Physical activity and tobacco smoking in the German adult population.

Background: Physical inactivity and tobacco smoking remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Germany, smoking prevalence is high at around 30%, and only 45% achieve the WHO recommendation for physical activity (PA). Understanding how smoking and physical inactivity co-occur can inform interventions targeting these behaviours.

A seemingly considerable increase in antimicrobial resistance in the group from blood cultures - the second national study in Denmark.

Background: Bacteroides fragilis group species are the most frequently encountered bacteria involved in anaerobic bacteraemia and associated with high mortality rates. In 2012, we performed the first national study of antimicrobial susceptibility in the B. fragilis group from blood cultures in Denmark.

Perinatal care in the earthquake disaster of the century: Nurses' and midwives' experiences.

Aim: To determine the experiences of nurses and midwives providing perinatal care in an earthquake area.

Background: On February 6, 2023, two earthquakes measuring 7.8 and 7.

Breastfeeding health literacy scale for pregnant women: A scale development study.

Rationale, Aims, And Objective: Breastfeeding provides optimal nutrition for infants, and health literacy significantly influences breastfeeding rates. This study aimed to develop a tool to assess the breastfeeding health literacy levels of pregnant women.

Methods: This methodologically structured study was conducted with 590 pregnant women who visited the pregnancy follow-up clinic between January and April 2024 and met the sampling criteria.

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of myopic children and adolescents with acute acquired comitant esotropia.

Clinical Relevance: Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is becoming increasingly common in young children. Understanding clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes can inform future practice.

Background: To evaluate clinical characteristics of myopic children and adolescents with AACE, and the outcomes of varying treatments.

Evaluation of the DxU 850m Iris automated urine microscopy analyzer for identifying culture-negative urine samples: From a perspective of reducing urine culture number.

We evaluated the DxU 850m Iris Urine Microscopy analyzer as a screening tool for excluding negative urine samples (n = 1337). At a cutoff of 10 colony counts·mL, sensitivity was 55.1 %, specificity 68.

Congenital superior oblique palsy in a patient with VACTERL association.

Different types of ophthalmological defects have been reported to be accompanying vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheoesophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb anomalies (VACTERL) association. A 7-year-old girl with a history of VACTERL association presented with upward drifting of the left eye and anomalous head posture to the right side and was diagnosed with congenital fourth nerve palsy. We report the first case representing a combination of congenital fourth nerve palsy with VACTERL association.

Challenges Faced by Mothers With Visual Impairment From the Preconception Period Through the Postpartum Period.

Introduction: There is a misperception in society that individuals with visual impairment are asexual and cannot marry, have children, or take care of children. In addition, individuals with visual impairment face difficulties in many aspects of life due to accessibility issues. Although it is expected that visually impaired individuals experience difficulties when having children, very few studies have focused on understanding the challenges women with visual impairment face in the process of having children.

Neurological and Visual Outcomes in Infants and Toddlers Following Therapeutic Hypothermia for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Background: The majority of studies have investigated neurodevelopmental outcomes, whereas visual impairment is less explored in children with a history of neonatal (hypoxic-ischemic) encephalopathy. Our aim was to perform a detailed neurological and visual assessment and also to investigate the presence of cerebral visual impairment in infants and toddlers with neonatal encephalopathy.

Methods: Thirty participants with a history of neonatal encephalopathy, who had been hospitalized for therapeutic hypothermia, underwent a detailed neurological examination at age five to 36 months.

Development of a mobile application -based breastfeeding program and evaluation of its effectiveness.

Background: Breastfeeding has many benefits for maternal and infant health. Mobile health interventions are increasingly used to increase breastfeeding initiation and support breastfeeding continuation.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a mobile application-based breastfeeding program (MABBP) and to evaluate effectiveness.

Decrease of over-elevation in adduction after surgery of medial rectus muscles in partially refractive accommodative esotropia.

Significance: The course of over-elevation in adduction after strabismus surgery has been evaluated in a small number of research in the literature, we believe our study is the first to report the results in a specific group of esotropia (ET) patients.

Aim: To report the course of postoperative over-elevation in adduction in patients who underwent surgery for horizontal deviation on the medial recti in partially accommodative ET.

Methods: The medical charts of patients who had partially accommodative ET with over-elevation in adduction were reviewed retrospectively.

The impact of maternal electrolyte and albumin levels on the efficacy of single-dose methotrexate treatment for ectopic pregnancies.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of maternal albumin and serum electrolyte levels on the efficacy of single-dose methotrexate (SDMtx) therapy for ectopic pregnancies. Building on previous research, recommendations are provided to enhance the success of SD-Mtx therapy in the management of ectopic pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: Conducted at a tertiary center gynecology clinic, the study included 353 patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy and treated with SD-Mtx from 2012 to 2023.

Does the Presence of Extended Jugular Lymphatic Sacs Add More Risk to Nuchal Thickness for Genetic and Structural Abnormality?

Background: The risks added by extended jugular lymphatic sacs (EJLS) to increased nuchal translucency (NT) including genetic and structural abnormalities and pregnancy outcomes have not been previously investigated, which this study aims to investigate.

Methods: The data of 155 singleton pregnancies with increased fetal NT (≥95 percentile) of these 20 with fetal EJLS were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were stratified according to NT thickness such that ≥95 percentile - 3.

Developmental and Behavioral Consequences of Intrauterine Anti-Seizure Medication Exposure.

Introduction: In this cross-sectional study, whether there is a difference in the prevalence of developmental/behavioral problems in children of those who received mono/polytherapy during pregnancy; How Valproic Acid (VPA) exposure affects developmental/behavioral characteristics compared to other antiseizure medications (ASM) was also investigated.

Method: 64 children of 46 women with epilepsy (WWE) with children aged 0-18 years were included. Ankara Development and Screening Inventory (ADSI) for their children up to the age of six and The Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 4-18-CBCL/4-18 scale was applied for the ages of 6-18.

Fetal left ventricular myocardial performance index measured at 11-14 weeks of gestation in fetuses with an increased nuchal translucency.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an increase in nuchal translucency (NT) thickness on the myocardial performance index (MPI) in fetuses without cardiac anomaly in the first trimester and to determine whether a difference in MPI between those with and without trisomy 21 in these fetuses could be determined.

Methods: The study group consisted of 53 pregnancies complicated with increased NT thickness without any associated structural anomalies. Forty-six gestational age-matched pregnant women whose fetuses had normal NT thickness were enrolled as the control group.

Maternal Serum Cripto-1 Levels in Pregnancies Complicated with Placenta Previa and Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS).

Objective: To examine maternal serum Cripto-1 levels in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) pregnancies and compare them with placenta previa (PP) cases and healthy pregnancies.

Study Design: A prospective case-control study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, from April to September 2021.

Attitudes and practices of postnatal mothers and their accompanying relatives to breastfeeding in public at a university hospital in Turkey.

Background: Mothers face social and cultural obstacles to breastfeeding in public.

Aims: This study evaluated the attitudes and practices of Turkish women regarding breastfeeding in public.

Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in a university hospital among 200 new postnatal mothers and their 200 accompanying female relatives.

Oct biomarkers of treatment-naive diabetic macular edema in patients with non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the retinal and choroidal spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) secondary to non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR-PDR).

Material And Methods: A hundred and thirty-eight eyes of 138 patients with DME were evaluated. Best-corrected visual acuity was recorded, biomicroscopic anterior and posterior segment examination, SD-OCT imaging, and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were performed.

Evaluation of skull conductivity using SCALE head tissue conductivity estimation using EEG.

Inaccurate estimation of skull conductivity is the largest impediment to high-resolution EEG source imaging because of its strong influence and wide variability across individuals. Nonetheless, there is yet no widely applied method for noninvasively measuring individual skull conductivity. We presented a skull conductivity and source location estimation algorithm (SCALE) for simultaneously estimating skull conductivity and the cortical distributions of 18-20 effective sources derived from the EEG data by independent component analysis (ICA).

Isolated Sudden-Onset Trochlear Nerve Palsy Associated with Mild Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Infection.

Purpose: To present a case of sudden isolated unilateral trochlear nerve palsy of new onset associated with a COVID-19 infection without a severe course.

Methods: A 49-year-old previously healthy man suddenly noticed seeing double while going down the stairs to go out for the first time the day after the completion of medical treatment and home isolation for COVID-19. There was no systemic disease or history of trauma.

The minnesota manual dexterity test as a bimanual performance measure in people with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Increasing knowledge about unilateral or bilateral upper limb (UL) involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) has revealed the need for an objective assessment tool.

Objective: The aims of our study were to evaluate manual dexterity using Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) in people with MS (pwMS), to investigate the validity and feasibility of MMDT, and to examine its relationship with other variables.

Methods: Eighty pwMS and forty healthy controls were enrolled.

Prediction of Pregnancy Complications With Maternal Biochemical Markers Used in Down Syndrome Screening.

Objective: To determine whether first- and second-trimester maternal serum biomarkers are useful for the prediction of pregnancy complications like preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and macrosomia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 353 women having first- or second-trimester combined test for Down syndrome screening who delivered at our institution between January 2018 and December 2020. Associations between first- and second-trimester serum markers and adverse pregnancy outcomes among those who underwent prenatal screening for Down syndrome in our clinic were studied.

The effectiveness of small heterodimer partner and FGF 19 levels in prediction of perinatal morbidity in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) are molecules responsible for controlling serum bile acid levels. We designed this study for evaluating the effects of FGF 19 and SHP in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Fifty-six pregnant women having ICP and 20 healthy pregnant women were included in the study.

Clinical significance of prenatally diagnosed persistent left superior vena cava.

Aims: The aim of our study was to investigate the persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) cases diagnosed in the prenatal period in our clinic and to compare the obstetric and genetic outcomes of isolated PLSVC cases with cases accompanied by other cardiac or extracardiac anomalies.

Methods: The cases diagnosed as PLSVC between January 2015 and January 2019 in our perinatology clinic were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two subgroups as isolated PLSVC and PLSVC accompanied by another anomaly.