Geochemical and isotope tracing of groundwater salinity in the coastal Gujarat alluvial plain, India.

This study attempts to learn the groundwater salinization mechanism in the large and well-populated coastal Gujarat alluvial plain under growing anthropogenic pressures. For this purpose, geochemical compositions and Sr/Sr were analyzed in 53 groundwater samples collected in the three different seasons during 2016-2017. Additionally, surface water samples collected in each season from two nearby large rivers (Narmada and Tapi) and urban sewage discharge of Surat city were also analyzed.

Inter-estuarine and seasonal to decadal variations of heavy metal pollution in the Gulf of Cambay, India.

Toxic heavy metals adsorbed preferentially onto suspended sediments enter our food chain by bio-assimilation in coastal ocean organisms. To decipher metal pollution status in the Gulf of Cambay (food hub of India) under rising anthropogenic pressure, we present seasonal abundances of Ti, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in > 150 samples of suspended sediments (> 0.45 µm) collected in four seasons (2016-2017) from two large estuaries (Narmada and Tapi).

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: Genetic variations, clinical manifestations and therapeutic interventions.

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is an acute phase secretory glycoprotein that inhibits neutrophil proteases like elastase and is considered as the archetype of a family of structurally related serine-protease inhibitors termed serpins. Serum AAT predominantly originates from liver and increases three to five fold during host response to tissue injury and inflammation. The AAT deficiency is unique among the protein-misfolding diseases in that it causes target organ injury by both loss-of-function and gain-of-toxic function mechanisms.

The impact of music on postoperative pain and anxiety following cesarean section.

Background: The relief of post-cesarean delivery pain is important. Good pain relief improves mobility and reduces the risk of thromboembolic disease, which may have been increased during pregnancy. Pain may impair the mother's ability to optimally care for her infant in the immediate postpartum period and may adversely affect early interactions between mother and infant.

Ionizable P1 residues in serine proteinase inhibitors undergo large pK shifts on complex formation.

The burial of charged residues in proteins is rare as it is thermodynamically strongly disfavored. However, in "standard mechanism" protein inhibitors of serine proteinases, the P1 residue, which is highly exposed, becomes buried in the S1 specificity pocket of the enzyme. In many enzymes, such as Streptomyces griseus proteinase B (SGPB) the S1 pocket is hydrophobic.

Chemical modification of buried lysine residues of bovine serum albumin and its influence on protein conformation and bilirubin binding.

Using a double modification technique about 20% of the lysine residues of bovine serum albumin (BSA) which are not easily accessible in the native protein have been modified. The technique involved approximately 80% modification of lysine residues of BSA with citraconic anhydride followed by chemical modification of the remaining lysine residues with acetic anhydride, succinic anhydride, potassium cyanate, or O-methylisourea. Finally, these preparations were decitraconylated under mild acidic conditions to yield acetylated, succinylated, carbomylated or guanidinated BSA.