A Case of Rafiq Syndrome (MAN1B1-CDG) in a Palestinian Child, With Brief Literature Review of 44 Cases.

Rafiq syndrome, MAN1B1-CDG, was described in 2010 and associated with genetic mutation in MAN1B1 gene in 2011. The disorder follows an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and typically presents with specific facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, developmental delay, obesity, and hypotonia. The syndrome belongs to a group of metabolic disorders called Congenital Glycosylation Disorders (CGD).

Right-Sided Fourth Branchial Cleft Cyst in a Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Anomalies of the fourth branchial cleft are exceedingly uncommon, presenting with a diverse array of clinical manifestations. The majority of branchial cleft anomalies, approximately 95%, are of the second type, with a mere 2% attributed to the fourth type. The latter is notably more prevalent on the left side, with reports indicating an 85% incidence.

A Large Sigmoid Pseudo-Pedunculated Lipoma Mimicking an Adenoma: A Report of a Rare Case and Literature Review.

Large colonic lipomas exceeding 2.0 cm in size may rarely mimic colorectal adenomas and hence we referred to such lipomas as pseudo-pedunculated lipomas. They can exhibit surface erosions, fissure ulcerations, and mucosal erythema and can pose diagnostic dilemmas during colonoscopy.

Role of artificial intelligence (Google bard) in morphological, histopathological, and radiological image identifications: Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) type-based performance.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of artificial intelligence (Google Bard) in figures, scans, and image identifications and interpretations in medical education and healthcare sciences through an Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) type of performance.

Methods: The OSPE type of question bank was created with a pool of medical sciences figures, scans, and images. For assessment, 60 figures, scans and images were selected and entered into the given area of the Google Bard to evaluate the knowledge level.

The Scientific Knowledge of Bard and ChatGPT in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Diabetes Technology: Multiple-Choice Questions Examination-Based Performance.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the knowledge level of Bard and ChatGPT in the areas of endocrinology, diabetes, and diabetes technology through a multiple-choice question (MCQ) examination format.

Methods: Initially, a 100-MCQ bank was established based on MCQs in endocrinology, diabetes, and diabetes technology. The MCQs were created from physiology, medical textbooks, and academic examination pools in the areas of endocrinology, diabetes, and diabetes technology and academic examination pools.

Nomophobia among university students in five Arab countries in the Middle East: prevalence and risk factors.

Background: Excessive use of mobile phones leading to development of symptoms suggestive of dependence syndrome with teenagers are far more likely to become dependent on mobile phones as compared to adults. COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of several groups in society, especially university students. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of mobile phone dependence among university students and its associated factors.

Evaluating the mental health of international students in the U.S. during the COVID-19 outbreak: The case of University of Florida.

: The study aims to capture the emotional challenges faced by international students due to the changes in U.S. visa regulations during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Cost effectiveness of bariatric surgery in patients with obesity related comorbidities: A retrospective study.

Background And Aim: Bariatric surgery has been reported to be an effective but expensive method for obesity management. This study aimed to determine the economic benefit for patients who underwent bariatric surgery.

Methodology: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent bariatric surgery and was on medications for obesity-related comorbidities at the Obesity Research Center in King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Effect of Green Space Environment on Air Pollutants PM2.5, PM10, CO, O, and Incidence and Mortality of SARS-CoV-2 in Highly Green and Less-Green Countries.

Worldwide, over half of the global population is living in urban areas. The metropolitan areas are highly populated and environmentally non-green regions on the planet. In green space regions, plants, grass, and green vegetation prevent soil erosion, absorb air pollutants, provide fresh and clean air, and minimize the burden of diseases.

Effect of Environmental Pollutants PM2.5, CO, NO, and O on the Incidence and Mortality of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Five Regions of the USA.

In recent decades, environmental pollution has become a significant international public problem in developing and developed nations. Various regions of the USA are experiencing illnesses related to environmental pollution. This study aims to investigate the association of four environmental pollutants, including particulate matter (PM2.

Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Cricket Players: Multi-Cricket Clubs Cross Sectional Study.

Background & Objectives: Sports activities are highly beneficial for improving the human health and reducing the risk of diseases. This cross sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus in cricket players compared to population based non-elite athlete control subjects.

Methods: The present matched cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period October 2019 to February 2020.

Sandstorm and its effect on particulate matter PM 2.5, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone pollutants and SARS-CoV-2 cases and deaths.

Sandstorms are a natural metrological phenomenon, frequently occurring in many arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The sandstorm dust contains environmental pollutants, microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These events are the primary sources of air pollution and its long-distance transport.

Integrating international linguistic minorities in emergency planning at institutions of higher education.

Research concerning the behavior of international linguistic minorities at institutions of higher education during disasters is very limited. Many international groups suffer from discrimination based on language (linguicism) during disasters-their stories are not being told, and their voices are not being heard. The main objective of our study is to develop new knowledge about disaster-related behaviors of international linguistic minorities at institutions of higher education with a view toward enhancing overall campus emergency planning.

Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Football Players: A Novel Multi Football Clubs Cross Sectional Study.

Sports offer great benefits, improving health and reducing the risk of illnesses. This study's aim was to investigate the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in football players compared to population based non-elite athlete control subjects. Initially 1100 male volunteers, (550) football players, and (550) population based non-elite athlete control subjects were interviewed.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and neurological manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Objective: The "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)" disease caused a challenging and threating pandemic (COVID-19) worldwide with a great loss to life and the global economy. SARS-CoV-2 mainly involves the respiratory system, however, with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), neurological and special senses clinical manifestations have been reported rarely. The present study aims to investigate the MRI findings, clinical manifestations of neurological and special senses involvement in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Effect of environmental pollutants PM-2.5, carbon monoxide, and ozone on the incidence and mortality of SARS-COV-2 infection in ten wildfire affected counties in California.

Various regions of California have experienced a large number of wildfires this year, at the same time the state has been experiencing a large number of cases of and deaths from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of wildfire allied pollutants, including particulate matter (PM-2.5 μm), carbon monoxide (CO), and Ozone (O) with the dynamics of new daily cases and deaths due to SARS-COV 2 infection in 10 counties, which were affected by wildfire in California.

Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 prevalence and mortality during 2020 pandemic: observational analysis of 27 countries.

Background: This study aimed to assess the impact of 15 days before, 15 days during, and 15 days after the lockdown on the trends in the prevalence and mortality in 27 countries during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Twenty-seven countries were randomly selected from the different continents. The information on the trends in the prevalence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in 27 countries was obtained from World Health Organization and lockdown data were obtained from concerned countries and their ministries.

Inappropriate use of beta-blockers among medical and dental students at King Saud University, Riyadh.

Aim: Self-medication and inappropriate beta-blocker use have been commonly reported among students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of inappropriate self-prescription of beta-blockers among medical and dental students.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a validated self-administered questionnaire distributed via online Google document to all undergraduate medical and dental students, including interns, of King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Wildfire and COVID-19 pandemic: effect of environmental pollution PM-2.5 and carbon monoxide on the dynamics of daily cases and deaths due to SARS-COV-2 infection in San-Francisco USA.

Objective: The wildfire allied environmental pollution is highly toxic and can cause significant wide-ranging damage to the regional environment, weather conditions, and it can facilitate the transmission of microorganisms and diseases. The present study aims to investigate the effect of wildfire allied pollutants, particulate matter (PM-2.5 μm), and carbon monoxide (CO) on the dynamics of daily cases and deaths due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in San Francisco, USA.

Impact of weather conditions on incidence and mortality of COVID-19 pandemic in Africa.

Objective: The weather-related conditions change the ecosystem and pose a threat to social, economic and environmental development. It creates unprecedented or unanticipated human health problems in various places or times of the year. Africa is the world's second largest and most populous continent and has relatively changeable weather conditions.

Effect of heat and humidity on the incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries.

Objective: The weather allied conditions have an impact on air, water, soil, food, ecosystem, feelings, behaviors, and pattern of health and disease. The present study aims to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on the daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries.

Materials And Methods: We selected 10 European countries, Russia, United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany, Turkey, France, Belgium, Netherlands and Belarus.

Climate and COVID-19 pandemic: effect of heat and humidity on the incidence and mortality in world's top ten hottest and top ten coldest countries.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global public health crisis with social, psychological and long-lasting economical damages. Weather-related dynamics have an impact on the pattern of human health and disease. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in ten of the world's hottest countries compared to ten of the coldest ones.

Effect of temperature and humidity on the dynamics of daily new cases and deaths due to COVID-19 outbreak in Gulf countries in Middle East Region.

Objective: Weather-related dynamics have an impact on the pattern of health and disease. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on the daily new cases and daily new deaths due to COVID-19 in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in the Middle East.

Materials And Methods: We selected all the six GCC countries, including Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and Oman.