Liver cell cancer surveillance practice in Nigeria: Pitfalls and future prospects.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease of public health concern in Nigeria, with chronic hepatitis B and C infections contributing most to the disease burden. Despite the increasing incidence of HCC, surveillance practices for early diagnosis and possible cure are not deeply rooted in the country. This article aims to review the current status of HCC surveillance in Nigeria, stressing the encounters, breaches, and potential prospects.

Triple emergencies: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, venous thromboembolism, and huge free-floating right heart thrombus successfully managed with anticoagulation.

A 57-year-old man, with type 2 diabetes mellitus, was admitted with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, who developed in-hospital venous thromboembolism with huge free-floating right heart thrombus, and there is no available optimal treatment option for the huge free-floating right heart thrombus, except anticoagulation with warfarin and low molecular weight heparin with successful outcome.

Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis c virus co-infection among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and effect of hepatitis c virus infection on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases at baseline.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exists as both viruses have the common routes of transmission. HIV infection has adverse effect on the natural history of HCV infection; however, the effect of HCV infection on the natural history of HIV infection is unclear.

Materials And Methods: This study was cross-sectional comprising of treatment-naïve adult HIV-infected patients attending clinics at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto and Specialist Hospital Sokoto.

Ebstein's Anomaly: An Unanticipated Differential Diagnosis of Egg-on-Stick Appearance and the Diagnostic Dilemma.

BACKGROUND Ebstein's anomaly (EA) is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality with diverse anatomic and spectra of clinical presentations. This heart anomaly occurs in approximately 1 per 200 000 live births and accounts for <1% of congenital cardiac diseases. The main pathologic finding is "atrialization" of the basal region of the right ventricle.

Pattern of presentation of gastroesophageal reflux disease among patients with dyspepsia in Kano, Nigeria.

Background: Dyspepsia is a symptom complex rather than a specific disease entity. It can be caused by both organic and functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) though a common digestive disorder worldwide is scarcely reported in Nigeria.