Epidemiological and Clinical Insights into : A Six-Year Study on Age, Antibiotics, and Specimens.

Background: This six-year retrospective study provides an in-depth analysis of the epidemiological and clinical patterns associated with () infections, focusing on age distribution, antibiotic resistance profiles, and specimen types.

Aim: The research examines the incidence and characteristics of non-Multi-Drug Resistant (non-MDR) and Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) strains by reviewing patient records from January 2016 to December 2022.

Methods: Through a statistical analysis, the study highlights the incidence rates across diverse age groups and explores the impact of antibiotic treatment regimens on infection outcomes.

Bloodstream infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus in patients admitted to King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: Currently, there is a limited amount of published data on the incidence of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) in most parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Thus, it is extremely important to have information concerning the distribution and prevalence of MRSA and MSSA to better handle and manage future epidemics.  This study aimed to investigate the correlation between MRSA and/or MSSA with BSI at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Physicochemistry, Nutritional, and Therapeutic Potential of - A Promising Nutraceutical.

In an era where synthetic supplements have raised concerns regarding their effects on human health, has emerged as a natural alternative rich in polyphenolic compounds with potent therapeutic properties. Various studies on focusing on the analysis and validation of its pharmacological and nutritional properties are emerging. This paper summarizes present data and information on the phytochemical, nutritional values, therapeutic potential, as well as the toxicity profile of .

Mapping the diversity of land uses following deforestation across Africa.

African forest are increasingly in decline as a result of land-use conversion due to human activities. However, a consistent and detailed characterization and mapping of land-use change that results in forest loss is not available at the spatial-temporal resolution and thematic levels suitable for decision-making at the local and regional scales; so far they have only been provided on coarser scales and restricted to humid forests. Here we present the first high-resolution (5 m) and continental-scale mapping of land use following deforestation in Africa, which covers an estimated 13.

Rainfall variability patterns in Nigeria during the rainy season.

To enhance the physical understanding of the circulation patterns associated with rainfall variations in Nigeria, we spatially decomposed rainfall during the rainy season and uncovered the asymmetric atmospheric circulation patterns driving wet and dry regimes in specific parts of Nigeria. Also, we examined linear trends in rainfall and the circulation patterns driving the trends. Our result shows that during the analysis period (1979-2022), northern part of Nigeria has coherent rainfall anomaly that is coupled with rainfall variations over the Sahel (Pearson correlation coefficient (r) is 0.

Effect of Circadian Rhythm Disturbance on the Human Musculoskeletal System and the Importance of Nutritional Strategies.

The circadian system in the human body responds to daily environmental changes to optimise behaviour according to the biological clock and also influences various physiological processes. The suprachiasmatic nuclei are located in the anterior hypothalamus of the brain, and they synchronise to the 24 h light/dark cycle. Human physiological functions are highly dependent on the regulation of the internal circadian clock.

Microarray Profiling of Differentially Expressed Genes in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts of High-Risk Patients with Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunctions.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is cognitive decline after surgery. The authors hypothesized that gene-level changes could be involved in the pathogenesis of POCD. The present study evaluated the incidence of POCD and its associated differentially expressed genes.

Natural Products in Mitigation of Bisphenol A Toxicity: Future Therapeutic Use.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental toxin with deleterious endocrine-disrupting effects. It is widely used in producing epoxy resins, polycarbonate plastics, and polyvinyl chloride plastics. Human beings are regularly exposed to BPA through inhalation, ingestion, and topical absorption routes.

Readiness of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (BCPR) during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review.

Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a strong link in the of survival for sudden cardiac arrest. Hence, bystander CPR (BPCR) plays an important role in curbing mortality and morbidity from out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest. However, the recent global Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted both public training and confidence in performing out-of-hospital CPR.

Exploring the Associated Factors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Healthcare Shift Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The recent pandemic of COVID-19 has had a tremendous impact on healthcare frontliners. This study sought to assess healthcare shift workers' depression, anxiety, and stress and its associated factors.

Methods: The sampling frame includes healthcare shift workers directly managing COVID-19 cases around Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Influence of sociocultural factors on the risk of eating disorders among King Abdulaziz University students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: In Saudi Arabia, there is not much research on the risk of eating disorders and the influence of sociocultural factors on increasing the risk among university students. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of the risk of eating disorder (EDs) in King Abdulaziz University students, the influence of sociocultural factors, and any differences between males and females.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 763 university students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Circadian Disruption and Occupational Toxicants Exposure Affecting the Immunity of Shift Workers During SARS CoV-2 Pandemic.

In several regions of the world, the recent Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak increased morbidity and mortality. The pandemic situation disrupted many workers' previously established lifestyles. The main aim of the present review was to describe the circadian disruption and occupational toxicant exposure affecting the immunity of shift workers during the SARS CoV-2 pandemic.

Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematological disease. The disease is characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM accounts for 1.

Neuroprotection Against NMDA-Induced Retinal Damage by Philanthotoxin-343 Involves Reduced Nitrosative Stress.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) overstimulation is known to mediate neurodegeneration, and hence represents a relevant therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders including glaucoma. This study examined the neuroprotective effects of philanthotoxin (PhTX)-343 against NMDA-induced retinal injury in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups; group 1 received phosphate buffer saline as the negative control, group 2 was injected with NMDA (160 nM) to induce retinal excitotoxic injury, and group 3 was pre-treated with PhTX-343 (160 nM) 24 h before NMDA exposure.

Detecting cocoa plantations in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana and their implications on protected areas.

Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana are the largest producers of cocoa in the world. In recent decades the cultivation of this crop has led to the loss of vast tracts of forest areas in both countries. Efficient and accurate methods for remotely identifying cocoa plantations are essential to the implementation of sustainable cocoa practices and for the periodic and effective monitoring of forests.

Impact of Religious Activities on Quality of Life and Cognitive Function Among Elderly.

Religiosity and spirituality have previously been found to have significant effects on mental and physical health. This study aimed to compare elderly people utilizing different types of religious activities in their daily routine and the effects upon their quality of life and cognitive function. A cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly people dwelling in suburban areas of Malaysia.

Analysis of K Channels Opening Probability of Hippocampus Cells Treated with Kainic Acid.

Background: Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures may be a valuable tool in the assessment of anti-epileptic drug efficacy in complex partial seizures. This study investigated the effects of KA on ATP-sensitive K (K) channels opening probability (NPo), which plays a crucial role in neuronal activities.

Methods: For the optimisation and validation protocol, β-cells were plated onto 35 mm plastic petri dishes and maintained in RPMI-1640 media supplemented with 10 mM glucose, 10% FCS and 25 mM of N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES).

Cortisol on Circadian Rhythm and Its Effect on Cardiovascular System.

The synthesis and secretion of cortisol are controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Cortisol exhibits a proper 24-h circadian rhythm that affects the brain, the autonomic nervous system, the heart, and the vasculature that prepares the cardiovascular system for optimal function during these anticipated behavioral cycles. A literature search was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus.

Philanthotoxin-343 attenuates retinal and optic nerve injury, and protects visual function in rats with N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity.

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and optic neuropathy, both hallmarks of glaucoma, have been shown to involve N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated excitotoxicity. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Philanthotoxin (PhTX)-343 in NMDA-induced retinal injury to alleviate ensuing visual impairments. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three; Group I was intravitreally injected with phosphate buffer saline as the control, Group II was injected with NMDA (160 nM) to induce retinal excitotoxic injury, while Group III was injected with PhTX-343 (160 nM) 24 h prior to excitotoxicity induction with NMDA.

Application of chemometrics techniques to solve environmental issues in Malaysia.

There has been a growing concern on the rising of environmental issues in Malaysia over the last decade. Many environmental studies conducted in this country began to utilise the chemometrics techniques to overcome the limitation in the environmental monitoring studies. Chemometrics becomes an important tool in environmental fields to evaluate the relationship of various environmental variables particularly in a large and complex database.

Merging memantine and ferulic acid to probe connections between NMDA receptors, oxidative stress and amyloid-β peptide in Alzheimer's disease.

N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) are critically involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Acting as an open-channel blocker, the anti-AD drug memantine preferentially targets NMDAR overactivation, which has been proposed to trigger neurotoxic events mediated by amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and oxidative stress. In this study, we applied a multifunctional approach by conjugating memantine to ferulic acid, which is known to protect the brain from Aβ neurotoxicity and neuronal death caused by ROS.

Multitarget drug design strategy in Alzheimer's disease: focus on cholinergic transmission and amyloid-β aggregation.

Aim: Alzheimer pathogenesis has been associated with a network of processes working simultaneously and synergistically. Over time, much interest has been focused on cholinergic transmission and its mutual interconnections with other active players of the disease. Besides the cholinesterase mainstay, the multifaceted interplay between nicotinic receptors and amyloid is actually considered to have a central role in neuroprotection.

EULAR recommendations for the management of familial Mediterranean fever.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common monogenic autoinflammatory disease, but many rheumatologists are not well acquainted with its management. The objective of this report is to produce evidence-based recommendations to guide rheumatologists and other health professionals in the treatment and follow-up of patients with FMF. A multidisciplinary panel, including rheumatologists, internists, paediatricians, a nurse, a methodologist and a patient representative, was assembled.