The results of sulfur hexafluoride gas in vitreous surgery.

Of 101 vitrectomies that used sulfur hexafluoride gas, 42 of 87 eyes followed up for six months had attached retinas and 28 had visual acuities of 6/240 (20/800) or better. Ocular hypertension occurred after 45 of the 101 operations and the incidence of ocular hypertension was significantly higher in eyes that received 100% sulfur hexafluoride than in eyes given lesser concentrations of gas (P less than .05).

Immunocytochemical studies of human peripheral nerve with serum from patients with polyneuropathy and paraproteinemia.

Immunohistochemical binding of IgM paraproteins to nerve was studied using the immunoperoxidase technique with serum from 10 patients with benign plasma cell dyscrasia and neuropathy. We stained the myelin sheaths of peripheral nerves and roots fo five patients who had myelin-absorbable IgM paraproteins. Two patients with IgM paraproteins that did not react with myelin showed predominant staining of axons, while three were completely negative.

Effects of lodoxamide on ischemic reperfused myocardium.

The beneficial effects of lodoxamide tromethamine (U42585E) have been examined in a canine model of myocardial ischemic injury. Lodoxamide was infused 20 mg/kg/h i.v.

Aortic stenosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Hemodynamically significant valvular lesions have been rarely reported sequelae of Libman-Sacks endocarditis complicating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Furthermore, embolic phenomena associated with these vegetations have not been clearly documented. We present a report of critical aortic stenosis associated with SLE in a patient who had received corticosteroid treatment for several years.

Surgical results in ocular trauma involving the posterior segment.

Of 106 eyes with trauma involving the posterior segment, 12 could not be repaired, 74 were treated with vitrectomy, and 20 without vitrectomy. Fifty-five eyes (52%) achieved functional success (defined as a final visual acuity of 6/30 [20/100] or better or as a postoperative improvement in visual acuity from light perception or worse to 6/240 [5/200] or better), 16 (15%) attained anatomic success (attached retinas and generally clear media) but were functional failures, and 35 (33%) were both anatomic and functional failures. The prognosis was better in cases with intraocular foreign bodies and worse in cases with retinal detachments, marked vitreous hemorrhage, and large scleral lacerations.

Neurological involvement in mice after infection with a cold-adapted herpes simplex type 2 virus.

Experimental intracerebral infection of 4-week-old mice with the MS strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 or its derivative cold variant was compared. The infectious process was followed in both the brain tissue and the trigeminal ganglia, using hematoxylin and eosin and antigenic tracing with indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining. The wild-type virus elicited a severe meningitis and necrotic lesions by 7 days post-inoculation in the brain.

Computed tomography and ultrasound in the evaluation of orbital infection and pseudotumor.

Twenty patients with orbital inflammatory processes were examined with high-resolution computed tomography (CT) and 14 of them were also evaluated with ultrasound (US). In eight cases of orbital infection, six abscesses were localized by CT; US contributed no significant additional information. The 12 cases of orbital pseudotumor could be classified into four forms by CT.

Varix of the vortex ampulla.

In five patients, extreme gaze resulted in the appearance and expansion of a lesion located at the site of a venous vortex ampulla. The dimensions and color of the lesion varied depending upon the direction and duration of gaze. The lesion expanded when the head was positioned below the level of the heart and when a Valsalva maneuver was performed, even when the primary position of gaze was maintained.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum protein SAA in rhesus monkeys with secondary amyloidosis.

Tissue deposits of amyloid protein AA and a concomitant elevation of serum protein SAA have been demonstrated previously in mice and humans with secondary amyloidosis, but not in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). In this study, protein SAA was quantitated in normal and amyloidotic rhesus monkeys using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein AA was isolated from the liver of a rhesus monkey with secondary amyloidosis by a combination of water extraction and gel filtration chromatography.

The use of intraocular gases. The results of sulfur hexafluoride gas in retinal detachment surgery.

The results of SF6 gas in 69 retinal detachment cases managed with nonvitrectomy techniques are presented. Of 57 cases followed six months, 64.9% were reattached and 61.

Orbital subperiosteal hematoma (epidural hematoma of the orbit).

Three cases are presented of subperiosteal hematomas, which can be thought of as epidural hematomas of the orbit. One occurred in a child associated with an episode of violent vomiting, the second in an adult with a history of remote head trauma who presented with a slowly progressive course suggestive of thyroid eye disease, and the third in a young patient after acute trauma probably associated with the injections of a local anesthetic agent or possibly the passage of a deep suture. Skull x-rays, computed tomography, and ultrasonographic examinations detected and localized the lesion in each case.

Immunocytochemical distribution of corticotropin (ACTH) in monkey brain.

The distribution of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) in monkey brain was examined by immunoperoxidase immunohistochemistry. An antiserum to ACTH that recognized the C-terminal portion of the molecule was used. Immunoreactive ACTH was visualized as an intraneuronal constituent with a widespread distribution throughout the brain.

Neurotensin neurons in the rat hypothalamus: an immunocytochemical study.

Neurotensin was localized in the hypothalamic tissues of adult Sprague-Dawley rats by immunoperoxidase techniques. Visualization of perikarya was greatly enhanced by intraventricular administration of colchicine. Many perikarya containing neurotensin-like immunoreactivity were seen in the medial preoptic area, the periventricular hypothalamus, the parvocellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus, the arcuate nucleus, and the lateral hypothalamus in the perifornical area.

Mucosal damage mediated by clostridial toxin in experimental clindamycin-associated colitis.

A toxin produced by Clostridium difficile has been implicated in the pathogenesis of antibiotic-associated colitis in humans and experimental animals. This study was undertaken in order to define the sequential evolution of caecal mucosal lesions in the hamster and to relate those lesions directly to the clostridial toxin. Sterile filtrates from a culture of C.

Neonatal monosodium glutamate. Effects upon analgesic responsivity and immunocytochemical ACTH/beta-lipotropin.

Neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) produces neurotoxic degeneration of the retina and medial-basal hypothalamus, including the arcuate nucleus. Since this hypothalamic area contains the only neuronal cell bodies in brain which contain adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH) and beta-endorphin, destruction of these cells by MSG may interfere with pain responses mediated by nerve fibers arising from these perikarya. The present study examined whether MSG-treated rats, as compared to littermate controls, exhibited concomitant changes in the immunocytochemical distribution of ACTH and beta-LPH, and their reactivity to several analgesia-inducing manipulations.

Intravitreal autotransplantation of fibroblasts.

Tissue cultured skin fibroblasts autotransplanted into the vitreous cavity of rabbit eyes formed intravitreal strands that grew toward the medullary ray and optic nerve head and caused preretinal puckers and traction detachment. After four weeks, 32 of 51 eyes (63%) developed these changes. Light and electron microscopy revealed initial cell death.

Inhibition of intraocular proliferations with intravitreal corticosteroids.

Autotransplantation of one fourth million tissue cultured fibroblasts from rabbit rump skin into the vitreous cavity resulted in intravitreal strand formation and traction retinal detachment (27 of 47 eyes, 57%). A single intravitreal injection of 1 mg of dexamethasone alcohol inhibited fibroblast growth as judged by the significantly reduced number of retinal detachments (11 of 46 eyes, 24%). Retinal neovascularization that was observed when fibrous strands came into contact with vascularized retina (nine of 47 eyes, 19%) was also inhibited after corticosteroid application (two of 46 eyes, 4%).

Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome with abnormal pupils and normal eye movements: a case report.

A 66-year-old woman with acute idiopathic polyneuritis (Landry-Guillain-Barré [LGB] syndrome) had normal extraocular movements, but her pupils did not react to light or accommodation. This is the first such case to be reported. Pharmacologic testing pointed to postganglionic involvement of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves.