Hematoma expansion prediction in intracerebral hemorrhage patients by using synthesized CT images in an end-to-end deep learning framework.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a type of stroke less prevalent than ischemic stroke but associated with high mortality rates. Hematoma expansion (HE) is an increase in the bleeding that affects 30%-38% of hemorrhagic stroke patients. It is observed within 24 h of onset and associated with patient worsening.

Disease-Associated Variants in GRIN1, GRIN2A and GRIN2B genes: Insights into NMDA Receptor Structure, Function, and Pathophysiology.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors critical for synaptic transmission and plasticity, and for the development of neural circuits. Rare or de-novo variants in GRIN genes encoding NMDAR subunits have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, autism, schizophrenia, or epilepsy. In recent years, some disease-associated variants in GRIN genes have been characterized using recombinant receptors expressed in non-neuronal cells, and a few variants have also been studied in neuronal preparations or animal models.

Benchmarking the CoW with the TopCoW Challenge: Topology-Aware Anatomical Segmentation of the Circle of Willis for CTA and MRA.

The Circle of Willis (CoW) is an important network of arteries connecting major circulations of the brain. Its vascular architecture is believed to affect the risk, severity, and clinical outcome of serious neuro-vascular diseases. However, characterizing the highly variable CoW anatomy is still a manual and time-consuming expert task.

Disease-associated nonsense and frame-shift variants resulting in the truncation of the GluN2A or GluN2B C-terminal domain decrease NMDAR surface expression and reduce potentiating effects of neurosteroids.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play a critical role in normal brain function, and variants in genes encoding NMDAR subunits have been described in individuals with various neuropsychiatric disorders. We have used whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, fluorescence microscopy and in-silico modeling to explore the functional consequences of disease-associated nonsense and frame-shift variants resulting in the truncation of GluN2A or GluN2B C-terminal domain (CTD). This study characterizes variant NMDARs and shows their reduced surface expression and synaptic localization, altered agonist affinity, increased desensitization, and reduced probability of channel opening.

Effects of Pregnanolone Glutamate and Its Metabolites on GABA and NMDA Receptors and Zebrafish Behavior.

Multiple molecular targets have been identified to mediate membrane-delimited and nongenomic effects of natural and synthetic steroids, but the influence of steroid metabolism on neuroactive steroid signaling is not well understood. To begin to address this question, we set out to identify major metabolites of a neuroprotective synthetic steroid 20-oxo-5β-pregnan-3α-yl l-glutamyl 1-ester (pregnanolone glutamate, PAG) and characterize their effects on GABA and NMDA receptors (GABARs, NMDARs) and their influence on zebrafish behavior. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to assess concentrations of PAG and its metabolites in the hippocampal tissue of juvenile rats following intraperitoneal PAG injection.

Elucidating the Structural and Minimal Protective Epitope of the Serogroup X Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide.

Despite the considerable progress toward the eradication of meningococcal disease with the introduction of glycoconjugate vaccines, previously unremarkable serogroup X has emerged in recent years, recording several outbreaks throughout the African continent. Different serogroup X polysaccharide-based vaccines have been tested in preclinical trials, establishing the principles for further improvement. To elucidate the antigenic determinants of the MenX capsular polysaccharide, we generated a monoclonal antibody, and its bactericidal nature was confirmed using the rabbit serum bactericidal assay.

Hemorrhagic stroke lesion segmentation using a 3D U-Net with squeeze-and-excitation blocks.

Hemorrhagic stroke is the condition involving the rupture of a vessel inside the brain and is characterized by high mortality rates. Even if the patient survives, stroke can cause temporary or permanent disability depending on how long blood flow has been interrupted. Therefore, it is crucial to act fast to prevent irreversible damage.

[Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of application of the drug cortexin in the complex rehabilitation of verticalization in patients with ischemic stroke in the acute period].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cortexin in the complex of rehabilitation measures for verticalization in patients with ischemic stroke in the acute period.

Material And Methods: The study included 90 patients with hemispheric ischemic stroke. Patients of the first group (n=30) received cortexin in a dose of 20 mg per day intramuscularly for 10 days, along with basic therapy during early verticalization.

[Efficacy of Korteksin in acute period of hemispheric ischemic stroke].

Aim: To study the efficacy and prolonged effect of repeated treatment with low-doses of the neuroprotection drug cortexin (30 mg, (10+10+10, morning, noon, day), daily) in patients in the acute period of hemispheric ischemic stroke.

Material And Methods: One hundred and twenty-two patients with hemispheric ischemic stroke were studied. Patients of the first group (n=30) received cortexin in a dose of 20 mg (10+10) intramuscularly along with basic therapy, patients of the second group (n=30) received two courses of cortexin in the same dose for 10 days each with a break of 10 days in-between, patients of the third group (n=30) received only basic therapy, patients of the fourth group (n=32) received cortexin in a dose of 30 mg (10+10+10), two courses for 10 days each with a break of 10 days in-between.

EXTRAVASCULAR LUNG WATER IS A PREDICTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE BURN INJURY.

The Aim: to determine if an increased extravascular lung water level (EVLW) would be a predictor of multiple organ failure in pediatric patients with severe burn injury.

Materials And Methods: a prospective study included 33 pediatric patients with burn surface from 30 to 90% of the total body surface area, admitted to PICU. All the patients were monitored with PICCO-technology advanced hemodynamic monitoring, that included an analysis ofEVLW level every 6 hours during first 48 hours after PICU admission.

[Cognitive impairment in patients poluchennym ischemic stroke in the acute and early recovery periods in the process of neuroprotection low-dose drug cortexin].

Aim: To study the effect of repeated low-dose course of neuroprotection by drug cortexin on cognitive impairment in the acute and early recovery periods of hemispheric ischemic stroke.

Material And Methods: The study involved 90 patients with poluchennym ischemic stroke. Patients of the first group received cortexin 20 mg (10+10) intramuscularly on the background of basic therapy, patients of the second group (n=30) received cortexin 20 mg (10+10) two courses for 10 days each with a break in between of 10 days, the patients of the third group - only basic therapy.

[Efficacy of cortexin in acute and recovery periodes of hemispheric ischemic stroke].

Aim: To study the effectiveness and sustained effects of early appointment of a repeated course of low-dose drug cortexin neuroprotection in patients in acute and recovery period of hemispheric ischemic stroke.

Material And Methods: The study included 90 patients with hemispheric ischemic stroke. Patients of the first group received 20 mg cortexin (10+10) intramuscularly on basic therapy, the patients of the second group (n=30) was obtained cortexin 20 mg (10+10) in the two courses each for 10 days with an interval between them in 10 days, patients of the third group - only basic therapy.

[EFFECT OF CORTEXIN ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE EARLY REHABILITATIVE PERIOD AFTER HEMISPHERIC ISCHEMIC STROKE].

Aim: To study the neuroprotective effect of a repeated course of low dose cortexin therapy on the quality of life in the early rehabilitative period after hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS).

Materials And Methods: 90 patients were divided into group 1 treated with cortexin (10 mg i/m twice daily (morning and afternoon) in addition to basal treatment, group 2 given the repeated course of the same treatment, and control group (basal therapy alone). The standard SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life.

Meniscus-mask lithography for fabrication of narrow nanowires.

We demonstrate the efficiency of meniscus-mask lithography (MML) for fabrication of precisely positioned nanowires in a variety of materials. Si, SiO2, Au, Cr, W, Ti, TiO2, and Al nanowires are fabricated and characterized. The average widths, depending on the materials, range from 6 to 16 nm.

Nanoporous silicon oxide memory.

Oxide-based two-terminal resistive random access memory (RRAM) is considered one of the most promising candidates for next-generation nonvolatile memory. We introduce here a new RRAM memory structure employing a nanoporous (NP) silicon oxide (SiOx) material which enables unipolar switching through its internal vertical nanogap. Through the control of the stochastic filament formation at low voltage, the NP SiOx memory exhibited an extremely low electroforming voltage (∼ 1.

Transmission of "split anergy" from tumor infiltrating to peripheral NK cells in a manner similar to "infectious tolerance".

According to a new paradigm of carcinogenesis, a tumor arises not from transformed cell, but only from tumor initiating cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which can originate from tissue stem cells. CSC are resistant to conventional therapy and after treatment form new tumors and give rise to metastases. Only natural killer (NK) cells are capable of lysing CSCs, but within different tumor types these cells experience a condition known as "split anergy", whereby the NK cells lose the ability to kill CSCs and being to produce cytokines.

Meniscus-mask lithography for narrow graphene nanoribbons.

Described here is a planar top-down method for the fabrication of precisely positioned very narrow (sub-10 nm), high aspect ratio (>2000) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) from graphene sheets, which we call meniscus-mask lithography (MML). The method does not require demanding high-resolution lithography tools. The mechanism involves masking by atmospheric water adsorbed at the edge of the lithography pattern written on top of the target material.

[Efficacy of cytoflavin in patients with hypertonic encephalopathy and constitutional venous insufficiency].

We examined 60 patients with constitutional venous insufficiency, suffering from hypertensive encephalopathy of I and II stages, mean age 43,4± 6,3 years. Patients of the main group (n=30) received Cytoflavin (2 tablets twice a day) and standard therapy (acetylsalicylic acid and antihypertensive drugs). Thirty patients of the parallel group received only standard therapy.

The reciprocal relationship between alliance and symptom improvement across the treatment of childhood anxiety.

This study examined changes in the therapeutic alliance and in self-reported anxiety over the course of 16 weeks of manual-based family treatment for child anxiety disorders. Eighty-six children (51.3% female; aged 7.

[Hypernatremia as a predictor of poor outcomes in children with severe brain injury].

The aim of the study was to elucidate a relationship between the development of hypernatremia and the frequency of poor outcomes in children with severe brain injury (SBI). The retrospective study enrolled 77 children (54 boys and 23 girls) aged 1 month to 18 years, who had SBI in the period of January 2008 to September 2009, and were divided into 3 groups after treatment termination. The admission injury severity criterion was Glasgow coma scale (8 scores or less) rating.

Double stacking faults in convectively assembled crystals of colloidal spheres.

Using microradian X-ray diffraction, we investigated the crystal structure of convectively assembled colloidal photonic crystals over macroscopic (0.5 mm) distances. Through adaptation of Wilson's theory for X-ray diffraction, we show that certain types of line defects that are often observed in scanning electron microscopy images of the surface of these crystals are actually planar defects at 70.

[Prolonged venovenous hemofiltration in the complex therapy of children with severe thermal injury complicated by multiple organ failure].

The paper describes the authors' experience in using prolonged venovenous hemofiltration in the complex treatment of children with severe thermal injury complicated with multiple organ dysfunction, showing the higher efficiency of treatment in patients with the above condition and the reduction in the number of complications and mortality. This technique is not limited by renal function replacement.

[Prolonged venovenous hemofiltration in intensive care of children with severe thermal injury].

The efficiency of using prolonged venovenous hemofiltration (PVVH) was studied in 12 children with severe thermal injury in the presence of multiple organ dysfunctions. All the children were critically ill (having artificial ventilation, inotropic support, states of coma, renal dysfunction) and received the whole package of intensive care measures. Five of the 12 children were diagnosed as having sepsis, as verified by the procalcitonin ( >10 ng/ml) test.

[The comparative radioresistance of chronically irradiated populations of Arabidopsis].

The radioresistance of seeds of populations of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. growing for 5 years in the regions with different levels of radioactive contamination within 30 km zone of Chernobyl NPP was studied.