The Life Course Perspective on Older Adults' Health Trajectories: Risk and Protective Factors.

According to the life course perspective (LCP), optimal human development and healthy aging are key goals that must start preconceptionally and continue later in life. However, older adult health and family health across generations have received very little attention in maternal and child health (MCH). Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an important strategy for putting the LCP into action by engaging those communities most affected by health disparities.

The role of adverse childhood experiences in obesity among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: National survey of Children's health 2018-2019.

Background: Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at an increased risk of overweight/obesity and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

Objective: This study examined whether ACEs increased the odds of overweight/obesity in adolescents with ASD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) 2018-2019 data (N = 31,533 children ages 10-17 years, including n = 480 children with mild ASD and n = 423 children with moderate/severe ASD with normal or overweight/obese BMI).

Socioecologic Factors Associated With Obesity in Adolescents With Epilepsy in the United States.

Background: Obesity among youth with epilepsy has multifactorial etiology, yet socioecologic obesity risk factors (eg, neighborhood factors) have not been examined in this population. This study examined (1) the prevalence of obesity adjusting for relevant covariates and (2) socioecologic correlates of obesity in adolescents with epilepsy aged 10-17 years.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data (total n = 27,094; epilepsy n = 184).

The association between parent-child quality time and children's flourishing level.

Purpose: Few studies have examined the association between parental quality time and flourishing measures in young children. This study explored the association between parental quality time and children's flourishing in a national sample of USA children 1-5 years of age.

Design And Methods: A cross sectional study using data from the 2019-2020 National Survey of Children's Health (N = 17,855).

MCH Leadership Training Program: An Innovative Application of an Implementation Science Framework.

Introduction: MCH training programs in schools of public health provide specialized training to develop culturally competent and skilled MCH leaders who will play key roles in public health infrastructure. Previous literature has reported on the effectiveness of MCH training programs (e.g.

Obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions among adolescents aged 10-17 years: The National Survey of Children's Health 2017-2018.

Aim: Adolescents have a high prevalence of obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health co-occurring conditions. This study examined the association between obesity and several co-occurring conditions - autism spectrum disorder (ASD); intellectual disability; learning disability; stuttering, stammering or other speech problems; developmental delay; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; epilepsy or seizure disorder; cerebral palsy; depression; anxiety; and Tourette Syndrome - in adolescents aged 10-17 years (n = 26 266) using 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data (n = 27 328); χ tests were conducted to compare the prevalence of obesity and several co-occurring conditions.

COVID-19 stress, social support, and coping in international students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a moderated analysis on anxiety and depression.

Objective: This study examined the associations between COVID-19 stress and anxiety and depression among international college students and assessed if this relationship was moderated by coping and social support.

Participants: 219 international students at a large US university.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey utilizing validated scales was conducted from October 1 to 25, 2020.

Pandemic parenting: A pilot study of in-person versus internet-DOCS K-5 for caregivers of school-age children with disruptive behaviors.

Behavioral parent training (BPT) programs are needed to address disruptive behavior disorders among school-aged children. Given the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic and associated mental health consequences, adapting BPTs to telehealth modalities is necessary to ensure continued services to children and families. This pilot study evaluated the use of a telehealth vs in-person modality to deliver the Developing Our Children's Skills K-5 (DOCS K-5) BPT.

Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis and Other Child, Family, and Community Risk Factors for Obesity among Children and Adolescents Aged Ten to Seventeen Years in the United States: A Mediation Analysis.

This study explored whether there are mediated effects of child and family risk in the association between community and organizational risk and obesity among children and adolescents aged 10-17 years using 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) data, addressing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and co-occurring conditions. This cross-sectional study ( = 27,157) used 2017-2018 NSCH data. Frequency distributions and chi-square tests were used to describe participants with and without ASD.

Correlates of obesity in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder: The 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health.

Background: The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and childhood obesity are increasing, and youth with ASD are at an increased risk of obesity compared to typically developing youth. Specific obesity risk factors in adolescents with ASD remain poorly understood.

Objective: This study examined correlates of obesity among adolescents with and without ASD using extant 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) data.

How Community and Individual Risk Factors Mutually Impact Youth's Perceived Safety: A Syndemic Analysis Using Structural Equation Modeling.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mutual impact of community and individual factors on youth's perceptions of community safety, using structural equation modeling (SEM) conceptualized by syndemic theory. This study used survey data collected from a county wide sample of middle and high school students (N=25,147) in West Central Florida in 2015. The outcome variable was youth's perceptions of community safety.

A nonrandomized trial of a behavioral parent training intervention for parents with children with challenging behaviors: In-person versus internet-HOT DOCS.

Behavioral parent training (BPT) programs are the first-line interventions for childhood disruptive behaviors. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, adapting these programs to telehealth modalities is necessary to ensure continued services to children and families. This study evaluates the use of telehealth versus in-person modality to deliver the Helping Our Toddlers, Developing Our Children's Skills (HOT DOCS) BPT.

Using syndemic theory to understand food insecurity and diet-related chronic diseases.

Syndemic Theory (ST) provides a framework to examine mutually enhancing diseases/health issues under conditions of social inequality and inequity. ST has been used in multiple disciplines to address interacting infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases, and mental health conditions. The theory has been critiqued for its inability to measure disease interactions and their individual and combined health outcomes.

Pre-pregnancy maternal obesity, macrosomia, and risk of stillbirth: A population-based study.

Objective: An examination of the synergistic effects of maternal obesity and macrosomia on the risk of stillbirth is lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between fetal macrosomia, maternal obesity, and the risk of stillbirth.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used the CDC's Birth Data and Fetal Death Data files for 2014-2017 [n = 10,043,398‬ total births; including 48,799 stillbirths].

[Sociodemographic characteristics associated with the prevalence of tobacco use in Costa RicaCaracterísticas sociodemográficas associadas à prevalência do consumo de tabaco na Costa Rica].

Objective: To determine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the current prevalence of tobacco use in Costa Rica, based on the results of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS).

Methods: Cross-sectional observational epidemiological study, country-wide (n = 8607), that used the sociodemographic variables included in GATS 2015. A logistic regression model was designed to predict the impact of those variables on current tobacco use.

Racism, Psycho-Social Stress, and Health-related Quality of Life.

There is a paucity of information on the intermediate behavioral pathways linking exposure to racial discrimination with negative health outcomes among racial and ethnic minority populations in low income settings. This study examined the association between experiences of discrimination and the number of unhealthy days due to physical or mental illness and whether alcohol use influenced the association. A community needs assessment was conducted from 2013-2014 within a low-income community in Florida.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Intimate Partner Violence Among Women in Haiti: Understanding Household, Individual, Partner, and Relationship Characteristics.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue with detrimental consequences for women's reproductive, mental, and physical health. In Haiti, IPV is a major obstacle to women's development. Yet, the determinants of IPV victimization are still not well understood.

Phenotypes of fetal macrosomia and risk of stillbirth among term deliveries over the previous four decades.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between macrosomia and stillbirth over the previous four decades and to determine the consistency of the relationship.

Methods: This was a population-based retrospective cohort study using United States Natality and Fetal Death Data from 1982 to 2017 and restricted to the gestational age range of 37-41 weeks inclusive. Macrosomia was defined as birthweight ≥4000 g and subdivided into its grades as previously recommended: grade 1 (4000-4499 g), grade 2 (4500-4999 g), and grade 3 (≥5000 g).

Protective Factors Using the Life Course Perspective in Maternal and Child Health.

The life course perspective (LCP), a valuable theoretical framework for investigating racial disparities in birth outcomes, examines the cumulative exposure of risk and protective factors throughout the life span. Although risk and protective exposures are equally vital to health, most studies have focused solely on the risk factor exposures faced by vulnerable populations. In clear contrast to the traditional public health approach, which emphasizes a deficit model, strengths-based approaches focus on protective factors and fostering resilience.

Trends in the incidence of fetal macrosomia and its phenotypes in the United States, 1971-2017.

Purpose: Studies have reported a surge in the prevalence of obesity among various demographic groups including pregnant women in the U.S. Given the association between maternal obesity and risk of fetal macrosomia, we hypothesized that the incidence of fetal macrosomia will be on the rise in the U.

Priority setting towards achieving under-five mortality target in Africa in context of sustainable development goals: an ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis.

Background: Africa reduced its under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) by more than 50% during the MDGs era. However, it still has by far the highest average U5MR in the world - 81 deaths compared to a global average of 43 deaths per 1000 births, with eight of the ten countries in the world with the highest child mortality rates. The primary objective of our study was to examine the socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental determinants that most account for U5MR disparities between African countries.

Bridging the Under-Five Mortality Gap for Africa in the Era of Sustainable Development Goals: An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Analysis.

Background: While Africa achieved significant progress in reducing under-five mortality rate (U5MR) in the MDGs era, it did not achieve the set target and still has the highest average of 81 deaths per 1000 live births compared to a global average of 43 deaths. The SDG number 3 has set a new target of reducing U5MR to 25 deaths per 1000 births in the world, which serves a huge challenge, especially for Africa. Socioeconomic inequities that remain unaddressed across countries account for Africa's high U5MR.

Exploring the Life Course Perspective in Maternal and Child Health through Community-Based Participatory Focus Groups: Social Risks Assessment.

Little is known about the patterns of risk factors experienced by communities of color and how diverse community contexts shape the health trajectory of women from the early childhood period to the time of their pregnancies. Thus, we conducted a focus group study to identify social risks over the life course that contribute to maternal and child health from the perspective of community members residing in low income urban areas. Ten community-based participatory focus groups were conducted with residents from selected communities in Tampa, Florida, from September to November 2013.