Evaluation of 18 CT signs in diagnosing cecal volvulus: a multi-reader retrospective study.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance and reliability of 18 CT signs to diagnose cecal volvulus, a surgical emergency, versus a group of non-volvulus mimickers.

Materials And Methods: Four radiologists retrospectively and independently assessed 18 CT signs in 191 patients with cecal volvulus (n = 63) or a non-volvulus control group ((n = 128), including cecal bascule (n = 19), mobile cecum (n = 95), and colonic pseudo-obstruction (n = 14)) at a single institution from 2013 to 2021. Fleiss' kappa coefficient was used to assess inter-reader agreement.

Biopsychosocial determinants of opioid use disorder (OUD) and implications for maternal and child health research: A scoping review.

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is on the rise among women of reproductive age in the United States, contributing to a marked increase in the incidence of adverse consequences on maternal and child health (MCH). There is a dearth of literature on the biopsychosocial determinants of OUD in MCH populations and their role in the current opioid epidemic. The aim of this study is to examine the epidemiology of OUD in the United States and develop a biopsychosocial research model of OUD among women of reproductive age.

Impact of sickle cell disease and thalassemias in infants on birth outcomes.

Objective: The contribution of sickle cell disease (SCD) and other common thalassemias in infants to adverse birth outcomes is under-studied. We therefore sought to compare adverse birth outcomes in infants with and without hemoglobinopathy.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study utilizing a population-based dataset from Florida (1998-2007, n=1,564,038).

Small size for gestational age and the risk for infant mortality in the subsequent pregnancy.

Purpose: To examine the association between small for gestational age (SGA) in the first pregnancy and risk for infant mortality in the second pregnancy.

Methods: This is a population-based, retrospective cohort study in which we used the Missouri maternally linked cohort dataset for 1978-2005. Analyses were restricted to women who had two singleton pregnancies during the study period.

The missing link in preconceptional care: the role of comparative effectiveness research.

This paper discusses an important element that is missing from the existing algorithm of preconception care, namely, comparative effectiveness research (CER). To our knowledge, there has been limited assessment of the comparative effectiveness of diverse interventions that promote preconception health, conditions under which these are most effective, for which particular populations, and their comparative costs. CER can improve the decision making process for the funding, development, implementation, and evaluation of comprehensive preconception care programs, specifically by identifying the most effective interventions with acceptable costs to society.

Engaging fathers in behavioral parent training: listening to fathers' voices.

This is a qualitative study documenting the experiences of fathers who participated in the Helping Our Toddlers, Developing Our Children's Skills (HOT DOCS) behavioral parent training (BPT) series and later agreed to participate in a focus group. Focus groups methodology was used to capture the voices and perspectives of fathers regarding the benefits and barriers to their participation in BPT. The focus group interviews were conducted in both English and in Spanish, with three cohorts of male caregivers who were participants in HOT DOCS from 2006 to 2008.

Adaptation of a behavioral parent-training curriculum for Hispanic caregivers: HOT DOCS Español.

This article presents the process utilized to adapt a behavioral parent-training curriculum for Hispanic caregivers from a program currently available in English. Throughout this process, a number of cultural and language elements were identified as needing to be modified to meet the needs of the Hispanic population served. Fidelity and fit were balanced to develop a curriculum acceptable to diverse Hispanic caregivers while also incorporating all the essential elements of a theory-based approach to training caregivers.