Factors influencing participation of elderly population in mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The success of mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination relies on achieving a participation rate of at least 65% within the endemic community. However, participation of sub-population in the community varies and a significant treatment gap among the elderly population, remains to be addressed. The present study explores the factors influencing the elderly participation in MDA and propose possible solutions to bridge the gap.

Exploring potential application of anti-dengue NS1 human polyclonal antibodies for detection of dengue virus infection.

Dengue, a vector-borne disease, affects nearly 400 million people annually. Although commercially available dengue NS1 antigen-based ELISA kits are simple and rapid, they are expensive as monoclonal antibodies are used in these tests, and also, they have short expiry dates. As an alternative, the polyclonal antibodies generated against dengue NS1 antigen from the individuals who recovered from the dengue infection (human polyclonal antibodies against dengue; HuPA-D) can be explored for the detection of NS1 antigen in the dengue virus (DENV) infected patients' sera.

Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit Is Useful for Detection of Recombinant and Secretory Nonstructural-1 Protein Antigen of Dengue Virus.

Dengue is a mosquito-borne tropical disease, caused by the Dengue virus (DENV). It has become a severe problem and is a rising threat to public health. In this study, we have evaluated commercial Merilisa i Dengue NS1 Antigen kit (Meril LifeSciences India Pvt.

Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in mosquitoes in areas co-endemic with Brugia malayi in Balasore district, Odisha, India.

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a crippling and disfiguring parasitic condition. India accounts for 55% of the world's LF burden. The filarial parasite Wuchereria bancrofti is known to cause 99.

Dysbiosis in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

The human gut microbiota fosters the development of a dynamic group of microorganisms impacted by diverse variables that include genetics, diet, infection, stress, ingested drugs, such as antibiotics and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) as well as the gut microbiota itself. These factors may influence the change in microbial composition, which results in dysbiosis (microbial imbalance) and exposes the gut to pathogenic insults. Dysbiosis is incidental to the etiology of inflammatory diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Renal dysfunction in routine proton-pump inhibitor use may be linked to comorbidities: A real-world observational study.

Introduction: The use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) is linked with infrequent but serious adverse events, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progression of CKD. Data on renal safety in routine use of PPI are more relevant to clinical practice. We studied whether such use of PPI is associated with renal dysfunction.

Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in wild caught vector and non-vector mosquitoes: implications for elimination of lymphatic filariasis.

Background: Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) is the WHO recommended method used for decision-making to stop or continue the MDA in lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination programme. The WHO has also recommended Molecular Xenomonitoring (MX) of LF infection in vectors as an adjunct tool in settings under post-MDA or validation period. Screening of non-vectors by MX in post-MDA / validation settings could be useful to prevent a resurgence of LF infection, as there might be low abundance of vectors, especially in some seasons.

Self-reported food intolerances in an Indian population: Need for individualization rather than a universal low-FODMAP diet.

Background And Aim: Low-fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyol (FODMAP) diets have been recommended for individuals with food intolerance and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Individual food intolerances may, however, not correspond to the FODMAP content alone.

Methods: We conducted a survey on self-reported intolerance to articles of food commonly identified as high FODMAP in 400 healthy Indian subjects (median age 40 years; 69% men) and 204 consecutive consenting patients with IBS (median age 36 years; 58% men).

A prospective study of inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes in extremes of age and comparison with adults.

Background And Aims: Pediatric and elderly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are less explored, often in retrospective studies. The pediatric group has a more extensive and aggressive disease phenotype requiring aggressive treatments, whereas the elderly group may have less aggressive diseases.

Methods: We prospectively compared disease characteristics of a single center cohort of IBD patients (pediatric age ≤ 16 years; adults 17 to 59 years; and elderly ≥ 60 years) seen between September 2018 and November 2019 with at least six months of follow-up.

Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults: A guideline by the Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association and jointly supported by the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association (INMA), earlier named the Indian Motility and Functional Diseases Association developed this evidence-based practice guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 28 statements, which were concerning diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and comorbidities, investigations, lifestyle modifications and treatments. Owing to the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, lockdowns and mobility restrictions, web-based meetings and electronic voting were the major tools used to develop this consensus.

Ten-day concomitant and sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori effective in region with high antibiotic resistance rates.

Background: Increasing antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains complicate efforts to eradicate infection. In regions with high dual resistance to both clarithromycin and metronidazole, bismuth quadruple therapy is recommended.

Intra- and inter-observer agreement in the classification of dyssynergic defecation on high-resolution anorectal manometry using water-perfusion system.

Background And Aims: Dyssynergic defecation (DD) classified on anorectal manometry is based on variations in anal sphincter pressures and rectal pressure generated during bearing down. There is a paucity of data on intra- and inter-observer agreement in the classification of DD on high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) using a water-perfusion system.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted between June 2014 and May 2016 on 70 adult patients with DD.

Detection of recombinant dengue virus 2 NS1 protein in mosquitoes using commercial Dengue NS1 ELISA kit.

Dengue, a vector-borne disease remains as one of the most serious public health problems globally. Incidence of this disease is on an increasing trend and currently over a billion people in tropical and subtropical regions are at risk. In the absence of an operational vaccine, prevention of dengue virus (DENV) is primarily focused upon controlling mosquito vectors.

Risk factors for bleeding in people living with hemophilia A and B treated with regular prophylaxis: A systematic review of the literature.

Background: Knowledge about the risk for bleeding in patients with hemophilia (PWH) would be relevant for patients, stakeholders, and policy makers.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review of the literature on risk assessment models (RAMs) and risk factors for bleeding in PWH on regular prophylaxis.

Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception through August 2019.

Factors influencing circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for liver diseases.

MicroRNAs (microRNAs) have been implicated to play crucial roles in various liver diseases. Hepatic microRNAs are released in to the circulation in a systematic fashion, and are, therefore, being extensively explored for their role as prognostic or diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets for numerous hepatic diseases. Advantages such as disease- or tissue-specific expression, and ease of detection have implicated circulating microRNAs (c-microRNAs) as the most desirable candidate for biomarker studies.

Accuracy and Acceptability of Wrist-Wearable Activity-Tracking Devices: Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Numerous wrist-wearable devices to measure physical activity are currently available, but there is a need to unify the evidence on how they compare in terms of acceptability and accuracy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review of the literature to assess the accuracy and acceptability (willingness to use the device for the task it is designed to support) of wrist-wearable activity trackers.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus for studies measuring physical activity in the general population using wrist-wearable activity trackers.

Dengue NS1 antigen kit shows high sensitivity for detection of recombinant dengue virus-2 NS1 antigen spiked with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Dengue, caused by the dengue virus (DENV) is a significant vector-borne disease. In absence of a specific treatment and vaccine, dengue is becoming a rising threat to public health. Currently, control of dengue mainly focuses on the surveillance of the mosquito vectors.

Self-reported Wheat Sensitivity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Subjects: Prevalence of Celiac Markers and Response to Wheat-free Diet.

Background/aims: Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) report food-related aggravation of symptoms. Wheat/gluten is one of the most commonly incriminated. We studied the prevalence of self-reported wheat sensitivity in patients with IBS and in a healthy population from a region in India consuming mixed-cereal diets, correlated it with serological and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) markers of celiac disease, and evaluated the response to a wheat-free diet.

Aptamers: An Emerging Tool for Diagnosis and Therapeutics in Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) has been plaguing human civilization for centuries, and currently around one-third of the global population is affected with TB. Development of novel intervention tools for early diagnosis and therapeutics against () is the main thrust area in today's scenario. In this direction global efforts were made to use aptamers, the chemical antibodies as tool for TB diagnostics and therapeutics.

Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: The Bhubaneswar Consensus Report of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) felt the need to organize a consensus on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and to update the current management of H. pylori infection; hence, ISG constituted the ISG's Task Force on Helicobacter pylori.

Is the rise in Crohn's disease in India accompanied by a fall in intestinal tuberculosis? A single-center experience.

Introduction: The relationship between the incidence of intestinal tuberculosis (TB) and Crohn's disease (CD) is interesting, especially considering the striking similarity between the two conditions. Some studies from Asian populations suggested that the incidence of intestinal TB decreases when there is an increase in CD.

Aim: To compare the incidence trend between intestinal TB and CD over 15 years.