Loading and kinematic profiles for patellofemoral durability testing.

Patellar complications after total knee replacement (TKR), such as maltracking, fracture, wear, and loosening, can lead to implant failure and revision surgery. However, few in vitro patellofemoral durability tests for the implanted joint have been developed. Existing standards for patellofemoral loading profiles (ISO 14243-5, draft) are generic (not implant-specific) and do not include patient variability.