Liver Cirrhosis of Unknown Etiology and Its Predictors in Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: The global burden of liver cirrhosis is increasing, with 2.1 million incident cases and nearly 1.5 million deaths in 2019.

Copy Number Variation in the and Genes and the Risk of Liver Cirrhosis in Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase M1 () and T1 () can cause an entire gene deletion. The current methodology can accurately identify and copy number variants (CNVs), which may shed light on the true contribution of each gene copy to the cellular detoxification process and disease risk. Because liver cirrhosis is becoming a critical worldwide health issue, this study determined the CNVs of and and their relationship to the risk of liver cirrhosis.

Contribution of Aflatoxin B Exposure to Liver Cirrhosis in Eastern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Liver cirrhosis is a global health problem due to a large number of disability-associated life years and mortality. However, evidence is scarce on its causes in Eastern-Ethiopia, a place where there is a high prevalence of liver cirrhosis of unknown etiology. This study attempted to identify the risk factors related to liver cirrhosis in the area.

Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal side effects: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Antipsychotic agents are the basis for the pharmacological management of acute and chronic schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, mood disorders with psychotic feature, and other psychotic disorders. Antipsychotic medication use is frequently associated with unfavorable adverse effects such as extrapyramidal side effects (EPSEs). Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to determine the magnitude of antipsychotic-induced EPSEs.

Polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity and its predictors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted using RIFLE criteria of acute kidney injury.

Polymyxins are last-resort antibiotics re-emerged to treat infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, polymyxin-associated nephrotoxicity has become the main safety concern. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis on polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity and its predictors using studies conducted based on the validated RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of Function and End-stage renal disease) criteria of acute kidney damage.

The relationship between advanced glycation end products and gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which women without history of diabetes experience hyperglycemia during pregnancy, especially at the second and third trimesters. In women who have had GDM, an elevated body mass index (BMI) may have a substantial impact for persistent hyperglycemia in their lives after gestation. Beyond hyperglycemia, increased local oxidative stress directly promotes the formation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs).

Anti-Cancer Effects of Lycopene in Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most diagnosed cancer and the third important cause of cancer-related death. As there are only two targeted drugs for the treatment of advanced HCC-that merely extend survival by a few months-the need for alternative treatments is inevitable. Lycopene, a carotenoid that is known to be most abundant in red tomatoes and tomato-based products, has been investigated for its anticancer activity in various types of cancers including HCC.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of lifestyle modification recommended for hypertension management and the associated factors among adult hypertensive patients in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia.

Introduction: Hypertension is an overwhelming global challenge. Appropriate lifestyle modifications are the cornerstone for the prevention and control of hypertension. In this regard, lack of knowledge and poor attitude toward lifestyle modification have been a major setback.

Prescription drugs use during pregnancy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The selection of safe drugs for pregnant women in developing countries, such as Ethiopia, where there are limited options of drugs would be challenging. Hence, the aim of this review was to determine the extent of prescribed drugs use and their potential to cause fetal harm among pregnant women in Ethiopia based on the United States Food and Drug Administration risk category.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified through systematic searches conducted in PubMed, HINARI, Google Scholar and Researchgate.

Aflatoxins as a risk factor for liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Liver cirrhosis is characterized by fibrosis and nodule formation in the liver, due to a chronic injury, and subsequent alteration of the normal architecture of the liver. Even though there is a huge effort to elucidate the possible etiologic factors of liver cirrhosis, a significant number of cases are cryptogenic, especially in Sub Saharan Africa, where there is a high burden of aflatoxin exposure. Aflatoxins are known to cause hepatocellular carcinoma, which share similar etiologic factors with liver cirrhosis.

Evaluation of Medication Use Pattern Among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Using WHO Prescribing Indicators.

Background: Ensuring rational drug use requires ongoing evaluation of drug prescribing, dispensing, and use by patients. Health care providers working in an emergency department face unique challenges, including making urgent decisions, patient overload, and limited resources, which contribute to inappropriate drug use. Rational medication use should be an important aspect of emergency care to improve patient outcomes.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude among Pharmacists toward Pharmaceutical Care in Eastern Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess knowledge and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care service among hospital and community pharmacists working in Harar and Dire Dawa town, Eastern Ethiopia.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists working in hospital and community pharmacies, 2018. A total of 43 health settings (6 hospital and 37 community pharmacies) were involved in this study.

Monotherapy with Metformin versus Sulfonylureas and Risk of Cancer in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinemia are at an increased risk of developing malignancies. It remains to be fully elucidated whether the use of metformin, an insulin sensitizer, and/or sulfonylureas, insulin secretagogues, affects cancer incidence in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to compare the risk of cancer incidence associated with monotherapy with metformin compared with monotherapy with sulfonylureas in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis and Associated Factors among TB-HIV Co-Infected Patients at Public Hospitals of Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia. A five-year retrospective study.

Background: The bidirectional relationship between the twin epidemics of Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes major global health challenges in the twenty-first century. TB-HIV co-infected people are facing multifaceted problems like high lost to follow up rates, poor treatment adherence, high TB recurrence rate, and high mortality risk. Our objective was to assess the outcomes of TB treatment and associated factors among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Harar town, Eastern part of Ethiopia, 2018.

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors among TB Patients Attending Public Hospitals in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a major public health threat throughout the world particularly in developing countries. Evaluating the treatment outcome of tuberculosis and identifying the associated factors should be an integral part of tuberculosis treatment.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the treatment outcome of tuberculosis and its associated factors among TB patients in the TB clinics of Harar public hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia, 2017.