Sulforaphane inhibits histone deacetylase causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous carcinoma cells.

Background: Biologic compounds have recently generated interest in cancer chemoprevention. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate from cruciferous vegetables, has profound epigenetic actions. Since epigenetic aetiology is crucial for oral cancer, this study evaluated the role of SFN in oral cancer prevention.

Short-term Efficacy and Safety of Topical β-Blockers (Timolol Maleate Ophthalmic Solution, 0.5%) in Acute Migraine: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Importance: Oral β-blockers used for the prevention of migraine headache are not effective for the treatment of acute pain. Small case series have suggested that topically applied β-blockers may be useful in the management of acute migraine pain, warranting evaluation with randomized clinical trials.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of topically applied timolol maleate ophthalmic solution, 0.

Validation of the Malayalam Version of Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Pain Scale in Cancer Patients in the Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Objective: The Self-administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) is a 7-item self-report scale developed to identify pain which is of predominantly neuropathic origin. The aim of this study was to develop a Malayalam version of the LANSS and to test its validity and reliability in chronic pain patients.

Methodology: We enrolled 101 Malayalam-speaking chronic pain patients who visited the Division of Palliative Medicine, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Evaluation of fetal hypermethylated RASSF1A in pre-eclampsia and its relationship with placental protein-13, pregnancy associated plasma protein-A and urine protein.

Objectives: Cell free fetal DNA (cffDNA) and its hypermethylated RASSF1A gene signify a recent advancement in non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of feto-placental anomalies like pre-eclampsia. The study uses hypermethylated RASSF1A gene to quantify cffDNA and to assess its relationship with placental and urine proteins in pre-eclampsia cases.

Design And Methods: DNA was isolated from plasma samples of clinically diagnosed cases of pre-eclampsia (n=103) and normal pregnancy (n=616) from 21weeks of gestation.

Fetal-specific hypermethylated RASSF1A quantification in pregnancy.

Objective: To quantify cell free fetal DNA (cffDNA) with fetal specific epigenetic marker, hypermethylated RASSF1A, in maternal plasma of normal pregnant women from 20 weeks of gestation and to assess its relationship with maternal age, height, pre-pregnancy weight and body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Hundred normal pregnant women within the gestational age of 21-40 weeks were randomly selected and grouped into five (n = 20). Group 1: 21-24, Group 2: 25-28, Group 3: 29-32, Group 4: 33-36 and Group 5: 37-40 weeks.

Intradural cavernous lymphangioma of the thoracic spine: case report, technical considerations, and review of the literature.

Background Context: Cavernous lymphangioma is a rare slow-growing tumor that can cause neurologic compromise when it involves the central nervous system. Involvement of the spinal column is rare but may involve the osseous structures or the epidural space of the spinal column.

Purpose: We report the first case of an intradural, extramedullary cavernous lymphangioma involving the thoracic spinal cord.

Autologous blood versus fibrin glue for conjunctival autograft adherence in sutureless pterygium surgery: a randomised controlled trial.

Aims: To assess the efficacy of securing conjunctival autograft (CAG) without glue or sutures, using the patient's own blood at the surgical site, and to compare it with the current accepted standard of using fibrin glue for graft adherence, in pterygium surgery.

Methods: A single-centre, prospective, randomised controlled trial was carried out in 200 eyes of patients with primary pterygia who were advised pterygium excision with CAG. Enrolled participants were assigned to Group I or II by randomisation.

Effect of ion-implantation on surface characteristics of nickel titanium and titanium molybdenum alloy arch wires.

Aim: To evaluate the changes in surface roughness and frictional features of 'ion-implanted nickel titanium (NiTi) and titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA) arch wires' from its conventional types in an in-vitro laboratory set up.

Materials And Methods: 'Ion-implanted NiTi and low friction TMA arch wires' were assessed for surface roughness with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3 dimensional (3D) optical profilometry. Frictional forces were studied in a universal testing machine.

Comparative evaluation of frictional forces in active and passive self-ligating brackets with various archwire alloys.

Introduction: Self-ligating brackets are claimed to eliminate or minimize the force of ligation at the bracket-wire interface; therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the frictional features of contemporary self-ligating brackets with different archwire alloys.

Methods: This in-vitro study compared the effects of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta-titanium archwires on frictional forces of passive and active self-ligating brackets with a conventional bracket. All brackets had 0.

The Becton Dickinson FocalPoint GS Imaging System: clinical trials demonstrate significantly improved sensitivity for the detection of important cervical lesions.

Location-guided screening in cervical cytology offers a potentially significant advance over routine manual screening. A prospective, 2-armed, masked clinical trial of the BD FocalPoint GS Imaging System using SurePath slides (BD Diagnostics-TriPath, Burlington, NC) compared routine manual screening and quality control rescreening with computer-assisted, field-of-view screening and device-directed quality control rescreening. The results obtained in the 2 arms were compared with adjudicated reference diagnoses for each slide.

Barriers to free antiretroviral treatment access for female sex workers in Chennai, India.

India's National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) provides free first-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) at government centers for people living with HIV. To assist in developing policies and programs to ensure equity in ART access, we explored barriers to ART access among female sex workers (FSWs) living with HIV in Chennai. Between August and November 2007, we conducted three focus group discussions and two key informant interviews.

Tiagabine for posttraumatic stress disorder: effects of open-label and double-blind discontinuation treatment.

Rationale: Preliminary results suggest a potential benefit of agents that enhance gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Objectives: It is the aim of this study to evaluate the effect of a selective GABA reuptake inhibitor (SGRI), tiagabine, in patients with PTSD.

Methods: Twenty-nine adult outpatients with PTSD were treated with open-label tiagabine for 12 weeks.

Trauma and posttraumatic stress in users of the Anxiety Disorders Association of America Web site.

The Web site for the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA) receives more than 5 million visits per month and thus represents a unique medium for the study of anxiety disorders. ADAA Web site users from October 2002 to January 2003 were invited to complete a survey oriented toward trauma history and psychiatric sequelae. A diagnostic approximation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was based on responses to the Trauma Questionnaire, the Davidson Trauma Scale, and questions about impairment.

Explanatory attributions of anxiety and recovery in a study of kava.

Objective: A need exists to understand illness attribution and treatment beliefs among those seeking botanical treatment for anxiety. The objectives of this study are to evaluate explanatory beliefs about reasons for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and to evaluate the extent to which subjects thought different approaches might be most helpful, in a study of botanical treatment.

Design: Post hoc analysis of data from two similarly randomized controlled clinical trails.

Study on the gill of field crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromus (Herbst.) exposed to nickel.

Paratelphusa hydrodromus (Herbst.) was exposed to 50 ppm nickel chloride solution for a period of 10 days under laboratory conditions. The gills of the treated and non-treated animals were sectioned, stained and examined under a compound microscope and noticed significant changes such as enlargement of gill lamellae, lifting up and rupture of epithelial cells, enlargement of mid rachis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy, appearance of pyknotic nuclei and a general necrosis in the treated gills.

Effectiveness of chromium in atypical depression: a placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Chromium picolinate (CP) has been reported to benefit patients with symptoms of atypical depression.

Methods: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot study of CP was conducted in 15 patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder, atypical type. Patients received 600 micro g of CP or matching placebo (PBO) for 8 weeks.