Objective: To report a transnasal, endoscopically guided ventral surgical approach for accessing the cranial and caudal segments of the sphenopalatine sinus for mass removal in a horse.
Study Design: Case report.
Animal: Adult horse with acute onset blindness referable to a soft tissue mass within the sphenopalatine sinus.
Some cats develop blindness during procedures with mouth gags, which possibly relates to maxillary arterial occlusion by opening the mouth. Our first aim was to use computed tomography (CT) to describe how vascular compression is possible based on morphologic differences between mouth positions. Our second aim was to use nonselective digital subtraction angiography to assess whether opening the mouth induces collateral circulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pulmonary veins were identified from the silicone endocast heart models of 19 dogs. Although variation in the number of the more peripheral veins on each specimen existed, all of the casts had a consistency with regards to the most proximal coalescence of the pulmonary veins as they entered the body of the left atrium. That is, the confluence of the veins formed three ostia at the atrial entry point that consisted of 1) right cranial and right middle pulmonary lobe veins; 2) right caudal, accessory, and left caudal pulmonary lobe veins; and 3) both the left cranial and left caudal pulmonary lobe veins of the left cranial lung lobe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring computed tomography (CT), the appearance of disease involving the pulmonary acinus may be described using terms such as atelectasis, ground-glass opacity, or consolidation. These CT signs, however, have not been correlated with histologic findings in canine pulmonary disease. To facilitate interpretation of lung diseases by CT signs, our goals were to review the morphologic organization of the lung and evaluate the medical records of four dogs with different types of pulmonary acinar disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of therapeutic vaccines for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been hampered by host immune tolerance and the generally low magnitude and inconsistent immune responses to conventional vaccines and proposed new delivery methods. Electroporation (EP) for plasmid DNA (pDNA) vaccine delivery has demonstrated the enhanced immunogenicity of HBV antigens in various animal models. In the present study, the efficiency of the EP-based delivery of pDNA expressing various reporter genes first was evaluated in normal woodchucks, and then the immunogenicity of an analog woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) surface antigen (WHsAg) pDNA vaccine was studied in this model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To describe an ultrasound-guided technique and the anatomical basis for three clinically useful nerve blocks in dogs.
Study Design: Prospective experimental trial.
Animals: Four hound-cross dogs aged 2 +/- 0 years (mean +/- SD) weighing 30 +/- 5 kg and four Beagles aged 2 +/- 0 years and weighing 8.
Objective: To describe anatomic considerations and arthroscopic technique in horses for arthroscopic removal of palmar/plantar osteochondral fragments from the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint.
Study Design: Retrospective study.
Animals: Adult horses (n=4) with osteochondral fragments of the palmar/plantar PIP joint.