Expediting pathogen genomics adoption for enhanced foodborne disease surveillance in Africa.

The role of genomics in public health surveillance has been accentuated by its crucial contributions during the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrating its potential in addressing global disease outbreaks. While Africa has made strides in expanding multi-pathogen genomic surveillance, the integration into foodborne disease (FBD) surveillance remains nascent. Here we highlight the critical components to strengthen and scale-up the integration of whole genome sequencing (WGS) in foodborne disease surveillance across the continent.

Helicobacter pylori Management in Africa: A Survey of Diagnostic, Treatment, and Related Resources.

Background: Although Helicobacter pylori infection (H. pylori) prevalence in Africa has declined in the last decade, it remains concerningly high. H.

Molecular Epidemiology and AMR Perspective of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) persistently challenges public health in Africa, contributing substantially to the diarrhoeal disease burden. This systematic review and meta-analysis illuminate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of DEC pathotypes across the continent.

Methods: The review selectively focused on pathotype-specific studies reporting prevalence and/or AMR of human-derived DEC pathotypes from African nations, excluding data from extra-intestinal, animal, and environmental sources and studies focused on drug and mechanism experiments.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of determinants that mediate antimicrobial resistance in strains of clinical origin in South-Western Nigeria.

Background: Multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens employ different mechanisms in evading the action of antibiotics. Multidrug resistance is wide spread among strains of implicated in several infections including urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, meningitis and bacteraemia.

Aim/objective: This study investigates the antibiotic resistance profile, efflux pump activity and biofilm formation ability of strains isolated from clinical samples.

Antimicrobial resistance genetic determinants and susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria.

Background: Genetic determinants are known to promote antibiotic resistance through horizontal gene transfer.

Methods: We molecularly characterized integrons, plasmid replicon types and metallo-β-lactamase-encoding genes of 38 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical samples.

Results: The P.

Helicobacter pylori Diagnosis and Treatment in Africa: The First Lagos Consensus Statement of the African Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most prevalent type of bacterial infection. Current guidelines from different regions of the world neglect specific African conditions and requirements.

Antibiotic Resistance and Plasmid Replicon Types of Non-Typhoidal Serovars Isolated From Food Animals and Humans in Lagos, Nigeria.

Multidrug resistance and invasiveness of non-typhoidal (NTS) serovars have in recent times brought to the fore the public health risk associated with salmonellosis. This study was aimed at profiling NTS serovars isolated from food animals and humans for their susceptibility to antibiotics and plasmid replicon types. Forty seven NTS serovars were profiled for their susceptibility to antibiotics using the disk diffusion method.

Comparative Molecular Analysis and Antigenicity Prediction of an Outer Membrane Protein (ompC) of Non-typhoidal Serovars Isolated from Different Food Animals in Lagos, Nigeria.

Non-typhoidal (NTS) infections occur globally with high morbidity and mortality. The public health challenge caused is exacerbated by increasing rate of antibiotic resistance and absence of NTS vaccine. In this study, we characterized the outer membrane protein C () serovars isolated from different food animals and predicted antigenicity.

Antibiotic prescription practices amongst veterinarians in Nigeria.

The high rate of antibiotic resistance constitutes a global threat to the continuous use of these drugs, because of increasing treatment failures. The aim of this study was to survey antibiotic prescription practices of veterinarians and the possible contribution to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in Nigeria during the COVID era. This was a cross-sectional study that used a 33-question survey questionnaire administered to registered veterinarians in Nigeria.

Helicobacter pylori Infection in Africa: Update of the Current Situation and Challenges.

Background: The burden of Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) in Africa remains high with varying levels of prevalence among children and adults reported in different regions of the continent. Persistent and uneradicated HPI could result in gastric cancer, although less severe pathological outcomes have been reported among Africans - the so-called "African enigma."

Summary: Analysis of endoscopic findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract demonstrates similarities with that of patients from the West.

Molecular and phenotypic characterization of efflux pump and biofilm in multi-drug resistant non-typhoidal Serovars isolated from food animals and handlers in Lagos Nigeria.

Background: Multidrug resistance efflux pumps and biofilm formation are mechanisms by which bacteria can evade the actions of many antimicrobials. Antibiotic resistant non-typhoidal serovars have become wide spread causing infections that result in high morbidity and mortality globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efflux pump activity and biofilm forming capability of multidrug resistant non-typhoidal (NTS) serovars isolated from food handlers and animals (cattle, chicken and sheep) in Lagos.

Evaluation of efflux pump activity and biofilm formation in multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a Federal Medical Center in Nigeria.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa an opportunistic pathogen, is widely associated with nosocomial infections and exhibits resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile, biofilm formation and efflux pump activity of Pseudomonas strains isolated from clinical samples in Abeokuta Ogun state Nigeria.

Methods: Fifty suspected Pseudomonas isolates were characterized by standard biochemical tests and PCR using Pseudomonas species -specific primers.

Evolving Technologies in Gastrointestinal Microbiome Era and Their Potential Clinical Applications.

The human gastrointestinal microbiota (GIM) is a complex and diverse ecosystem that consists of community of fungi, viruses, protists and majorly bacteria. The association of several human illnesses, such as inflammatory bowel disease, allergy, metabolic syndrome and cancers, have been linked directly or indirectly to compromise in the integrity of the GIM, for which some medical interventions have been proposed or attempted. This review highlights and gives update on various technologies, including microfluidics, high-through-put sequencing, metabolomics, metatranscriptomics and culture in GIM research and their applications in gastrointestinal microbiota therapy, with a view to raise interest in the evaluation, validation and eventual use of these technologies in diagnosis and the incorporation of therapies in routine clinical practice.

Efflux pump activity, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance profile of Klebsiella spp. isolated from clinical samples at Lagos University Teaching Hospital.

Objective: Nosocomial and community acquired multidrug resistant Klebsiella infections are wide spread resulting in high morbidity and mortality due to limited number of antibiotics treatment options. This study investigated efflux pump activity, biofilm forming potential and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Klebsiella spp. isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary hospital in Lagos Nigeria.

Plasmid profile and role in virulence of salmonella enterica serovars isolated from food animals and humans in Lagos Nigeria.

Infections caused by non-typhoidal (NTS) are common around the world, with high morbidity and mortality rates recorded annually. serovars harbor plasmids of various sizes which may play roles in antibiotic resistance and virulence. The aim of this study was to profile and determine the role of plasmids in ciprofloxacin resistance and virulence of serovars.

Molecular diversity and antibiotic resistance gene profile of serovars isolated from humans and food animals in Lagos, Nigeria.

Outbreaks of remain a major public health problem globally. This study determined the diversity and antibiotic resistance gene profile of serovars isolated from humans and food animals. Using standard methods, spp.

Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Isolated from Poultry Farms in Lagos Nigeria - A Pilot Study.

and are among the leading causes of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, particularly in Africa. Poultry remains a major source of species and a vector of transmission to humans. This pilot study was aimed at isolating and determining the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of spp.

Correction to: Recurrent cholera epidemics in Africa: which way forward? A literature review.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. In the introduction, the infectious dose of Vibrio cholerae was written as 103-108 instead of 10-10 cells.

Recurrent cholera epidemics in Africa: which way forward? A literature review.

Background: Outbreaks of cholera in Africa seem to be unrelenting which has been continuous and recurrent leading to high morbidity and mortality in some quarters.

Objective: The objective of this narrative review is to investigate and identify factors responsible for the recurrent outbreaks of cholera in Africa and response strategies that have been employed in curbing the problem, with the view of aggregating otherwise sparing data needed for policy formulation geared towards control and eradication of the disease.

Methods: Search of literatures indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed and AJOL databases was carried out.

Distribution of resistance genes encoding ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from biological samples in health centers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Objective: Resistance to antibiotics most especially third generation cephalosporins has assumed a worrisome dimension globally. Genes conferring these resistance which are mediated by enzymes known as extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are now wide spread among several Enterobacteriaceae species. However there is paucity of data regarding the distribution of these genes in Burkina Faso.