Gender differences in perception of psychosocial distress and coping mechanisms among infertile men and women in Saudi Arabia.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the differences in psychosocial distress and coping mechanisms among infertile men and women in Saudi Arabia (SA). We performed a cross-sectional study of infertile patients (206 women and 200 men) attending infertility clinics in three referral hospitals in Riyadh, SA. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed to assess socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables.

Insertion and deletion polymorphism in the alpha-2B adrenoceptor gene in pregnant women ripens gestational diabetes mellitus.

There are no earlier studies that reported the association of the 12Glu9 polymorphism in the alpha-2B adrenoceptor (ADRA2B) gene with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We examined the potential association between the ADRA2B gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Saudi population with GDM. Pregnant women with GDM have been reported to exhibit the same susceptibility as that observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Psychiatric disorders among infertile men and women attending three infertility clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objectives: No study has assessed psychiatric disorders among infertile men and women seeking fertility treatment in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, we sought to measure the rate of psychiatric disorders in this population.

Design And Setting: This was a cross-sectional observational study among patients attending infertility clinics at three referral hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 2013 and September 2014.

The genetic polymorphism in the STK11 does not affect gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity that develops during pregnancy. Recent studies indicate that GDM onset is rapid, and that women with GDM will develop other metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in their future. Serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) is engaged in the insulin signaling pathway and encoded protein is an important activator of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase.

The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among Saudi women attending the infertility clinic in Central Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection among Saudi women, its clinical presentation, and its association to infertility.

Methods: This study was conducted between October 2012 and July 2013 at King Khalid University Hospital and King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Relationship between the paraoxonase 1 gene glutamine 192 to arginine polymorphism and gestational diabetes mellitus in Saudi women.

Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is recognized as an imbalance between insulin resistance and insulin secretion, leading to maternal hyperglycemia. Previous studies in a Saudi population indicated a high frequency of Paraoxonase 1 glutamine 192 to arginine (PON1 Q192R) polymorphism, suggesting this polymorphism as an additional risk factor. The present study was designed to explore the possible association between the PON1 Q192R polymorphism and GDM in a Saudi population.

Sex differences in regional specialisation across the placental surface.

There may be regional specialisation in structure and function across the placental surface. In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, the length and the breadth of the placental surface at birth were highly correlated, but the breadth was more closely associated with the size of the baby. To replicate this we studied 321 pregnant Saudi women in the town of Baish.

Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) Gly927Arg: correlation with gestational diabetes mellitus in Saudi women.

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share a common pathophysiology associated with similar risk factors. Genetic variants used to determine the risk of developing T2DM might also be associated with the prevalence of GDM. The aim of the present study was to scrutinize the relationship between the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene with GDM in the Saudi female population.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis in Saudi Arabia.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) testing is the practice of obtaining a cellular biopsy sample from a developing human oocyte or embryo, acquired via a cycle of in vitro fertilization (IVF); evaluating the genetic composition of this sample; and using this information to determine which embryos will be optimal for subsequent uterine transfer. PGD has become an increasingly useful adjunct to IVF procedures. The ability to provide couples who are known carriers of genetic abnormalities the opportunity to deliver healthy babies has opened a new frontier in reproductive medicine.

The velocity of fetal growth is associated with the breadth of the placental surface, but not with the length.

Objectives: Studies of the placenta in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia have led to the suggestion that tissue along the length and breadth of its surface has different functions. A recent study in Saudi Arabia showed that the body size of newborn babies was related to the breadth of the surface at birth but not to its length. We have now examined whether the association between placental breadth and body size reflects large size of the baby from an early stage of gestation or rapid growth between early and late gestation.

Intergenerational effects of in utero exposure to Ramadan in Tunisia.

Unlabelled: We have reported that changes in the lifestyle of pregnant women during Ramadan affect more than one generation. In a series of newborn babies in Saudi Arabia, those whose mothers had been in utero during Ramadan differed from those whose mothers had not been in utero during Ramadan. These were unexpected findings and require replication.

The breadth of the placental surface but not the length is associated with body size at birth.

Studies of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia led to the suggestion that the surface of the placenta is aligned along two axes, measured by its breadth and length. It was hypothesised that tissue along the breadth serves as a nutrient sensor, responding to the mother's nutritional state and fetal nutritional demands, while tissue along the length has different functions. To develop this hypothesis we measured the breadth and length of the placental surface in 401 neonates born in the King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and related these measurements to the baby's body size.

Sex differences in birth size and intergenerational effects of intrauterine exposure to Ramadan in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: In Europe, boys and girls have different body proportions at birth. We examined newborn babies in Saudi Arabia to determine the sex differences and whether fetal growth differed if the mother was in utero during Ramadan.

Methods: We examined body size at birth among 967 babies (479 boys and 488 girls) born in Unizah, a small city in Saudi Arabia.

Secular increase in placental weight in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Ramadan is an annual period of day-time fasting during which people in Saudi Arabia, including pregnant women, change their diets and physical activity. We recently reported that among babies who were in the second or third trimester of gestation during Ramadan placental growth slowed. We also found that, over the four years of the study, placental weight increased by 29 g per year.

Changes in placental size during Ramadan.

Background: Placental growth responds to maternal influences. Ramadan is an annual period of day-time fasting during which people in Saudi Arabia, including pregnant women, change their diets and physical activity. Little is known about the effects of this altered lifestyle on placental development.

Comparison of maternal and fetal outcomes, in epileptic and non-epileptic women.

Objective: To assess maternal and fetal outcomes, in epileptic and non-epileptic pregnant women.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted from January 2005 - December 2006 at Riyadh Military Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 16508 live birth charts were reviewed.

Abdomino-pelvic packing to control severe haemorrhage following caesarean hysterectomy.

Surgically uncontrollable peri-operative obstetric haemorrhage associated with coagulopathy, developed in five women who were managed by emergency caesarean hysterectomy. All women had a morbidly adherent anterior placenta praevia and a previous lower segment caesarean section scar. Conventional medical and surgical therapy to control bleeding from pelvic and abdominal raw surfaces were unsuccessful.

Coasting. A viable option for patients at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Objectives: To present our experience in 48 coasted patients and how they performed in terms of the number of eggs collected, numbers of embryos available for embryo transfer after in vitro fertilization, pregnant and on going pregnancy rate.

Methods: The study was conducted at Lister Hospital, London, United Kingdom, during the period October 1998 through to May 2001. For the purpose of the study, we selected coasted cycles in patients who were less than 38 years of age (n=48 patients).

Socio-demographic characteristics of the "unbooked mother".

In a study to investigate the characteristics of the "Unbooked mother", the medical records of 467 patients who presented for delivery with no prenatal care at the obstetric unit of the King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, during the period 1991 to 1995 were evaluated. For controls, the records of 415 mothers who had pre-natal care in the Unit over the same period were also evaluated. Data pertaining to their socio-demographic characteristics, previous obstetric history, prevalence of pregnancy-related and familial diseases, gestation age at delivery and weights of the babies, were extracted and analysed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (C.

Demographic and fertility variables as determinants of spontaneous abortions in women with previous abortions.

The objective of the study was to examine the demographic and fertility factors that may predispose to spontaneous abortion in women with prior abortion. The study was conducted in King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It included a series of women who aborted their pregnancies over a period of months (January 1; 1992-December 31, 1992).

Outcome of pregnancies in epileptic women: a study in Saudi Arabia.

We studied the outcome of 79 pregnancies in 44 Saudi women who had epilepsy. Their mean age was 28+/-6.5 years and the number of pregnancies studied varied from one to six.

Elective induction of labor at term doing a lot to gain a little?

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version.

Obstetric outcome in the unbooked mother.

This study aimed at determining the outcome of pregnancy in unbooked mothers with regard to maternal complications and foetal outcome. This retrospective study was based on investigations of medical records of 467 unbooked mothers who presented for delivery at the Obstetrics Unit at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, during the period 1991 and 1992, and 415 booked mothers with regular clinic attendance selected as controls. Data collected from the records included patients' socio-demographic characteristics, past obstetric history, prevalence of pregnancy-related diseases, and data relating to labour, delivery, and foetal outcome.

Obstetric outcome in uncomplicated prolonged pregnancy.

Objective: To study and compare the obstetric outcome in term pregnancies and uncomplicated prolonged pregnancies.

Methods: The study was a retrospective review of 596 cases. The case notes of 286 patients with uncomplicated prolonged pregnancies (> or = 42 weeks) and 310 patients with normal term pregnancies (37 to < 42 weeks) were analyzed.