DETECTION OF MECA AND NUC GENES OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT CLINICAL SAMPLES.

Background: During this study, six isolates of multiple antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were obtained from different clinical specimens (burn swabs, urinary tract infections, wound swabs): three isolates from burns, two isolates from urinary tract infections, and one isolate from wound swabs. They were obtained from private laboratories in Baghdad from 1/1/2023 to 3/15/2023.

Method: The diagnosis of these isolates was confirmed using the Vitek2 device.

Identifying the target population and preventive strategies to combat feline obesity.

Feline obesity continues to be a priority health and welfare issue. Most research surrounding obesity currently focuses on obesity treatment. However, treatment for feline obesity is slow, often unsuccessful and not without consequences.

Website Investigation of Pet Weight Management-Related Information and Services Offered by Ontario Veterinary Practices.

Pet owners rely on information and advice from their veterinary practice to effectively manage their pet's weight. This study investigated weight management information and services displayed on practice websites in Ontario, Canada. Information collected from the websites of 50 randomly selected small and mixed-animal practices included practice and staff demographics and the type of weight management services, products, and information advertised or displayed.

Efficacy of vitamin D in maintaining serum total vitamin D concentrations and bone mineralisation in adult dogs fed a plant-based (vegan) diet in a 3-month randomised trial.

Dogs are considered omnivores based on their evolution consuming diets including animal tissue. Few feeding trials evaluating the nutritional suitability of exclusively plant-based (vegan) diets in dogs have been published, and the efficacy of vitamin D in maintaining canine serum vitamin D levels has not been clearly determined. A blinded dietary trial included sixty-one healthy desexed adult dogs: thirty-one fed an experimental extruded vegan diet (PLANT) and thirty fed a commercial extruded meat-based diet (MEAT) for 3 months.

The resistance to methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta in anemic patients of end-stage renal disease.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global disease, and the number of people affected is increasing due to driving factors such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, as well as increased life expectancy. Many patients with CKD suffer anemia throughout the period of their disease.

Aim: This research aimed to investigate the relation between resistance to the methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (ME-β) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism.

Circulating direct infusion MS and NMR metabolomic profiles of post-gonadectomy kittens with or without additional dietary choline supplementation.

Choline is beneficial for energy metabolism and growth in various species. Choline may work similarly in kittens at risk of obesity. Direct infusion MS (Di-MS) and NMR spectroscopy were used to investigate the metabolomic signatures of kittens supplemented with or without additional dietary choline for 12 weeks.

Commercial diet recommendations and follow-up for a large breed puppy with an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

A 6-month-old, intact male Great Dane dog fed a veterinary therapeutic liver diet was evaluated after diagnosis of an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and hind limb angular limb deformity to determine appropriateness of diet. Evaluation of the current diet revealed it to be inadequate to meet the nutrient requirements of a large breed puppy. The dog clinically improved following a change in diet.

Case Report: Application and Limitations of a Plant-Based Diet Formulated for a Cat With Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease.

A 2-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat was presented for recommendations for dietary management of chronic FLUTD using a strictly plant-based diet as per the stipulations of the cat's owner. The cat had a history of urethral obstruction of unknown etiology, persistent marked struvite crystalluria, and persistent inappropriate elimination. Commercial plant-based products meeting the nutritional recommendations for maintenance of adult cats with the lowest concentration of struvite precursors were identified, but the cat would not eat them.

Talking About Dog and Cat Nutrition with Clients.

Veterinary health care teams understand that acceptance of, and adherence to, dietary recommendations by clients depends on effective, continuous communication. Despite decades of available research and training, and the availability of numerous balanced commercial, balanced homemade, and veterinary therapeutic diets, our collective ability across the profession to consistently help clients change behaviors and feeding practices to improve patient health remains difficult. Based on the long-standing, evidence-based approach of motivational interviewing, a paradigm shift is suggested for veterinary health care teams to empower clients to make their own arguments for change and take positive action for the health of their pet.

Readability and content of online pet obesity information.

Objective: To assess the readability of pet obesity information, document the presence and absence of types of pet obesity information, and perform comparisons between dog and cat obesity information content on websites.

Sample: 68 websites containing pet obesity content.

Procedures: Websites were systematically retrieved with a search engine and predefined search terms and phrases.

An observational study of pet feeding practices and how these have changed between 2008 and 2018.

Background: Pet owners have many feeding options, some may be considered unconventional by veterinary practitioners. Provision of appropriate nutrition is a basic requirement, with adverse health outcomes possible when a pet diet is inadequate.

Objective: To capture dog and cat feeding practices, with a special focus on countries with large English-speaking populations, and to compare with data published over the previous 10 years.

Unconventional diets and nutritional supplements are more common in dogs with cancer compared to healthy dogs: An online global survey of 345 dog owners.

This survey aimed to investigate and compare diet type and supplement use between dogs (Canis lupus familiaris, L.) with cancer and a population of owner-reported healthy dogs and to assess the sources of information dog owners consult. Respondents were mainly from English-speaking countries.

Special topic: The association between pulse ingredients and canine dilated cardiomyopathy: addressing the knowledge gaps before establishing causation.

In July 2018, the Food and Drug Administration warned about a possible relationship between dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in dogs and the consumption of dog food formulated with potatoes and pulse ingredients. This issue may impede utilization of pulse ingredients in dog food or consideration of alternative proteins. Pulse ingredients have been used in the pet food industry for over 2 decades and represent a valuable source of protein to compliment animal-based ingredients.

Dehydroleucodine inhibits mitotic clonal expansion during adipogenesis through cell cycle arrest.

Aberrant levels of preadipocyte differentiation, triggered by adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy, results in the obesogenic phenotype. Obesity is a risk factor for several metabolic disorders. In this paper, dehydroleucodine inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets and decreased the elevations of triglycerides, and this inhibitory effect occurred during the early stage of adipogenesis.

The adjuvant use of calcium fructoborate and borax with etanercept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Pilot study.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects calcium fructoborate (CFB) and sodium tetraborate (NTB) as supplements in Iraqi patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) maintained on etanercept.

Materials And Methods: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial with 60 days treatment period was carried out at Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical city, Baghdad, Iraq. Eighty RA patients were randomized into three groups to receive either 220 mg/day CFB, 55 mg/day NTB in capsule dosage form (equivalent to 6 mg elemental Boron), or placebo formula once daily.

Increased serum concentrations of adiponectin in canine hypothyroidism.

Serum concentrations of adiponectin were compared between sex-matched hypothyroid (n = 18) and euthyroid (n = 18) client-owned dogs with comparable ages and body condition scores (BCS). Concentrations of adiponectin (mean; 95% confidence interval) were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in hypothyroid (17.

Important determinants of diabetes control in insulin pump therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Insulin pumps are equipped with advanced functions. Intensive training and adherence are required for optimum use of the technology. We aimed to assess the association of various key elements in insulin pump functions on blood glucose control.

Fish oil supplementation increases concentration of adiponectin in healthy dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of fish oil supplementation on circulating concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, insulin, glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol in healthy dogs.

Methods: Twenty healthy adult dogs were administered 220 mg/kg of a fish oil supplement once daily for 30 days. At baseline, on supplement and 10 to 20 weeks off supplement, dogs were examined, body condition scores determined (range: 4 to 6), body measurements recorded for % body fat calculation and fasted blood samples collected.

A novel CLDN16 mutation in a large family with familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis.

Background: Familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis is a rare tubulopathy leading to renal calcification and progressive renal failure.

Case Presentation: We report a consanguineous Arab family (of Qatari origin) with 7 affected siblings with variable phenotypes including hypomagnesaemia, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and renal stones. Presenting features included haematuria and recurrent urinary tract infections.

Alterations in adipokines in feline hepatic lipidosis.

Background: Feline hepatic lipidosis (HL) is associated with alterations in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The adipokines, adiponectin, and leptin have lipid-lowering and insulin-sensitizing effects.

Hypothesis: Serum concentrations of adiponectin and leptin are altered in feline HL.

A measure of and predictors for veterinarian trust developed with veterinary students in a simulated companion animal practice.

Objective: To gain a better understanding of the role of interpersonal trust in veterinarian-client interactions during routine health-care visits, develop a measure of trust uniquely suited to the context of veterinary medicine, and interpret the actions, beliefs, and perceptions that capture client trust toward veterinarians.

Design: Correlational study.

Sample: 103 veterinary students and 19 standardized clients with pets from a college of veterinary medicine at a large public Midwestern university.

Cardiac effect of short-term experimental weight gain and loss in dogs.

During 12 weeks, 18 normal dogs were fed a high-caloric diet intended to induce obesity (weight-gain phase). For the next 12 weeks (weight-loss phase), all dogs were fed a diet calculated to provide maintenance needs. During this second phase, dogs were randomly assigned to three groups differing only in their exercise regimen: group 1 dogs were not exercised, group 2 dogs were exercised three times each week on a treadmill, group 3 dogs were similarly exercised and outfitted with a vest holding additional weights.

Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and body condition on serum concentrations of adipokines in healthy dogs.

Objective: To determine associations between serum concentrations of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or body condition and serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, insulin, glucose, or triglyceride in healthy dogs.

Animals: 62 healthy adult client-owned dogs.

Procedures: Body condition score and percentage of body fat were determined.

Student perceptions of an animal-welfare and ethics course taught early in the veterinary curriculum.

Animal welfare and veterinary ethics are two subjects that have been acknowledged as necessary for inclusion in the veterinary curriculum. In fact, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Council on Education has mandated that veterinary ethics be taught to all students in US veterinary colleges. Animal welfare was recently included in the US veterinarian's oath, and AVMA established a committee to create a model curriculum on the subject.