Specialized gray matter segmentation via a generative adversarial network: application on brain white matter hyperintensities classification.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) observed in T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images have emerged as potential markers of neurodegenerative diseases like Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Lacking comprehensive automated WMH classification systems in current research, there is a need to develop accurate detection and classification methods for WMH that will benefit the diagnosis and monitoring of brain diseases.

Objective: Juxtacortical WMH (JCWMH) is a less explored subtype of WMH, primarily due to the hard definition of the cortex in FLAIR images, which is escalated by the presence of lesions to obtain appropriate gray matter (GM) masks.

An Ultrasound Evaluation of the Vertebral Artery in Patients With Vertebral Artery Hypoplasia.

Purpose The aim of the current study was to assess and compare Doppler ultrasound findings, especially the resistivity index (RI), among and between patients with vertebral artery hypoplasia (VAH) and normal populations. Material and methods Fifteen consecutive patients with VAH (mean age 54 ± 21 years) and 15 sex-matched controls without VAH (mean age 54 ± 22 years) were selected for the study. The vertebral arteries (VA) were examined with Doppler ultrasound.

Expression of NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-10 genes, body composition, and hepatic fibrosis in obese patients with NAFLD-Combined effects of oleoylethanolamide supplementation and calorie restriction: A triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of oleoylethanolamide (OEA) supplementation combined with calorie restriction on inflammation, body composition, and hepatic fibrosis among obese patients with NAFLD. In this 12-week randomized clinical trial, 76 obese patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD were randomly allocated into either OEA or placebo group.

Angiographic evaluation of traumatic arterial injuries of the upper limbs: a retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism and type of upper limb arterial trauma in Iranian population. Fifty-one patients with upper limb trauma were evaluated over a 4-year period with conventional angiography at the Tabriz Imam Hospital, Iran. Twenty-four patients (19 men, 5 women with a mean age of 27.

The effects of vitamin D supplementation on proatherogenic inflammatory markers and carotid intima media thickness in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome may predispose to cardiovascular diseases. Since, in recent studies, vitamin D is advocated for cardioprotective roles, this study was designed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on proatherogenic inflammatory markers and common carotid intima media thickness in subjects with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: This randomized double blind clinical trial was conducted in Tabriz, Iran.

Future of the Renal Biopsy: Time to Change the Conventional Modality Using Nanotechnology.

At the present time, imaging guided renal biopsy is used to provide diagnoses in most types of primary and secondary renal diseases. It has been claimed that renal biopsy can provide a link between diagnosis of renal disease and its pathological conditions. However, sometimes there is a considerable mismatch between patient renal outcome and pathological findings in renal biopsy.

The inability of an early post-transplantation intrarenal resistive index to predict renal allograft function at 12 weeks after engraftment in young adults.

Background The intrarenal resistive index (RI) is a promising tool for predicting renal graft outcomes. Due to the complexity of graft function and the presence of diverse contributing factors, however, the available data are inconclusive. Purpose To examine the performance of the RI 1 week after transplant in predicting allograft function at week 12, with an emphasis on the type of intrarenal artery used in the examination.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of bowel wall thickness and intramural blood flow in ulcerative colitis.

Aim. This study aimed at assessing Doppler ultrasonographic findings of gut wall vessels and thickness in active and quiescent ulcerative colitis. Methods.

Prevalence of significant carotid artery stenosis in Iranian patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Background: Generalized screening for carotid artery stenosis with carotid duplex ultrasonography in patients with peripheral arterial disease is controversial.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of significant internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis in a group of Iranian patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Methods: We prospectively screened 120 patients with a known diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease for carotid artery stenosis.

Are Doppler ultrasonography parameters symmetric between the right and left kidney?

Background: Among numerous modalities applied for evaluation of kidney diseases, Doppler ultrasonography (DU) provides information about the hemodynamic status of the kidneys. Meanwhile, the variability in DU parameters of the right and left kidney is a matter of controversy. The aim of this study was to determine whether any difference exists between the DU indices of the right and left kidney.

Ankle patella: a report of a large accessory bone in the ankle: a case report.

Introduction: Sesamoids are ovoid bones with variable size and shape in the course of tendons, can be found in different parts of skeletal system.

Case Presentation: We report a case of 61-year-old woman in whom we observed a large accessory bone located in the anterior aspect of the left ankle joint. Since such accessory bones are found very infrequently, their presence may cause some diagnostic confusion.

Comparison of normal values of Duplex indices of vertebral arteries in young and elderly adults.

Background: Considering the role of aging in brain atrophy and cerebral vascular demand, we carried out this study to clarify the role of aging in duplex indices of vertebral arteries.

Methods: From June 2005 to June 2006, 96 volunteers with age range of 20 to 95 years, were evaluated with color doppler for duplex indices of vertebral arteries. Sever hemodynamic stenosis was excluded in all of these patients.

Combined aneurysms of the main renal and celiac arteries: an unusual association.

Celiac artery aneurysm (CAA) is a rare condition, which occasionally occurs in association with such visceral aneurysms as splenic, common hepatic, left hepatic, superior mesenteric and renal arteries. We describe our observation of a patient with CAA and bilateral main renal artery aneurysm. To the best of our knowledge, a combination of these visceral arterial aneurysms has not been reported previously.