Dysregulation of miR-122, miR-574 and miR-375 in Egyptian patients with breast cancer.

Background: The early detection of breast cancer (BC) is receiving global attention, creating an urgent need for more sensitive and comprehensive strategies for preventive intervention, therapy assessment, and prognosis prediction. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been observed in various malignancies and may be potential targets for therapy. Our study aims to examine the expression profiles of miR-375, miR-574-3p, and miR-122 in the sera of Egyptian women with BC, benign breast lesions, and a control group.

Powerful Approach for New Drugs as Antibacterial Agents via Molecular Docking and In Vitro Studies of Some New Cyclic Imides and Quinazoline-2,5-diones.

We generated novel elven 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimides and tetrahydroquinazoline derivatives from 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride () in response to our interest in using the anhydrides to produce heterocyclic nitrogen compounds. The elemental and spectral analyses of the produced compounds validated the recommended configurations and (Molecular Operating Environment) computations were used to perform their in silico analysis. The synthesized compounds have been analyzed and put through various experiments, including in vitro and in silico methods to assess their biological activity against Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 () and Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 (), among these compounds showing promising data as antibacterial drugs.

Clinical and prognostic significance of CD27 and CD44 expression patterns in Egyptian pediatric patients with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Introduction: The expression pattern of CD27 and CD44 was found to correlate with the differentiation stages of B cell precursors, which were known to be involved in a variety of immunological responses.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to determine the biological significance of CD27 and CD44 expression in patients with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), as well as their association with standard prognostic factors and therapeutic response.

Patients And Methods: This case-control study included 60 pediatric patients newly diagnosed with B-ALL and 30 pediatric controls.

Changes in Rat Adrenal Cortex and Pineal Gland in Inverted Light-Dark Cycle: A Biochemical, Histological, and Immunohistochemical Study.

Poor sleep standards are common in everyday life; it is frequently linked to a rise in stress levels. The adrenal gland interacts physiologically with the pineal gland in the stress response. Pineal gland is a small endocrine organ that modulates sleep patterns.

Design, synthetic approach, molecular docking and antibacterial activity of quinazolin-2,4-dione hybrids bearing bioactive scaffolds.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of ten global public health threats facing humanity. This created the need to identify and develop effective inhibitors as antimicrobial agents. In this respect, quinazolin-2,4-dione hybrids bearing N-heterocyclic cores such as pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, pyrazole and oxadiazole and/or bioactive scaffolds such as hydrazone, amide, sulfonamide, azomethine, and thiourea linkage are described for design, synthesis, antibacterial investigation, and studies.

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of new camphor pyrimidine and camphor thiazole derivatives using conventional and microwave irradiation techniques and in vitro evaluation as potential antimicrobial agents.

Background: A series of new pyrimidines and thiazoles containing camphor moiety were synthesized under both conventional and microwave irradiation techniques.

Methods: The condensation of camphor either with aminoguanidine or thiosemicarbazide gives the camphor hydrazine carboximidiamide 2 and the camphor thiosemicarbazone 3, respectively. Refluxing of 3 with chloroacetonitrile afforded the camphor thiazol-4-imine 4.

HSP70 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Egyptian Women With Breast Cancer.

Background: Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a significant cellular stress response protein that has intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to protect cells against apoptosis. It is one of the most induced proteins in cancer cells. The aim of the present study is to investigate the significant role of the HSP70 expression in Egyptian patients with breast cancer (BC) and its potential to be as a diagnostic and prognostic marker.

RGB-D ergonomic assessment system of adopted working postures.

Ensuring a healthier working environment is of utmost importance for companies and global health organizations. In manufacturing plants, the ergonomic assessment of adopted working postures is indispensable to avoid risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. This process receives high research interest and requires extracting plausible postural information as a preliminary step.

Green electrochemical strategy for one-step synthesis of new catechol derivatives.

In this paper, we present promising results in the green electrochemical oxidation of catechol in the presence of three different thiol nucleophiles at the surface of a glassy carbon electrode in an aqueous solution using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The outcome indicated the synthesis of some new heterocyclic compounds functionalized with phenolic, triazole, triazine and pyrimidine groups. The effects of repetitive cycling, nucleophile concentrations and sweep rates were explored to get more information about the systems.

Impact of CYP1A1, GSTP1 and XRCC1 genes polymorphisms on toxicity and response to chemotherapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy. The interindividual genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes and DNA repair genes influence the efficacy and toxicity of numerous chemotherapeutic drugs affecting the treatment outcome.

Aim Of The Work: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of drug metabolizing CYP1, GSTP1 and DNA repair (XRCC1) genes polymorphisms on the toxicity and response to chemotherapy in childhood ALL.

Growth hormone: do we have a national perspective of indications for its use?

Objective: Presentation of indications for growth hormone use in children, from the view of physicians practising in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A questionnaire containing a list of common possible indications of growth hormone use was collected from 52 physicians practising in Saudi Arabia who were attending a didactic endocrinology course.

Results: All (100%) physicians considered growth hormone deficiency to be an indication.

Congenital anomalies in infants with congenital hypothyroidism: is it a coincidental or an associated finding?

During the period between December 1988 and February 1995, a total of 279,482 newborn infants were screened in the regional neonatal screening program for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in Riyadh province, Saudi Arabia. Eighty-one infants were confirmed to have CH giving an incidence of 1 in 3,450. Variable congenital anomalies, other than those of the thyroid gland, were present in 16 (19.

Congenital adrenal hypoplasia: A disorder frequently missed.

Congenital adrenal hypoplasia is a rare disease which is known to cause severe salt wasting in the neonatal period. In this report, we describe three patients from two different families who were seen at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients presented with classical clinical, biochemical, hormonal and radiological findings of congenital adrenal hypoplasia.

Ambiguous genitalia: comparative role of pelvic ultrasonography and genitography.

Ambiguous genitalia represents a true medical and social emergency which needs a multi-disciplinary team approach for elucidation. The paediatric radiologist plays an important role in defining the genital anatomy which remains one of the most important factors in sex determination. Aiming to compare the predictive value of pelvic ultrasonography and genitography in sex determination in patients with ambiguous genitalia, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 69 patients, 53 females and 16 males, where both procedures were employed.

Thyroid scintigraphy and perchlorate discharge test in the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism.

Quantitative thyroid scanning using low doses of technetium-99m sodium pertechnetate was performed on 147 infants (55 males and 92 females) with congenital hypothyroidism detected through the national neonatal screening programme. Thirty-two (21.8%) were athyrotic, while 62 (42.

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy: experience with 28 cases.

Twenty-eight infants with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) were seen during a 10-year period. There were 13 males and 15 females. Their age at time of presentation ranged from a few hours to 6 months.

Determinants of term intrauterine growth retardation: the Saudi experience.

In a clinical study from an unselected Saudi obstetric population, the incidence of and risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation among live births were investigated. From a total study group of 4578 consecutive live births, 76 (1.7%) infants were found to be growth retarded.

Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Saudi children: a community-based study.

A community-based study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and types of intestinal parasites in the pediatric population of Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia. Stool samples were randomly collected from 19,939 children of whom 4208 (21.1%) were found to harbour intestinal parasites.

Free and microencapsulated adrenal cortical cells produce similar cortisol responses when stimulated by ACTH: an in vitro study.

Transplantation of endocrine cells, especially when protected from immune destruction, is an attractive alternative to whole organ transplantation. The current treatment for adrenal insufficiency whether congenital or acquired is hormone replacement, which is not considered fully physiological. In this study, we isolated porcine adrenal cortical cells by collagenase digestion.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis screening of schoolgirls.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common disorder of unknown etiology. The lack of symptoms delays its detection, sometimes beyond the remedial range. In this study, consent forms were distributed to elementary schoolgirls between 11-13 years, at random, in the city of Riyadh.

Childhood bacterial meningitis in Al-Baha province, Saudi Arabia.

A retrospective review of 71 paediatric patients admitted with bacterial meningitis to the King Fahad Hospital at Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia, during an 8-year period revealed a preponderance of males (67.6%) and young subjects with 88.7% being below 24 months of age.