Long-term outcomes of corticosteroid graft versus host disease prophylaxis in peripheral blood allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplant: a comparative cohort analysis.

Background: Corticosteroids (CSs) have previously been incorporated into graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis regimens for bone marrow (BM) and haemopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).

Aims: To assess the impact of prophylactic CS in HSCT using peripheral blood (PB) stem cells.

Methods: Patients were identified from three HSCT centres receiving a first PB-HSCT between January 2011 and December 2015 from a fully human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling or unrelated donor for acute myeloid leukaemia or acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

A uniquely distributed purpuric drug eruption from acalabrutinib.

Acalabrutinib is a second-generation, highly selective Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor (BTKi) indicated for use in some mature B-cell malignancies. The authors describe a uniquely distributed drug reaction presenting as palpable purpura over the bilateral upper limbs. BTKi is theorised to cause haemorrhage through off-target inhibition of Tec kinases and EGFR receptors.

Management and Outcomes of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in the Era of PET and Rituximab: A Multicenter Study From the Australasian Lymphoma Alliance.

There are limited data on post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in the era of positron emission tomography (PET) and rituximab (R). Furthermore, there is limited data on the risk of graft rejection with modern practices in reduction in immunosuppression (RIS). We studied 91 patients with monomorphic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma PTLD at 11 Australian centers: median age 52 years, diagnosed between 2004 and 2017, median follow-up 4.

Unrelated Donor Transplant Recipients Given Thymoglobuline Have Superior GRFS When Compared to Matched Related Donor Recipients Undergoing Transplantation without ATG.

Recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from unrelated donors (URDs) and mismatched related donors (MMRDs) typically have a higher incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared with matched related donors (MRDs). Anti-T-cell globulins (ATGs) are often used to reduce GVHD in these recipients. We report the outcomes of 211 adult peripheral blood stem cell transplant recipients with myeloid malignancies who received a standardized transplant protocol, in which ATG (Thymoglobuline 4.

Pre- and post-bone marrow harvest anaemia is associated with lower CD34+ stem cell collection, high harvest volume and female gender.

Background: Donor safety is paramount when performing bone marrow stem cell harvest. The incidence of full blood count (FBC) abnormalities among donors and variables associated with anaemia after marrow harvest are not well established.

Aims: To describe the frequency of FBC abnormalities prior to bone marrow stem cell harvest and to identify variables associated with post harvest anaemia.

Rescue haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for engraftment failure: a single-centre case series.

Graft failure affects approximately 5% of allogeneic stem cell transplants, with a poor prognosis. Salvage second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT2) is limited by high rates of transplant-related mortality from infection and graft-versus-host disease. We report on five adult patients receiving rescue alloSCT2 using haploidentical peripheral blood stem cells.

Graft-Derived Reconstitution of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express a semi-invariant Vα7.2 T cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes ligands from distinct bacterial and fungal species. In neonates, MAIT cells proliferate coincident with gastrointestinal (GI) bacterial colonization.

High-rising epiglottis in children: should it cause concern?

An omega-shaped epiglottis is frequently associated with laryngomalacia. However, an elongated high-rising epiglottis can represent a normal variation of the larynx in a majority of pediatric patients. It is important to consider this in a healthy child with no complaints apart from the sensation of a foreign body in throat.

Pharyngeal pouch: associations and complications.

The aetiopathogenesis of pharyngeal pouch remains obscure. This review highlights the associations and complications of pharyngeal pouch to better understand the pathogenesis and management of the pouch. A search of the MEDLINE was conducted to identify studies that looked at associations and/or complications of the pharyngeal pouch.

Inflammatory focal myositis of the sternomastoid muscle: is there an absolute indication for biopsy? A case report and review of the literature.

Focal myositis is a localised inflammatory process affecting skeletal muscles belonging to the pathological group of inflammatory pseudo tumours of soft tissue that includes myositis ossificans, proliferative myositis and nodular pseudosarcomatous fasciitis. Very rarely, it may affect one of the neck muscles and present as a neck lump, in which case both the clinical and pathological picture can mimic a sarcoma. We describe a case of focal myositis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, present a review of this rare condition and debate the necessity of biopsy.

Barotrauma.

Barotrauma is pressure-induced injury. The application of direct pressure to the body may cause trauma, including positive pressure from artificial ventilation. Trauma may also be caused by the effects of pressure changes on gas-containing body spaces, not in communication with the environment.