Integrated Genomic Analysis of Primary Prostate Tumor Foci and Corresponding Lymph Node Metastases Identifies Mutations and Pathways Associated with Metastasis.

Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and mortality is mainly due to metastases but the initial steps of metastasis have not been well characterized. We have performed integrative whole exome sequencing and transcriptome analysis of primary prostate tumor foci and corresponding lymph node metastases (LNM) from 43 patients enrolled in clinical trial. We present evidence that, while there are some cases of clonally independent primary tumor foci, 87% of primary tumor foci and metastases are descended from a common ancestor.

Predictors of intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at state specialist hospital Ikere-Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria.

The study determined the socio-demographic predictors of reports of intimate partner violence (IPV) among pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic in State Specialist Hospital Ikere-Ekiti. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used and a pretested questionnaire was administered to 390 pregnant women who were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

GC-MS analysis of aqueous extract of and ameliorative potential of its biosynthesized gold nanoparticles against cadmium-induced kidney damage in rats.

Plants possess compounds serving as reducing agents for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which is currently considered for biomedical application. Exposure to cadmium (Cd) can affect the functional integrity of the several organs such as kidney and liver. (NL) is known for its several medicinal properties, including its protective role against tissue damages.

Impact of 18 F-Fluciclovine PET/CT Findings on Failure-Free Survival in Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer Following Salvage Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the impact of 18 F-fluciclovine PET/CT imaging on failure-free survival (FFS) post-salvage radiotherapy (SRT) for prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence.

Methods: Seventy-nine patients were recruited in a phase 2/3 clinical trial to undergo 18 F-fluciclovine PET/CT before SRT for PCa. Four patients with extrapelvic disease were excluded.

Prognostic Evaluation of Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer and Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer with [Ga]Ga DOTATATE PET-CT.

Objectives: Prostate cancer is well known to express high levels of somatostatin receptors and preliminary data suggests that PET imaging with the somatostatin analog, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE, may allow for whole body staging of patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NePC). This study explores the utility of [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT to identify metastatic deposits in men with mCRPC and NePC and prognosticate disease progression. Methods: [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT was performed in 17 patients with mCRPC and of those, 2/17 had NePC.

Differences in Failure-Free Survival After Salvage Radiotherapy Guided by Conventional Imaging Versus F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in Postprostatectomy Patients: A Post Hoc Substratification Analysis of the EMPIRE-1 Trial.

The EMPIRE-1 (Emory Molecular Prostate Imaging for Radiotherapy Enhancement 1) trial reported a survival advantage in recurrent prostate cancer salvage radiotherapy (SRT) guided by F-fluciclovine PET/CT versus conventional imaging. We performed a post hoc analysis of the EMPIRE-1 cohort stratified by protocol-specified criteria, comparing failure-free survival (FFS) between study arms. EMPIRE-1 randomized patients to SRT planning via either conventional imaging only (bone scanning plus abdominopelvic CT or MRI) (arm A) or conventional imaging plus F-fluciclovine PET/CT (arm B).

Evaluating the Impact of Fetal Sex on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Following Interaction with Maternal Characteristics.

Fetal-sex-specific changes to placental immunity and metabolism occur in response to obesity. Few studies have determined if fetal sex interacts with maternal characteristics to alter risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Among 43,727 singleton pregnancies, we examined the association between male fetal sex and GDM using log-binomial logistic regression to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Prostate and dominant intraprostatic lesion segmentation on PET/CT using cascaded regional-net.

Focal boost to dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs) has recently been proposed for prostate radiation therapy. Accurate and fast delineation of the prostate and DILs is thus required during treatment planning. In this paper, we develop a learning-based method using positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) images to automatically segment the prostate and its DILs.

Clinical utility of F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in recurrent prostate cancer with very low (≤0.3 ng/mL) prostate-specific antigen levels.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate F-fluciclovine PET/CT detection rates in the evaluation of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients with very low (≤0.3 ng/mL) serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels following definitive treatment. Prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence and very low serum PSA (≤0.

Comparison of self-esteem and depression among fertile and infertile women in a low resource setting.

This study aimed to explore the effect of infertility on self-esteem and depression, and to identify the sociodemographic and infertility characteristics associated with self-esteem and depression among infertile women in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Self-esteem and depression were assessed in 100 infertile women and 100 women seeking family planning (controls) using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Infertile women had significantly lower RSES score (19.

Exploratory study of F-fluciclovine pet/ct for response assessment to docetaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Monitoring therapeutic response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) can be challenging. We set out to determine if F-fluciclovine PET/CT could be a useful imaging biomarker for response to docetaxel chemotherapy in patients with mCRPC. Seven patients with mCRPC had F-fluciclovine PET/CT scheduled at baseline and after 1 and 6 cycles of chemotherapy.

F-fluciclovine-PET/CT imaging versus conventional imaging alone to guide postprostatectomy salvage radiotherapy for prostate cancer (EMPIRE-1): a single centre, open-label, phase 2/3 randomised controlled trial.

Background: Molecular imaging is increasingly used to guide treatment decisions and planning in prostate cancer. We aimed to evaluate the role of F-fluciclovine-PET/CT in improving cancer control compared with conventional imaging (bone scan and either CT or MRI) alone for salvage postprostatectomy radiotherapy.

Methods: In EMPIRE-1, a single-centre, open-label, phase 2/3 randomised controlled trial, patients with prostate cancer with detectable PSA after prostatectomy and negative conventional imaging (no extrapelvic or bone findings) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to radiotherapy directed by conventional imaging alone or to conventional imaging plus F-fluciclovine-PET/CT.

Salvage Radiotherapy Management Decisions in Postprostatectomy Patients with Recurrent Prostate Cancer Based on F-Fluciclovine PET/CT Guidance.

Imaging with novel PET radiotracers has significantly influenced radiotherapy decision making and radiation planning in patients with recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). The purpose of this analysis was to report the final results for management decision changes based on F-fluciclovine PET/CT findings and determine whether the decision change trend remained after completion of accrual. Patients with detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after prostatectomy were randomized to undergo either conventional imaging (CI) only (arm A) or CI plus F-fluciclovine PET/CT (arm B) before radiotherapy.

Ring Sclerosis in Prostate Cancer: Circle of Malignancy or Benignity?

Prostate cancer osteoblastic metastases may have different morphologies, and some of these may overlap with certain benign bone lesions. In this series of 5 prostate cancer patients, we describe bone lesions with central lucency and surrounding peripheral sclerosis and their varying appearances on different imaging modalities. Although prostate cancer metastases are commonly associated with sclerotic lesions, they can also present as osteolytic or lucent lesions, and these lesions should be carefully evaluated.

Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumor With 18F-Fluciclovine Uptake in a Patient With Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

18F-Fluciclovine is an amino acid-based radiopharmaceutical used primarily for PET imaging of patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. We report a case of a 66-year-old man with recently diagnosed metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer and a left supraclavicular lymph node with incidental radiotracer uptake on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT. Left neck core needle biopsy confirmed high-grade, poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine features positive for synaptophysin and chromogranin, and negative for prostate markers.

Health systems readiness and quality of inpatient malaria case-management in Kano State, Nigeria.

Background: Nigeria was among the first African countries to adopt and implement change of treatment policy for severe malaria from quinine to artesunate. Seven years after the policy change health systems readiness and quality of inpatient malaria case-management practices were evaluated in Kano State of Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in May 2019 at all public hospitals.

Incidental Detection of Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting as an Anterior Mediastinal Mass on 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in a Patient With Primary Prostate Cancer.

F-fluciclovine is a PET radiotracer approved for detection of recurrent prostate cancer, with utility in other malignancies being investigated. We present the case of a 71-year-old man with high-risk primary prostate cancer (Gleason score 9, prostate-specific antigen 34 ng/mL) and newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma. As part of a clinical trial (NCT03081884), preoperative F-fluciclovine PET/CT showed localized abnormal uptake in the prostate gland with extracapsular extension.

[F]Fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography for Preoperative Staging in Patients with Intermediate to High Risk Primary Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Accurate preoperative staging of prostate cancer is essential for treatment planning. Conventional imaging is limited in detection of metastases. Our primary aim was to determine if [F]fluciclovine positron emission tomography/computerized tomography is an early indicator of subclinical metastasis among patients with high risk prostate cancer.

82Rubidium chloride positron emission tomography discrimination of recurrent intracranial malignancy from radiation necrosis.

Background: Accurate identification and discrimination of post treatment changes from recurrent disease remains a challenge for patients with intracranial malignancies despite advances in molecular and magnetic resonance imaging. We have explored the ability of readily available Rubidium-82 chloride (RbCl) positron emission tomography (PET) to identify and distinguish progressive intracranial disease from radiation necrosis in patients previously treated with radiation therapy.

Methods: Six patients with a total of 9 lesions of either primary (N.

F-Fluciclovine Parameters on Targeted Prostate Biopsy Associated with True Positivity in Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

We evaluated F-fluciclovine uptake parameters that correlate with true positivity for local recurrence in non-prostatectomy-treated patients. Twenty-one patients (prostate-specific antigen level, 7.4 ± 6.

Feasibility and Initial Results: Fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography/Ultrasound Fusion Targeted Biopsy of Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: We assessed the feasibility and cancer detection rate of fluciclovine (F) positron emission tomography-ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy vs standard template biopsy in the same patient with biochemical failure after nonsurgical therapy for prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 21 patients with a mean ± SD prostate specific antigen of 7.4 ± 6.

Feasibility of Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid Gland Localization Using [F]fluciclovine PET/CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of anti-1-amino-3-anti-1-amino-3-[F]fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid ([F]fluciclovine) positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) in comparison to Technetium-99m 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile ([Tc]sestamibi) single-photon emission computed tomography/CT (SPECT/CT) for the localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in patients with hyperparathyroidism.

Procedures: Four patients with hyperparathyroidism underwent 60-minutes sequential neck and thorax PET/CT after [F]fluciclovine (352 ± 28 MBq) injection. Lesion uptake and target-to-background ratios (TBR) were compared with [Tc]sestamibi (798 ± 27 MBq) SPECT/CT in the same patient.

Interferon epsilon in the reproductive tract of healthy and genital herpes simplex virus-infected pregnant women: Results of a pilot study.

Problem: Recently characterized interferon epsilon (IFNe) protects against sexually transmitted infections, including genital herpes simplex virus (HSV), in animal models. There are no reports of IFNe in genital tract secretions of pregnant women, and data on IFNe in non-pregnant women are limited. This pilot study is the first to measure concentrations of IFNe in vaginal and cervical secretions during pregnancy and compare values between healthy and genital HSV-infected women.