A real-world longitudinal study implementing digital screening and treatment for distress in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): The COMPASS-IBD study protocol.

Introduction: Co-morbid anxiety and depression (distress) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results in poorer outcomes and increased healthcare burden. IBD services require scalable treatment pathways for distress to meet this need. This real-world longitudinal study evaluates the implementation of a new integrated care pathway for distress including: 1) routine mental health screening and 2) therapist-guided, digital CBT tailored to the challenges of living with IBD (compass with adaptations for IBD: COMPASS-IBD) in a UK National Health Service (NHS) large gastroenterology service (∼ 5000 patients).

A randomized controlled trial of a digital cognitive-behavioral therapy program (COMPASS) for managing depression and anxiety related to living with a long-term physical health condition.

Background: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of COMPASS, a therapist-supported digital therapeutic for reducing psychological distress (anxiety/depression) in people living with long-term physical health conditions (LTCs).

Methods: A two-armed randomized-controlled trial recruiting from LTC charities. Participants with anxiety and/or depression symptoms related to their LTC(s) were randomized (concealed allocation via independent administrator) to COMPASS (access to 11 tailored modules plus five thirty-minute therapist support sessions) or standard charity support (SCS).

Clinical efficacy of COMPASS, a digital cognitive-behavioural therapy programme for treating anxiety and depression in patients with long-term physical health conditions: a protocol for randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Approximately 30% of people with long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) experience mental health problems, with negative consequences and costs for individuals and healthcare services. Access to psychological treatment is scarce and, when available, often focuses on treating primary mental health problems rather than illness-related anxiety/depression. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a newly developed, therapist-supported, digital cognitive-behavioural treatment (COMPASS) for reducing LTC-related psychological distress (anxiety/depression), compared with standard charity support (SCS).

Beliefs about sharing illness experiences: Development of a scale and relationship with symptoms of fibromyalgia.

Objectives: The aim of the current research was to evaluate, in people with fibromyalgia, the extent to which beliefs about sharing illness experiences are associated with functioning and distress, and to explore the mediating role of illness behaviours. A new scale was designed to address this.

Design: The Beliefs about Sharing Illness Experiences (BASIE) scale was developed, and initial tests of reliability and validity were conducted.

Investigating the role of beliefs about emotions, emotional suppression and distress within a pain management programme for fibromyalgia.

Introduction: This study aims to explore the relationships between beliefs about emotions, emotional suppression, distress and global impact (i.e. the extent to which a patient's symptoms impact their life) in a longitudinal design with patients who are taking part in a pain management programme.

Cognitive behaviour treatment of co-occurring depression and generalised anxiety in routine clinical practice.

Background: Anxiety and depression are closely associated. However, they are typically treated separately and there is a dearth of information on tackling them together.

Aims: The study's purpose was to establish how best to treat co-occurring anxiety and depression in a routine clinical service-specifically, to compare cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) focusing only on depression (CBT-D) to a broader CBT focusing on both depression and anxiety (CBT-DA).

Development and Evaluation of a Cognitive Behavioural Intervention for Chronic Post-Stroke Insomnia.

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) has been successfully applied to those with chronic illness. However, despite the high prevalence of post-stroke insomnia, the applicability of CBTI for this population has not been substantially researched or routinely used in clinical practice.

Aims: The present study developed a 'CBTI+' protocol for those with post-stroke insomnia and tested its efficacy.

Is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy focusing on Depression and Anxiety Effective for People with Long-Term Physical Health Conditions? A Controlled Trial in the Context of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: It is unclear as to the extent to which psychological interventions focusing specifically on depression and anxiety are helpful for people with physical health conditions, with respect to mood and condition management.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified evidence-based psychological intervention focusing on depression and anxiety for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), compared with a control intervention.

Method: Clients (n = 140) who experienced mild to moderate depression and/or anxiety and had a diagnosis of T2DM were allocated to either diabetes specific treatment condition (n = 52) or standard intervention (control condition, n = 63), which were run in parallel.

A systematic review of psychological correlates of HIV testing intention.

Undiagnosed HIV infection is associated with onward HIV transmission and delays in accessing HIV care and treatment. As a significant proportion of HIV tests are self-initiated, it is important to assess correlates of the intention to test for HIV. Psychological correlates of HIV testing intention are more likely to be the feasible target of interventions than structural determinants.

The relationship between beliefs about emotions and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome.

Suppression of undesirable emotions, as well as beliefs about the unacceptability of experiencing and expressing emotions, have both been shown to be related to poorer health-related outcomes in several clinical groups. Potential models through which these variables relate have yet to be tested in those with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and are therefore examined in the current article. Online questionnaires were administered to people with IBS (n = 84) to test a mediation model in which beliefs about the unacceptability of emotions are associated with greater emotional suppression, which in turn relates to increased affective distress and consequently poorer quality of life.

'Isn't it ironic?' Beliefs about the unacceptability of emotions and emotional suppression relate to worse outcomes in fibromyalgia.

Beliefs about the unacceptability of experiencing and expressing emotions have been found to be related to worse outcomes in people with persistent physical symptoms. The current study tested mediation models regarding emotional suppression, beliefs about emotions, support-seeking and global impact in fibromyalgia. One hundred eighty-two participants took part in an online questionnaire testing potential mechanisms of this relationship using mediation analysis.

HIV Disclosure Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Theoretical Synthesis.

HIV disclosure can help people living with HIV to access social support, enhance antiretroviral adherence, facilitate engagement in care and reduce unprotected sex. Given interpersonal risks associated with HIV disclosure, however, anxiety about sharing one's status is common. To investigate anxiety about HIV disclosure in HIV-positive populations, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies, with 119 studies included.

What leads some people to think they are HIV-positive before knowing their diagnosis? A systematic review of psychological and behavioural correlates of HIV-risk perception.

Current HIV-risk perception refers to the extent to which individuals think they might be HIV-positive. This belief, distinct from the perceived risk about being infected with HIV in the future, is likely to have a range of important consequences. These consequences may include both psychological effects (e.

Beliefs about emotions mediate the relationship between emotional suppression and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Cross-sectional and experimental research has demonstrated an association between emotional suppression and IBS. However, the relationship is not well understood.

Aim: To examine the relationships between emotional suppression, we compare the measures of beliefs about emotions and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with healthy controls.

Which Psychological Factors are Related to HIV Testing? A Quantitative Systematic Review of Global Studies.

Deciding to test for HIV is necessary for receiving HIV treatment and care among those who are HIV-positive. This article presents a systematic review of quantitative studies on relationships between psychological (cognitive and affective) variables and HIV testing. Sixty two studies were included (fifty six cross sectional).

Context is Everything: An Investigation of Responsibility Beliefs and Interpretations and the Relationship with Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology across the Perinatal Period.

Background: The cognitive-behavioural model of perinatal OCD suggests the role of increased sense of responsibility during the perinatal period in the development and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. However, the idiosyncratic nature of responsibility attitudes and interpretations of intrusions is not fully understood.

Aims: To investigate how responsibility interpretations regarding intrusions vary across the perinatal period and how this relates to obsessive-compulsive symptomatology.

Helping patients to reach decisions regarding their treatment: Do 'non-directive' approaches cause systematic bias?

Objectives: Many patients want help in considering medical information relevant to treatment decisions they have to make or agree to. The present research investigated whether focussing on particular issues relevant to a medical treatment decision (using an apparently non-directive procedure) could systematically bias a treatment decision.

Design And Methods: In a randomized design, participants (community volunteers, n = 146) were given standard information about treatment of cardiac risk factors by medication (statins).

IAPT and Long Term Medical Conditions: What Can We Offer?

Background: The proposal of a 4-year plan to integrate treatment of people with long term medical conditions (LTCs) into the IAPT service (Department of Health, 2011) seeks for research to understand the effectiveness of IAPT interventions for this patient group.

Aim: The aim of this service development pilot work was to develop an intervention that is effective for people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). It was hypothesized that the standard IAPT intervention would not be effective, but that it can be adapted so that it is effective both in terms of mood and self-management of T2DM.

Parental symptoms of posttraumatic stress after pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation*.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents of children who have been supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to explore associated factors.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting: A specialist pediatric tertiary center in the United Kingdom.

Information giving and involvement in treatment decisions: is more really better? Psychological effects and relation with adherence.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to improve our understanding of the ways in which a medical consultation style relates to satisfaction and adherence.

Design: Participants completed questionnaires about preferred and perceived consultation styles; psychological variables such as satisfaction, anxiety and depression; and questions about taking medication. Questionnaires were completed prior to the consultation, immediately after, three months later and one year later.

Improving the selective neonatal BCG program.

Objectives: The aim of the work was to develop and implement an improved selective neonatal Bacille-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine program in which neonates are systematically assessed, and those identified as at "high risk of being exposed to tuberculosis" are given neonatal BCG.

Design: Service models used in other parts of the country were assessed and their limitations and difficulties were carefully considered. Possible service models for local use were then considered.

Evaluation of a decision-making aid for parents regarding childhood immunizations.

This intervention study evaluates a decision-making aid for parents considering childhood immunizations. Participants (women in 3rd trimester of pregnancy, n = 100) rated likelihood of immunizing their child, anxiety, and perceptions of risk of the diseases and immunizations. Individuals were allocated to intervention group (received a decision aid) or control group (received standard care).

Feeling bad about immunising our children.

Uptake of MMR vaccinations is as low as 60% in some parts of the UK. This poses a serious public health issue. This longitudinal study investigates parental decisions about MMR and single vaccinations.