Recruitment of Young Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men for a Web-Based Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Intervention: Differences in Participant Characteristics and Study Engagement by Recruitment Source in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men have been referred to as a "hard-to-reach" or "hidden" community in terms of recruiting for research studies. With widespread internet use among this group and young adults in general, web-based avenues represent an important approach for reaching and recruiting members of this community. However, little is known about how participants recruited from various web-based sources may differ from one another.

Development of a web-based tool to assess daily rating of perceived exertion in agility dogs.

Objective: To develop a web-based tool for daily use by agility handlers to log rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for dogs as an aid in quantifying daily exercise and training load and to improve training and conditioning strategies.

Procedures: Focus group meetings with small groups of handlers were conducted via internet-based video conferencing using a semi-structured interview format. Meeting notes were coded for reflexive thematic analysis.

Variability in performance of agility dogs navigating a dynamic obstacle.

Introduction: During agility performance, dogs complete a preset obstacle course. The teeter, also known as the seesaw, is the only dynamic contact obstacle. Dogs handle dynamic obstacles differently than static obstacles due to the need for increased coordination and postural control.

Quitline-Based Young Adult Vaping Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining NRT and mHealth.

Introduction: Broad-reaching, effective e-cigarette cessation interventions are needed.

Study Design: This remote, randomized clinical trial tested a mHealth program and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for young adult vaping cessation.

Setting/participants: Social media was used from 2021 to 2022 to recruit 508 young adults (aged 18-24 years) in the U.

A Pilot Study to Assess the Impact of a Multifactorial Explanation for Mental Illness on Prejudicial Attitudes Towards People With Mental Illness.

Public stigma and prejudice toward people with psychiatric conditions is highly prevalent and damaging. Explanations for the origins of mental illness can influence attitudes toward people with these conditions. To date, studies exploring the effects of explanations for the origins of mental illness have focused on genetic or environmental explanations, and the impact of evidence-based multifactorial explanations for psychiatric illness on public attitudes remains unknown.

Cigar-Specific Health Warnings: Attention, Recall, and Perceived Effectiveness Among Young Adult Users and Non-Users.

Unlabelled: Limited research has examined attention to these cigar-specific health warnings and their perceived effectiveness among young people. The objective of our study was to evaluate the attention to and perceptions of a set of cigar-specific health warnings among young adult tobacco users and non-users.

Methods: Young adults ages 18-24 in Columbus, Ohio, were recruited into an eye-tracking experiment examining cigarillo packaging between May 2022 and February 2023.

Analysis of 2019 Ohio Disease Intervention Specialist (DIS) Records for Syphilis Cases Using Clustering Algorithms.

Background: Developments in natural language processing (NLP) and unsupervised machine learning methodologies (e.g., clustering) have given researchers new tools to analyze both structured and unstructured health data.

A Mail-Based HPV Self-Collection Program to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening in Appalachia: Results of a Group Randomized Trial.

Background: Despite the promise of mail-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection programs for increasing cervical cancer screening, few have been evaluated in the United States. We report the results of a mail-based HPV self-collection program for underscreened women living in Appalachia.

Methods: We conducted a group randomized trial from 2021 to 2022 in the Appalachian regions of Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virgnia.

Owner-reported treatments and outcomes of perceived injuries to the thoracic and pelvic limb of agility dogs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the type of veterinary care sought by handlers of injured agility dogs, the types of treatments the dogs received, and the timeframe for return to training and competition.

Procedures: Owners of agility dogs completed an internet-based survey. They were instructed to report injuries that had kept the dog from training or competing for over a week, identify which area(s) of the body had been injured and answer questions about the most severe injury to each body part.

Risk Factors for Injury in Border Collies Competing in Agility Competitions.

Border Collies are the most common breed in agility and their reported injury rate is much higher than that of other breeds. We aimed to identify demographic, training, and competition variables associated with the injury risk for this breed. We hypothesized that higher jump heights and competition at national/international levels would increase the injury risk.

Evaluation of surface type and time of day on agility course performance.

Introduction: Canine agility competitions are performed on a variety of surfaces. In the equine and human literature, surface type has been associated with speed, performance, and injury risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of general surface type and time of day on calculated speed (yards per second over a measured course distance) and course performance during the UKI Agility International (UKI) U.

A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Quitline Vaping Cessation Intervention: Baseline Characteristics of Young Adult Exclusive E-Cigarette Users Seeking Treatment.

Despite interest in quitting vaping among young adults (YAs), little is known about characteristics of e-cigarette (EC) users seeking treatment. In this study, YAs aged 18-24 living in the United States interested in vaping cessation treatment were recruited to complete an online survey regarding demographics and EC use. Primary eligibility criteria were EC use on at least 20 days per month (no other tobacco use), and interest in quitting in the next month.

How do beliefs about different human papillomavirus-related diseases vary among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in the United States?

Purpose: To determine how beliefs about various disease outcomes caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection differ among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YGBMSM).

Methods: From 2019 to 2021, we recruited cisgender YGBMSM ages 18-25 in the United States who were unvaccinated against HPV ( = 1,227). Survey items examined three disease outcomes (genital warts, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer) for each of three different beliefs (perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, and worry).

DNA Methylation, Inflammation, and Neurobehavior in Preterm Infants.

Inflammation contributes to disparate neurodevelopmental outcomes between preterm and term-born infants. In this context, DNA methylation may contribute to inflammation by affecting gene expression. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor () and nuclear factor-kappa-B-inhibitor alpha () are important genes for targeted DNA methylation analysis.

Reconsidering stepped wedge cluster randomized trial designs with implementation periods: Fewer sequences or the parallel-group design with baseline and implementation periods are potentially more efficient.

Background/aims: When designing a cluster randomized trial, advantages and disadvantages of tentative designs must be weighed. The stepped wedge design is popular for multiple reasons, including its potential to increase power via improved efficiency relative to a parallel-group design. In many realistic settings, it will take time for clusters to fully implement the intervention.

Forecasting Hepatitis C Virus Status for Children in the United States: A Modeling Study.

Background: Virtually all cases of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in children in the United States occur through vertical transmission, but it is unknown how many children are infected. Cases of maternal HCV infection have increased in the United States, which may increase the number of children vertically infected with HCV. Infection has long-term consequences for a child's health, but treatment options are now available for children ≥3 years old.

Clinical features of prostate cancer by polygenic risk score.

Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 290 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with prostate cancer. These SNVs can be combined to generate a Polygenic Risk Score (PRS), which estimates an individual's risk to develop prostate cancer. Identifying individuals at higher risk for prostate cancer using PRS could allow for personalized screening recommendations, improve current screening tools, and potentially result in improved survival rates, but more research is needed before incorporating them into clinical use.

Evaluation of variability in performance and paw placement patterns by dogs completing the dog walk obstacle in an agility competition.

The objective of this study was to describe paw placement patterns for canine athletes completing the dog walk obstacle during canine agility trials. It was hypothesized that dogs would demonstrate defined sets of paw placement patterns as they complete the dog walk obstacle and that those could be classified based on end contact behavior. Videos of 296 dogs attempting the dog walk obstacle at the 2021 UK Agility International (UKI) US Open were reviewed online.

Risk factors for the development of stifle injuries in canine agility athletes.

Objectives: Our aim was to determine risk factors for developing stifle injuries in canine agility athletes. We hypothesized that increased weight, increased frequency of competing, and greater number of runs/day would increase risk.

Study Design: Internet based survey,  = 4,197.

Mindfulness-based Interventions Across the Cancer Continuum in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To review mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT) across the cancer continuum.

Data Source: Articles identified in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase.

Study Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria: Two independent reviewers screened articles for: (1) topic relevance; (2) RCT study design; (3) mindfulness activity; (4) text availability; (5) country (United States); and (6) mindfulness as the primary intervention component.

A study to assess the efficacy of enasidenib and risk-adapted addition of azacitidine in newly diagnosed IDH2-mutant AML.

Enasidenib (ENA) is an inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) approved for the treatment of patients with IDH2-mutant relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this phase 2/1b Beat AML substudy, we applied a risk-adapted approach to assess the efficacy of ENA monotherapy for patients aged ≥60 years with newly diagnosed IDH2-mutant AML in whom genomic profiling demonstrated that mutant IDH2 was in the dominant leukemic clone. Patients for whom ENA monotherapy did not induce a complete remission (CR) or CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) enrolled in a phase 1b cohort with the addition of azacitidine.

Maternal hepatitis C virus infection and three adverse maternal outcomes in the United States.

Background: Hepatitis Virus C (HCV) infection rates have trended upwards among pregnant people in the USA since 2009. Existing evidence about HCV infections and maternal outcomes is limited; therefore, we used birth certificate data to investigate the association between HCV infection and maternal health outcomes.

Methods: We used the 2017 US birth certificate dataset (a cross-section of 1.

Racial and Economic Segregation Over the Life Course and Incident Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Among Black Women in California.

Black women in the United States have the highest incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and are disproportionately burdened by its adverse sequalae, compared with women of all racial and ethnic groups. Segregation, a key driver of structural racism for Black families, can provide information critical to understanding these disparities. We examined the association between racial and economic segregation at 2 points and incident HDP using intergenerationally linked birth records of 45,204 Black California-born primiparous mothers (born 1982-1997) and their infants (born 1997-2011), with HDP ascertained from hospital discharge records.