Provider attitudes and current practice regarding the prescription of opioid-containing pain medication for vaginal delivery.

Background: The epidemic of opioid misuse and abuse is rampant in the United States. A large percentage of patients who go on to misuse or abuse opioids were initially legally prescribed an opioid medication by their physician. One of the most common reasons patients of reproductive age seek medical care is for pregnancy and delivery.

Evaluating Shared Decision-Making in Postpartum Contraceptive Counseling Using Objective Structured Clinical Examinations.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) may support widespread uptake of progestin-containing long-acting reversible contraceptives in the immediate postpartum period. We piloted an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) to evaluate first-year obstetrics and gynecology resident physicians' use of SDM in postpartum contraception counseling.

Methods: As part of their 2015 and 2016 OSCEs, first-year OB/GYN residents were instructed to provide contraceptive counseling to a Standardized Patient (SP) portraying a 29-year-old postpartum patient seen during rounds on the morning following her delivery.

Evaluating Shared Decision Making in Trial of Labor After Cesarean Counseling Using Objective Structured Clinical Examinations.

Introduction: Although shared decision making (SDM) is optimal for trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) counseling, resources to assess residents' clinical competency and communication skills are lacking. We addressed this gap by developing and testing an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to evaluate whether learners were able to use SDM in TOLAC counseling.

Methods: We created three simulation scenarios with increasing complexity to assess the skills of residents in their first, second, or third postgraduate year in using SDM in TOLAC counseling.

Evaluating shared decision-making in periviable counseling using objective structured clinical examinations.

Objective: To develop and test an Objective Structured Clinical Examination to evaluate the use of shared decision-making (SDM) in periviable counseling among fourth-year OB/GYN residents.

Methods: Residents counseled a standardized patient presenting with preterm premature rupture of membranes at 23 weeks' gestation. Braddock's 9-item measure of SDM was adapted to a 10-item scoring rubric; rating each: 0 (absent), 1 (partial), or 2 (complete).

Circumcision bleeding complications: neonatal intensive care infants compared to those in the normal newborn nursery.

Purpose: To determine if a significant difference exists in the bleeding complications following circumcision in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) versus the normal newborn nursery (NNN).

Materials And Methods: Observational cohort study of 260 infants undergoing circumcision with Gomco clamp. Vitamin K was given to neonates at delivery.

Preference elicitation tool for abnormal uterine bleeding treatment: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: It is estimated that one-third of women will experience abnormal menstrual bleeding. The majority of these cases are not due to cancer or pregnancy complications and, as a result, women are faced with a variety of treatment alternatives, the selection of which is largely dependent on personal preferences for care rather than clinical outcomes.

Objective: This randomized trial was designed to evaluate a preference elicitation tool to promote physician-patient collaborative decision making for treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).

Vitamin E succinate decreases lung cancer tumor growth in mice.

Background: In vitro studies have shown that Vitamin E succinate (VES) arrests lung cancer proliferation; however, in vivo studies have not been performed. This study examined in vivo effects of VES on lung cancer.

Methods: An in vitro dose-response curve of human A549 lung cancer tumors to VES was established.