Reprint of: Associations between mental health problems and Adverse Childhood Experiences ACEs in indigenous and non-indigenous Mexican adolescents.

Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have long-term consequences. The ACEs model has been extensively used in high-income countries. However, its effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated in low and middle-income countries and marginalized social groups.

Associations between mental health problems and Adverse Childhood Experiences ACEs in indigenous and non-indigenous Mexican adolescents.

Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have long-term consequences. The ACEs model has been extensively used in high-income countries. However, its effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated in low and middle-income countries and marginalized social groups.

ACE-IQ extended version validation and ACE's frequency in Mexican adolescents.

Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) may have short, middle, and long-term consequences on people's development and physical and mental health. There is a need for information on this subject in low- and middle-income countries and a need to reduce recall bias in ACEs research worldwide.

Objective: Hence our objectives were to translate, adapt and validate the Adverse Childhood Experiences extended version and to determine ACEs frequencies in a sample of Mexican adolescents.

[Addressing Child Sexual Abuse: A Call to Action for Providers in Latin AmericaAbordagem da violência sexual infantil: um chamado à ação para os profissionais da América Latina].

The objective of this communication is to outline the key elements required to train health care providers in various occupations (medicine, psychology, dentistry, nursing, social work, nutrition, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, chemistry, pharmacy, and obstetrics, including midwifery, among others) to address child sexual abuse (CSA) and develop care protocols grounded on evidence-based practices, as well as provide resources to optimize both processes. Training on child and adolescent sexual abuse is an essential component of facing this major challenge in Latin America and allowing health care personnel to fulfill their role of safeguarding the security and well-being of children and adolescents. Developing protocols helps health care staff define the roles and responsibilities of individual members, summarize potential red flags of CSA, and describe strategies to best identify and address the health and safety needs of patients and their families, which should include a trauma-informed approach.

Victimization and factors related to polyvictimization in adolescents of Mexico City.

Introduction: Experiencing or being exposed to violence is called victimization; living it can generate repercussions on health, quality of life and life expectancy.

Objectives: To describe victimization and identify factors related to polyvictimization (≥ 4 victimization incidents) in adolescents.

Methods: After informed consent and assent were obtained, the ICAST-C and Youth Self-Report validated self-report questionnaires were applied in nine public secondary schools, by means of which demographic data, six forms of victimization and symptoms related to eight mental health problems were investigated.

ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C): Translation and adaptation to Mexican Spanish, and psychometric properties tested in Mexico City adolescents.

Background: Research using the IPSCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C), has provided ample evidence of the magnitude of violence against children. Knowledge about its psychometric characteristics and validity is limited. Hence, our objective was to translate and culturally adapt the ICAST-C in adolescents from Mexico City and determine its psychometric properties.

Adverse childhood experiences. Knowledge and use by pediatrics residents.

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with the acquisition of risk behaviors and development of chronic and mental diseases since adolescence and in adult life.

Objective: To identify the knowledge and the frequency pediatrics residents ask about ACEs with.

Methods: Through an online survey sent to all resident physicians of the 2017-2018 academic year of a tertiary care children's hospital, demographic variables, knowledge, use, training and barriers to interrogate and search for ACEs were collected.

Child maltreatment data: A summary of progress, prospects and challenges.

Background: In 1996, the ISPCAN Working Group on Child Maltreatment Data (ISPCAN-WGCMD) was established to provide an international forum in which individuals, who deal with child maltreatment data in their respective professional roles, can share concerns and solutions.

Objective: This commentary describes some of the key features and the status of child maltreatment related data collection addressed by the ISPCAN-WGCMD.

Methods: Different types of data collection methods including self-report, sentinel, and administrative data designs are described as well as how they address different needs for information to help understand child maltreatment and systems of prevention and intervention.

Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: Multicentric Experience in Mexico.

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is one of the most severe forms of child abuse due to its morbidity and mortality. However, AHT is still misdiagnosed in developing countries because of its nonspecific clinical picture and limited knowledge of it on the part of physicians. The aim of this study was to describe some characteristics of children with AHT, their families, and caregivers, as well as the clinical data that could serve as signs for its suspicion and the medical-legal resolution of the cases.

[Trauma craneal no accidental en niños: costo económico directo de la atención médica en un hospital de tercer nivel].

Introduction: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is an extreme form of physical abuse that is produced by abruptly shaking an infant or toddler.

Objective: To describe the direct economic cost of care during hospitalization of 14 children with confirmed diagnosis of AHT in a pediatric hospital.

Method: Analysis of the cost of disease in patients with AHT attended to between 2001 and 2010.

[Adolescent pregnancy: its causes and repercussions in the dyad].

Teen pregnancy (TP) is a global public health problem that affects the physical and emotional health, educational and economic status of prospective parents and often also affects the product of gestation. In most cases, the TP is an unplanned event, and often difficult to accept by the couple. But it is more complicated for the future mother who suddenly finds herself without the protection of the couple, her family and her school companions.

[Child abuse: its knowledge, attention and diffusion in three pediatric hospitals in Mexico].

Child abuse (CA) was observed in Mexico since the early 60's through isolated publications from clinical cases and where manifestations of physical injury or sexual abuse predominated. Since the 90's, the Clinic for Integral Care of the Abused Child was established at the National Institute of Pediatrics (CAINM-INP, for its Spanish acronym), which actions were addressed to the care, teaching and research on this topic. This approach was replicated in two hospital centers in the country: the Clinic for Integral Care of the Abused Children at Children's Specialty Care Hospital of Chihuahua and the Pediatric Service of the General Hospital of Mexicali.

[Adverse effects of marijuana in children: Could its knowledge limit the legalization of drugs in Mexico?].

A reflection on whether to expose, determine and clarify the effects of marijuana on pregnant adolescents and their fetus is a determining factor to consider more judiciously the tendency to legalize marijuana in Mexico. We emphasize alterations in the central nervous system, immune system and some genetic aspects of the fetus and its potential expressions at different stages of a child's life. Should pediatricians and parents allow, in addition to the difficulties that their patients and children face today, the risk that is the affordability of marijuana? That is the challenge to overcome.

Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) in Mexican infants.

The immunogenicity and safety of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PHiD-CV, have been documented in European and Asian studies. In this open study conducted in Mexico (NCT00489554), 230 healthy infants received three doses of PHiD-CV and DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccines at 2, 4 and 6 months of age and two doses of oral human rotavirus vaccine at 2 and 4 months. Serotype-specific pneumococcal responses and opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) were measured one month post-dose 3.