Safety of the novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) in infants and young children aged 1 to <5 years and lot-to-lot consistency of the immune response to nOPV2 in infants in The Gambia: a phase 3, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) has been engineered to improve the genetic stability of Sabin oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and reduce the emergence of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses. This trial aimed to provide key safety and immunogenicity data required for nOPV2 licensure and WHO prequalification.

Methods: This phase 3 trial recruited infants aged 18 to <52 weeks and young children aged 1 to <5 years in The Gambia.

Translation of non-canonical open reading frames as a cancer cell survival mechanism in childhood medulloblastoma.

A hallmark of high-risk childhood medulloblastoma is the dysregulation of RNA translation. Currently, it is unknown whether medulloblastoma dysregulates the translation of putatively oncogenic non-canonical open reading frames (ORFs). To address this question, we performed ribosome profiling of 32 medulloblastoma tissues and cell lines and observed widespread non-canonical ORF translation.

Genome-wide pooled CRISPR screening in neurospheres.

Spheroid culture systems have allowed in vitro propagation of cells unable to grow in canonical cell culturing conditions, and may capture cellular contexts that model tumor growth better than current model systems. The insights gleaned from genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) screening of thousands of cancer cell lines grown in conventional culture conditions illustrate the value of such CRISPR pooled screens. It is clear that similar genome-wide CRISPR screens of three-dimensional spheroid cultures will be important for future biological discovery.

Translation of non-canonical open reading frames as a cancer cell survival mechanism in childhood medulloblastoma.

A hallmark of high-risk childhood medulloblastoma is the dysregulation of RNA translation. Currently, it is unknown whether medulloblastoma dysregulates the translation of putatively oncogenic non-canonical open reading frames. To address this question, we performed ribosome profiling of 32 medulloblastoma tissues and cell lines and observed widespread non-canonical ORF translation.

Immunogenicity of novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 administered concomitantly with bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial.

Background: Novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) was developed by modifying the Sabin strain to increase genetic stability and reduce risk of seeding new circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 outbreaks. Bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV; containing Sabin types 1 and 3) is the vaccine of choice for type 1 and type 3 outbreak responses. We aimed to assess immunological interference between nOPV2 and bOPV when administered concomitantly.

PPM1D mutations are oncogenic drivers of de novo diffuse midline glioma formation.

The role of PPM1D mutations in de novo gliomagenesis has not been systematically explored. Here we analyze whole genome sequences of 170 pediatric high-grade gliomas and find that truncating mutations in PPM1D that increase the stability of its phosphatase are clonal driver events in 11% of Diffuse Midline Gliomas (DMGs) and are enriched in primary pontine tumors. Through the development of DMG mouse models, we show that PPM1D mutations potentiate gliomagenesis and that PPM1D phosphatase activity is required for in vivo oncogenesis.

A yeast expressed RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulated with 3M-052-alum adjuvant promotes protective efficacy in non-human primates.

Ongoing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development is focused on identifying stable, cost-effective, and accessible candidates for global use, specifically in low and middle-income countries. Here, we report the efficacy of a rapidly scalable, novel yeast expressed SARS-CoV-2 specific receptor-binding domain (RBD) based vaccine in rhesus macaques. We formulated the RBD immunogen in alum, a licensed and an emerging alum adsorbed TLR-7/8 targeted, 3M-052-alum adjuvants.

A disease burden analysis of garment factory workers in Bangladesh: proposal for annual health screening.

Background: To characterize the health status of selected garment and textile factory workers in Bangladesh using a workplace mobile health clinic.

Methods: A retrospective review of de-identified worker health information was performed using 1906 medical records.

Results: The mean age of the workers was 27.

Drug Repurposing Screen Identifies Foxo1-Dependent Angiopoietin-2 Regulation in Sepsis.

Objective: The recent withdrawal of a targeted sepsis therapy has diminished pharmaceutical enthusiasm for developing novel drugs for the treatment of sepsis. Angiopoietin-2 is an endothelial-derived protein that potentiates vascular inflammation and leakage and may be involved in sepsis pathogenesis. We screened approved compounds for putative inhibitors of angiopoietin-2 production and investigated underlying molecular mechanisms.

[Determinants of quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered as a systemic disease with pulmonary starting point. The use of spirometry alone is certainly not the best way to reflect the impact of disease on quality of life for patients.

Patients And Methods: Prospective study concerning 70 patients treated for COPD.

[Pulmonary fibrosis as a presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis].

Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis secondary to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodypositive vasculitis is rarely reported. Most cases have occurred in association with microscopic polyangiitis.

Case Report: We report the case of an 82-year-old man presenting with pulmonary fibrosis.

[An anterior mediastinal mass of rare etiology].

Hydatid cyst of the mediastinum is very uncommon. The diagnosis, usually evident in endemic regions in the case of a typical clinical-radiological presentation, is rather more difficult in certain atypical forms. We report a case of a 19-year-old man who presented with a mass of tumour like appearance in the anterior mediastinum.