Hydrogen Production in Microbial Electrolysis Cells Using an Alginate Hydrogel Bioanode Encapsulated with a Filter Bag.

The bacterial anode of microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) is the limiting factor in a high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This study focused on improving biofilm attachment to a carbon-cloth anode using an alginate hydrogel. In addition, the modified bioanode was encapsulated by a filter bag that served as a physical barrier, to overcome its low mechanical strength and alginate degradation by certain bacterial species in wastewater.

Microbial Electrolysis Cells Based on a Bacterial Anode Encapsulated with a Dialysis Bag Including Graphite Particles.

One of the main barriers to MEC applicability is the bacterial anode. Usually, the bacterial anode contains non-exoelectrogenic bacteria that act as a physical barrier by settling on the anode surface and displacing the exoelectrogenic microorganisms. Those non-exoelectrogens can also compete with exoelectrogenic microorganisms for nutrients and reduce hydrogen production.

The Performance of a Modified Anode Using a Combination of Kaolin and Graphite Nanoparticles in Microbial Fuel Cells.

The bacterial anode in microbial fuel cells was modified by increasing the biofilm's adhesion to the anode material using kaolin and graphite nanoparticles. The MFCs were inoculated with , kaolin (12.5 g·L), and three different concentrations of graphite (0.