Prolonged Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy: A Case Report.

Hypoglycemic encephalopathy is a rare yet life-threatening diabetes complication, where overlapping symptoms with neurological conditions can delay diagnosis. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent irreversible brain damage. Clinicians should suspect hypoglycemia in diabetic patients with altered mental status, as timely intervention improves outcomes and reduces mortality.

Therapeutic targeting of Wnt antagonists by small molecules for treatment of osteoporosis.

Wnt signaling is one of the key regulators of bone development and homeostasis. Wnt signaling regulates key biological events, including stem cell fate and osteoblast and osteoclast activity, leading to the maintenance of bone mass and strength. Wnt ligands are secreted glycoproteins that bind to Frizzled (FZD) receptors and their coreceptors, lipoprotein receptor-related proteins-5/6 (LRP5/6).

Long-standing retroperitoneal schwannoma in a 36-year-old female: A case report.

Introduction: Schwannomas are encapsulated nerve sheath tumors derived from Schwann cells, primarily found in the head, neck, and extremities. Retroperitoneal schwannomas are rare and typically asymptomatic.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old female presented with a long-standing, asymptomatic right lower abdominal mass.

Chyluria secondary to disseminated tuberculosis in a 13-year-old female child: A case report.

We report the case of chyluria secondary to disseminated tuberculosis in a 13-year-old female child who presented with passage of white colored urine since 5 months, progressive weight loss for 3 months, abdominal distension for 2 months, generalized swelling of body for 15 days, and pain in abdomen for 10 days. Child had good recovery following treatment with antitubercular drugs. Though chyluria is uncommon in children, tuberculosis could be considered as a differential, after ruling out filariasis.

Dilemma in diagnosing incomplete Kawasaki disease in a resource limited setting.

Introduction And Importance: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis that predominantly affects small to medium sized vessels and mostly occurs in children below 5 years of age. The morbidity and mortality mostly occur due to cardiac involvement.

Case Presentation: The authors present a case of a 5-year-old male child from hilly region of Nepal who presented with fever for 7 days along with strawberry tongue and non-exudative conjunctivitis without rashes, extremity changes or lymphadenopathy.

A case report of infanticide in rural Nepal: Sociocultural perspectives and forensic considerations.

This case highlights the complex interplay of mental health, stigma, and lack of contraceptive access underlying tragic instances of infanticide. Comprehensive medicolegal investigation paired with cross-sector efforts to expand reproductive services and transform cultural attitudes is crucial to protect vulnerable women and children.

A tale of two receptors: simultaneous targeting of NMDARs and 5-HT Rs exerts additive effects against stress.

Background: Serotonin (5-HT) receptors and -methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) have both been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety disorders. Here, we evaluated whether targeting both receptors through combined dosing of ( , )-ketamine, an NMDAR antagonist, and prucalopride, a serotonin type IV receptor (5-HT R) agonist, would have additive effects, resulting in reductions in stress-induced fear, behavioral despair, and hyponeophagia.

Methods: A single injection of saline (Sal), ( , )-ketamine (K), prucalopride (P), or a combined dose of ( , )-ketamine and prucalopride (K+P) was administered before or after contextual fear conditioning (CFC) stress in both sexes.

Vaccine Derived Poliovirus (VDPV).

Poliomyelitis is caused by Poliovirus, a member of a large group of enteroviruses. Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) stem from mutated live poliovirus, which is contained in the Oral Polio Virus vaccine (OPV). In addition, the emergence of VDPV is one of the global challenges for the eradication of poliomyelitis.

Outbreak of an emerging zoonotic Nipah virus: An emerging concern.

The Nipah virus (NiV) infection is one of the newly emerging deadly zoonotic diseases which carries a significant weightage of mortality among its victims. Due to the relatively recent history of its emergence and only a few known outbreaks, we cannot predict but foresee its potential to create havoc, which can be far more dreadful than the current ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Here we have tried to depict the fatal potential of the virus and the increased propensity with which it can spread to rest of the world.

Study of correlation between vitamin D3 levels and dry eye.

Purpose: Dry eye is a prevalent disorder of tear film resulting from either decreased tear production or increased tear evaporation. It is becoming a serious issue due to its disturbing symptoms, which become progressively troublesome affecting the work efficiency of patients and increasing financial burden due to lifelong dependency on eye drops. If not detected early, it can lead to sight-threatening complications.

Use of Marsupialisation for a Conservative Approach to Huge Cystic Lesions of the Jaws - A Report of three Cases.

Rationale: The management of cystic lesions of the jaws presents a challenge to the surgeon. Marsupialisation, one of the conservative management options, has been used as a single or combined surgical treatment modality for the cystic lesions of the jaws.

Patient Concerns: All patients presented with a complaint of a firm swelling of the face with one of the patients presenting with paraesthesia in the affected area.

Evaluation of Infraorbital Nerve Recovery and its Effect on Quality of Life following Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures - An Evaluative Study.

Introduction: The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures are the second most common fractures affecting the midfacial skeleton. Neurosensory disturbances of the infraorbital nerve are one of the most common signs of ZMC fractures. The aim of the study was to evaluate the neurosensory recovery of the infraorbital nerve and its effect on the quality of life (QoL) following open reduction and internal fixation of ZMC fractures.

A comprehensive review on space solar power satellite: an idiosyncratic approach.

Space solar power satellite (SSPS) is a prodigious energy system that collects and converts solar power to electric power in space, and then transmits the electric power to Earth wirelessly. The main principle of this system is to supply constant solar energy by placing collectors in geo-synchronous orbit and collecting it on an Earth-based receiver, known as a rectenna. This system can overcome serious drawbacks, especially the pseudo-random intermittent capacity factor of ground-based solar power or photovoltaic systems and modules.

In-silico and in-vivo evaluation of sesamol and its derivatives for benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Unlabelled: Pharmacological treatment for BPH includes 5- reductase inhibitors as Finasteride and Dutasteride as a monotherapy or in combination with antimuscarinic drugs, alpha-blockers, 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitor drugs. Androgen receptor inhibitors revealed several adverse events as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction, and gynecomastia. Hence, the emergence of complementary and alternative medications having safety profile-preferably, edible natural products-would be highly desirable.

Efficacy of free gingival graft in the augmentation of keratinized tissue around implants: A prospective clinical study.

Background: Effectuating adequate width of keratinized tissue (WKT) can lead to a healthy and stable implant/soft tissue interface which is important for the long term success of the implant. The use of free gingival grafts (FGG) for widening the WKT around dental implants increases the amount of attached gingival tissue and prevents clinical attachment loss.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the ability of FGG to create a healthy implant/soft tissue interface.

Cyclodextrin based bone regenerative inclusion complex for resveratrol in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Recent preclinical studies have shown that resveratrol (RSV), is a promising remedy for osteoporosis owing to its estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, RSV has met limited success due to its poor oral bioavailability and inefficient systemic delivery. In this study, we prepared the inclusion complex of RSV with sulfo-butyl ether β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) to enhance the aqueous solubility of RSV.

Evaluating Glycemic Control in Patients of South Asian Origin With Type 2 Diabetes Using a Digital Therapeutic Platform: Analysis of Real-World Data.

Background: Digital therapeutics are evidence-based therapeutic interventions driven by high-quality software programs for the treatment, prevention, or management of a medical disorder or disease. Many studies in the western population have shown the effectiveness of mobile app-based digital therapeutics for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, few studies have assessed similar outcomes in the South Asian population.

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Prevented the Development of Morphine Tolerance by Decreasing IL6 Production and Upregulating μ-Opioid Receptors.

Background: Morphine tolerance on long-term usage leads to chronic pain conditions. Preclinical studies demonstrated that the upregulation of HDACs is associated with a decrease in the sensitivity of μ-opioid receptors, which results in morphine tolerance.

Objective: The present study was designed to assess the influence of the selected known HDAC inhibitors (NMJ2 and NMJ3) on the pain tolerance induced by chronic administration of morphine in Balb/c mice.

Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease-associated Renal Cell Carcinoma (ACKD-RCC) Harbor Recurrent Mutations in KMT2C and TSC2 Genes.

Individuals with acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) in the setting of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a high risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC). ACKD-RCC is considered a distinct renal neoplasm in the International Society of Urologic Pathologists (ISUP)-World Health Organization (WHO) classification of kidney tumors which may behave aggressively. Since its original description, there have been multiple case reports and series published; however, the pathogenesis of this neoplasm is uncertain and there is limited data on the genetic aberrations of this tumor.

Sex-specific neurobiological actions of prophylactic (R,S)-ketamine, (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine, and (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine.

Enhancing stress resilience in at-risk populations could significantly reduce the incidence of stress-related psychiatric disorders. We have previously reported that the administration of (R,S)-ketamine prevents stress-induced depressive-like behavior in male mice, perhaps by altering α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR)-mediated transmission in hippocampal CA3. However, it is still unknown whether metabolites of (R,S)-ketamine can be prophylactic in both sexes.

Metachronous vulvar ectopic breast cancer, a case report and literature review.

•When two or more primary tumors arise at the same time, they are considered synchronous.•A metachronous tumor in a new primary that develops after an initial cancer diagnosis.•The diagnosis of vulvar breast cancer is primarily histopathologic, based on morphology and immunostaining.

Differences in PD-L1-Expressing Macrophages and Immune Microenvironment in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.

Objectives: To characterize the tumor microenvironment of testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) using immunohistochemical markers.

Methods: Seventy-seven orchiectomies, including 36 nonmetastatic (NM) seminomas, 15 metastatic (M) seminomas, 13 nonmetastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs), and 13 metastatic NSGCTs, were studied with PD-1, PD-L1, FOXP3, CD68, CD163, and mismatch repair (MMR) immunohistochemistry. FOXP3+ and PD-1+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) expressing CD68 and CD163 were enumerated.

Non-Propellant Foams of Green Nano-Silver and Sulfadiazine: Development and In Vivo Evaluation for Burn Wounds.

Purpose: A non-propellant based foam (NPF) system was developed incorporating the antibiotics, pectin capped green nano-silver and sulfadiazine (SD) for the topical treatment of burn wounds as a convenient alternative to the existing therapies.

Methods: NPF were prepared using various surfactants and oils forming a nanoemulsion. Anti-microbial studies by resazurin microtitre assay, ex vivo diffusion, in vivo skin permeation and deposition studies, and acute irritation studies were carried out.