Recent developments in microfluidic passive separation to enable purification of platelets for transfusion.

Platelet transfusion is a lifesaving therapy intended to prevent and treat bleeding. However, in addition to platelets, a typical unit also contains a large volume of supernatant that accumulates multiple pro-inflammatory contaminants, including residual leukocytes, microaggregates, microparticles, antibodies, and cytokines. Infusion of this supernatant is responsible for virtually all adverse reactions to platelet transfusions.

Enhancement of cyber security in IoT based on ant colony optimized artificial neural adaptive Tensor flow.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network that connects various hardware, software, data storage, and applications. These interconnected devices provide services to businesses and can potentially serve as entry points for cyber-attacks. The privacy of IoT devices is increasingly vulnerable, particularly to threats like viruses and illegal software distribution lead to the theft of critical information.

Evaluation of oral health, taste perception, nutritional status and emotional well-being in post-menopausal women.

Background: In postmenopausal women (PMW), vasomotor symptoms, emotional oscillations and sleep disturbances can affect physiological and psychological functioning. However, the effect of menopause on oral health-related parameters is not been thoroughly studied.

Objective: To evaluate oral health, taste perception, eating habits, nutritional status and emotional well-being in PMW compared with a group of young and healthy pre-menopausal women (PrMW).

Prevalence and Assessment of Factors Associated With Malnutrition in Children Residing in Slums of Mumbai: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Malnutrition in children continues to be a serious public health problem in India. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition and assess factors contributing to it in children of the marginalized slum population of India, masked in the metropolitan cities.  Methods A retrospective data analysis with a cross-sectional model was conducted by medical volunteers affiliated with the Rotaract Club of Medicrew who had organized a free pediatric health check-up camp in the Dharavi village of Mumbai, India for children under five.

A Day Saved is a Life Saved: Direct Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing from Positively Flagged Blood Culture Bottles and their Concordance with the Routine Method.

Background: Sepsis is a major health problem worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality with every hour delay in initiation of therapy. A conventional method of blood culture and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) takes around 48-72 hours. Empirical antibiotics need to be administered until the sensitivity report is made available.

DermSynth3D: Synthesis of in-the-wild annotated dermatology images.

In recent years, deep learning (DL) has shown great potential in the field of dermatological image analysis. However, existing datasets in this domain have significant limitations, including a small number of image samples, limited disease conditions, insufficient annotations, and non-standardized image acquisitions. To address these shortcomings, we propose a novel framework called DermSynth3D.

Multi-sample -mixup: richer, more realistic synthetic samples from a -series interpolant.

Modern deep learning training procedures rely on model regularization techniques such as data augmentation methods, which generate training samples that increase the diversity of data and richness of label information. A popular recent method, , uses convex combinations of pairs of original samples to generate new samples. However, as we show in our experiments,  can produce undesirable synthetic samples, where the data is sampled off the manifold and can contain incorrect labels.

A review on value-addition to plastic waste towards achieving a circular economy.

Plastic and mixed plastic waste (PW) has received increased worldwide attention owing to its huge rate of production, high persistency in the environment, and unsustainable waste management practices. Therefore, sustainable PW management and upcycling approaches are imperative to achieve the objectives of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Numerous recent studies have shown the application and feasibility of various PW conversion techniques to produce materials with better economic value.

Role of in clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background And Aims: Sepsis-induced immunosuppression appears to be reversible with immunomodulatory drugs. (MIP) stimulates the Th1 type of immune response. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was aimed to find out if MIP is effective at improving clinical outcomes in sepsis patients.

Sleep loss disrupts decision-making ability and neuronal cytomorphology in zebrafish and the effects are mediated by noradrenaline acting on α1-adrenoceptor.

Sleep is an instinct behavior, and its significance and functions are still an enigma. It is expressed throughout one's life and its loss affects psycho-somatic and physiological processes. We had proposed that it might maintain a fundamental property of the neurons and the brain.

Efficient pneumonia detection using Vision Transformers on chest X-rays.

Pneumonia is a widespread and acute respiratory infection that impacts people of all ages. Early detection and treatment of pneumonia are essential for avoiding complications and enhancing clinical results. We can reduce mortality, improve healthcare efficiency, and contribute to the global battle against a disease that has plagued humanity for centuries by devising and deploying effective detection methods.

Separation of platelets by size in a microfluidic device based on controlled incremental filtration.

The significant biological and functional differences between small and large platelets suggested by recent studies could have profound implications for transfusion medicine. However, investigating the relationship between platelet size and function is challenging because separating platelets by size without affecting their properties is difficult. A standard approach is centrifugation, but it inevitably leads to premature activation and aggregation of separated platelets.

Rapid, label-free enrichment of lymphocytes in a closed system using a flow-through microfluidic device.

The majority of adoptive cellular therapies are produced from peripheral mononuclear cells obtained via leukapheresis and further enriched for the cells of interest (e.g., T cells).

Interobserver reproducibility of RENAL nephrometry score in comparison to simplified PADUA Renal nephrometry score.

Introduction: Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the standard of care for renal tumors, especially in the early stages. RENAL Nephrometry scores provide a comprehensive presurgical predictive module for the choice of NSS or Radical Nephrectomy. The validity and reliability of Nephrometry scores is being tested continuously with advancement in the surgical techniques.

The Comparison of Dexmedetomidine to Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Upper Limb Surgeries.

Background The clinical utility of adjuvants with local anesthesia produces an excellent nerve block with prolonged duration and faster onset. Brachial plexus block is widely used nowadays in patients undergoing upper limb surgery There are several approaches to achieve brachial plexus block such as interscalene, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, and axillary. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of dexamethasone to dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in patients undergoing ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus (USG-ICBP) block.

Poor Representation of Developing Countries in Editorial Boards of Leading Obstetrics and Gynaecology Journals.

Evidence suggests a limited contribution to the total research output in leading obstetrics and gynaecology journals by researchers from the developing world. Editorial bias, quality of scientific research produced and language barriers have been attributed as possible causes for this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of editorial board members based out of low and lower-middle income countries in leading journals in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology.

A survey on deep learning for skin lesion segmentation.

Skin cancer is a major public health problem that could benefit from computer-aided diagnosis to reduce the burden of this common disease. Skin lesion segmentation from images is an important step toward achieving this goal. However, the presence of natural and artificial artifacts (e.

Recent advancements in antimony (Sb) removal from water and wastewater by carbon-based materials: a systematic review.

Antimony (Sb) has been classified as a high-priority contaminant in the environment. Sb contamination resulting from the use of antimony-containing compounds in industry necessitates the development of efficient methods to remove it from water and wastewater. Adsorption is a highly efficient and reliable method for pollutants removal owing to its availability, recyclability, and low cost.

Dosimetric Study to Estimate Deviations in Delivered Radiation Dose due to Occluded Air Spaces in Vaginal Vault Brachytherapy Applications.

Background: To develop a dosimetric tool to estimate the dose delivered in the presence of air pockets with EBT3 film while simulating the conditions of vaginal vault brachytherapy (VVBT) with 3.0 diameter cylindrical applicator at a prescription dose distance of 5mm from the surface of it.

Materials And Method: Six acrylic plates (10 cm x 10 cm, 0.

Disaster management ontology- an ontological approach to disaster management automation.

The geographical location of any region, as well as large-scale environmental changes caused by a variety of factors, invite a wide range of disasters. Floods, droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, landslides, tornadoes, and cloudbursts are all common natural disasters that destroy property and kill people. On average, 0.