Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct drainage: a comprehensive state of the art review.

Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) has traditionally been the standard modality for pancreatic endotherapy. However, in certain situations, failure of retrograde ductal access may warrant an alternative modality of drainage. This can occur in various settings like difficult and/or surgically altered anatomy or duodenal obstruction.

Strategies to Improve Colonoscopy Preparation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.

Background And Aims: Colonoscopy has a vital role in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as in the estimation of disease severity, monitoring response to therapy, and surveillance for neoplasia. We performed a systematic review of randomised trials of various bowel preparations for colonoscopy in IBD.

Methods: We searched various electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL) for studies reporting about the use of various strategies to improve colonoscopy preparation in IBD.

The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Early Chronic Pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an irreversible and progressive inflammation of the pancreas that can involve both pancreatic parenchyma and the pancreatic duct. CP results in morphological changes in the gland in the form of fibrosis and calcification along with functional impairment in the form of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Studies on the natural history of CP reveal the irreversibility of the condition and the resultant plethora of complications, of which pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most dreaded one.

Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common (90%) type of solid pancreatic neoplasm. Due to its late presentation and poor survival rate, early diagnosis and timely treatment is of utmost importance for better clinical outcomes. Endoscopic ultrasound provides high-resolution images of the pancreas and has excellent sensitivity in the diagnosis of even small (<2 cm) pancreatic lesions.

Endoscopic Ultrasound in Pancreatic Duct Anomalies.

Embryological development of the pancreas is a complex phenomenon and, therefore, it can have multiple developmental aberrations. Fortunately, the majority of these pancreatic ductal anomalies are asymptomatic with no clinical relevance and are incidentally detected during diagnostic cross-sectional imaging or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or autopsy. Occasionally, pancreatic duct anomalies can result in symptoms like abdominal pain or recurrent pancreatitis.

Drug-Resistant : Diagnosis and Evidence-Based Approach.

() is the most common chronic bacterial infection, affecting approximately half of the world's population. is a Class I carcinogen according to the World Health Organization, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has linked it to 90% of stomach cancer cases worldwide. The overall pattern points to a yearly reduction in eradication rates of with the likelihood of success further decreasing after each unsuccessful therapeutic effort.

Comparison of Single Versus Two Non-Compression Miniplates in the Management of Unfavourable Angle Fracture of the Mandible Orginal Research.

Aim: To compare the postoperative complications of fixing Mandibular angle fractures with two non-compression mini plates, on the superior and lateral the aspects of the mandible, to the standard technique of using a single non-compression miniplate on the superior border.

Methodology: Fifty patients with MAF were divided equally into two groups. Patients in Group 1 were secured with two mini plates at the lateral and superior border of the MA using an extraoral approach; for patients in Group 2 a single non-compression miniplate was used via an intraoral extended third molar approach as described by Champy .

Retrieval of Fractured Implant Abutment Screws: A Narrative Review.

Objective: Implant abutment screws can fracture due to various biomechanical factors. Improper fit of the prosthesis, inadequate seating of the abutment, occlusal interference, and manufacturing errors are some of the causes that can result in an abutment screw fracture. Retrieval of the retained fractured abutment screw is quite challenging to the clinician.

Blocking SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain Binding with the ACE2 Receptor of the Host Cell and Inhibiting Virus Infections Using Human Host Defense Peptide-Conjugated Graphene Quantum Dots.

The emergence of double mutation delta (B.1.617.

Posttraumatic stress disorder among patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma in a South Indian population.

Aim: To determine the incidence and severity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in maxillofacial trauma patients and to assess the predisposing factors.

Methods And Results: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was assessed as per the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria. The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), was used initially to screen patients for PTSD for a provisional diagnosis.

Implementation of Routine Cognitive Screening in the Preoperative Assessment Clinic.

Traditional systems of anesthesia evaluation do not routinely incorporate cognitive screening into preoperative assessments of vital organ systems. Increasing recognition of the importance of preoperative cognitive assessment of the elderly surgical patient has resulted in a "call to action" from experts in this area. A paradigm shift will be necessary to make this screening routine and not just a research tool.

Age related differences of selected Hatha yoga practices on anthropometric characteristics, muscular strength and flexibility of healthy individuals.

Background: Physiological benefits of yoga on volunteers of a particular age group are available. However, reports on efficacy of a specific yoga package on the populace of different age groups from similar occupational background is still very limited. Therefore, the present study was conducted to appraise the effect of a specific Hatha yoga package on anthropometric characteristics, flexibility and muscular strength of healthy individuals of different age groups from similar occupational trade.

Age-related changes in cardiovascular system, autonomic functions, and levels of BDNF of healthy active males: role of yogic practice.

Aging is associated with decline in cardiovascular, autonomic function, and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). Reports are scanty regarding whether yoga can improve age-related degenerative changes in healthy active men. This study is designed to appraise the role of yoga in improving age-related degenerative changes in cardiometabolic risk profile, autonomic function, stress, and BDNF.

Meditation as an intervention for cognitive disturbances following total sleep deprivation.

Background & Objectives: Decline in cognitive functions is a major challenge for professionals during sustained wakefulness. We used middle latency response (MLR), event related potentials P300-ERP and contingent negative variation (CNV) and Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) - a standard neuropsychological test were used to evaluate cognitive impairment after total sleep deprivation (SD); and to study the impact of meditation as an intervention for this impairment.

Methods: Healthy male volunteers (n=10) drawn randomly from the Indian Army participated in a 6-night study design executed before and after two months of meditation practice: night 1-adaptation, night 2-baseline, night 3-24 h SD, night 4-recovery sleep, night 5-24 h SD after 60 days meditation, night 6-recovery sleep after SD.

Modafinil improves event related potentials P300 and contingent negative variation after 24 h sleep deprivation.

Aims: The efficacy of modafinil as a countermeasure in the reduction of cognitive decline following 24 h of sleep deprivation (SD) on subjective sleepiness scales, event-related potential (ERP) P300, and contingent negative variation (CNV) was evaluated.

Main Methods: Eleven healthy males, age 25-30 years participated. The experiment was performed in five sessions on different days between 7 and 8a.

Electrophysiological correlates of cognition improve with nap during sleep deprivation.

The efficacy of a 30-min nap as a countermeasure in the reduction of cognitive decline following 24 h of sleep deprivation (SD) on subjective sleepiness scales, event-related potential (ERP) P300, and contingent negative variation (CNV) was evaluated. The experiment was performed in three sessions on different days between 7 and 8 a.m.