Household solid fuel burning emission characterization and activity levels in India.

Emission factors (EFs) of PM carbon fractions, major ionic (K, Ca, NH, SO, NO and Cl) and elemental (Al, Cr, Cu and Fe) species from combustion of commonly used household solid fuel were determined in 10 different states in India during cooking practices. The study involved sampling during actual household cooking involving use of a variety of fuels including coal balls (CB), fuel wood (FW), dung cakes (DC), crop residues (CR), mixed fuels (MF: dung cakes + fuel woods). Species-wise highest EFs (g·kg) were: 34.

Temporal and spatial variations of PM organic and elemental carbon in Central India.

This study describes spatiotemporal patterns from October 2015 to September 2016 for PM mass and carbon measurements in rural (Kosmarra), urban (Raipur), and industrial (Bhilai) environments, in Chhattisgarh, Central India. Twenty-four-hour samples were acquired once every other week at the rural and industrial sites. Twelve-hour daytime and nighttime samples were acquired either a once a week or once every other week at the urban site.