Sirt5 regulates chondrocyte metabolism and osteoarthritis development through protein lysine malonylation.

Objectives: Chondrocyte metabolic dysfunction plays an important role in osteoarthritis (OA) development during aging and obesity. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) have recently emerged as an important regulator of cellular metabolism. We aim to study one type of PTM, lysine malonylation (MaK) and its regulator Sirt5 in OA development.

Visible Light-Assisted Coordination of a Rh(III)-BODIPY Complex to Guanine.

Most photodynamic therapeutics (PDTs) used in cancer treatment require oxygen to work efficiently to terminate cancer cells. These PDTs do not efficiently treat tumors in hypoxic conditions. Rh(III) polypyridyl complexes have been reported to have a photodynamic therapeutic effect in hypoxic conditions when exposed to UV light.

PlantNexus: A Gene Co-expression Network Database and Visualization Tool for Barley and Sorghum.

Global gene co-expression networks (GCNs) are powerful tools for functional genomics whereby putative functions and regulatory mechanisms can be inferred by gene co-expression. Cereal crops, such as Hordeum vulgare (barley) and Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), are among the most important plants to civilization. However, co-expression network tools for these plants are lacking.

Posttranscriptional regulation of cellulose synthase genes by small RNAs derived from cellulose synthase antisense transcripts.

Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms governing plant cell wall biosynthesis are incomplete. Expression programs that activate wall biosynthesis are well understood, but mechanisms that control the attenuation of gene expression networks remain elusive. Previous work has shown that small RNAs (sRNAs) derived from the 6 (, ) antisense transcripts are naturally produced and are capable of regulating aspects of wall biosynthesis.

Extensins: Self-Assembly, Crosslinking, and the Role of Peroxidases.

The extensin (EXT) network is elaborated by the covalent intermolecular crosslinking of EXT glycoprotein monomers, and its proper assembly is important for numerous aspects of basic wall architecture and cellular defense. In this review, we discuss new advances in the secretion of EXT monomers and the molecular drivers of EXT network self-assembly. Many of the functions of EXTs are conferred through covalent crosslinking into the wall, so we also discuss the different types of known intermolecular crosslinks, the enzymes that are involved, as well as the potential for additional crosslinks that are yet to be identified.

Synthesis, Characterization and Comparison of Local Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity of Copper and Zinc Complexes of Indomethacin.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) exert gastrointestinal upset by inhibiting mucosal cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and complexation technique with metals has been adopted to overcome this drawback.

Objective: The study aimed to overcome the gastrointestinal side effects associated with indomethacin treatment by synthesizing copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) complexes of indomethacin along with assessing potential pharmacological effects of these complexes.

Method: The characterization of synthesized complexes was done by FT-IR, XRD, UV-Vis, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).