Demystifying the management of cancer through smart nano-biomedicine via regulation of reactive oxygen species.

Advancements in therapeutic strategies and combinatorial approaches for cancer management have led to the majority of cancers in the initial stages to be regarded as treatable and curable. However, certain high-grade cancers in the initial stages are still regarded as chronic and difficult to manage, requiring novel therapeutic strategies. In this era of targeted and precision therapy, novel strategies for targeted delivery of drug and synergistic therapies, integrating nanotherapeutics, polymeric materials, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment are being developed.

COVID 19: Prevention and treatment through the Indian perspective.

The most destructive period the world has experienced seems to be behind us. Not a single nation was spared by this disease, and many continue to struggle today. Even after recovering from COVID, patient may continue to experience some post-COVID effects, such as heart irregularities or a decline in lung vitality.

Emerging Landscape of Models for Assessing Rheumatoid Arthritis Management.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex condition that is influenced by various causes, including immunological, genetic, and environmental factors. Several studies using animal models have documented immune system dysfunction and described the clinical characteristics of the disease. These studies have provided valuable insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis and the identification of new targets for treatment.

Exploration of gut microbiome and inflammation: A review on key signalling pathways.

The gut microbiome, a crucial component of the human system, is a diverse collection of microbes that belong to the gut of human beings as well as other animals. These microbial communities continue to coexist harmoniously with their host organisms and perform various functions that affect the host's general health. Each person's gut microbiota has a unique makeup.

Evaluation of the association of chronic inflammation and cancer: Insights and implications.

Among the most extensively researched processes in the development and treatment of cancer is inflammatory condition. Although acute inflammation is essential for the wound healing and reconstruction of tissues that have been damaged, chronic inflammation may contribute to the onset and growth of a number of diseases, including cancer. By disrupting the signaling processes of cells, which result in cancer induction, invasion, and development, a variety of inflammatory molecules are linked to the development of cancer.

Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) through application of indigenous strain Alcaligenes faecalis ISJ128.

The resiliency of plastic products against microbial degradation in natural environment often creates devastating changes for humans, plants, and animals on the earth's surface. Biodegradation of plastics using indigenous bacteria may serve as a critical approach to overcome this resulting environmental stress. In the present work, a polyethylene degrading bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis strain ISJ128 (Accession No.

Role of the Dietary Phytochemical Curcumin in Targeting Cancer Cell Signalling Pathways.

The diarylheptanoid curcumin [(1,6)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione] is one of the phenolic pigments responsible for the yellow colour of turmeric ( L.). This phytochemical has gained much attention in recent years due to its therapeutic potential in cancer.

The integrative bioinformatics approaches to predict the xanthohumol as anti-breast cancer molecule: Targeting cancer cells signaling PI3K and AKT kinase pathway.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, and vast research is being conducted throughout the world for the treatment of this malignancy by natural products using various computational approaches. Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid, is known for its anticancer activity; however, the mechanism behind its action is still in the preliminary stage.

Methods: The current study aimed to analyze the efficacy of xanthohumol compared to the currently available anticancer drugs targeting phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine kinase (AKT) receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) for breast cancer treatment through analysis.

Revisiting scrub typhus: A neglected tropical disease.

Scrub typhus is an under diagnosed re-emerging vector borne disease caused by an intracellular gram negative bacteria, Orientia. The disease is commonly prevalent in rural and hilly areas of Tsutsugumashi triangle. The diagnosis of the disease is very challenging due to similarity of its early symptoms with other febrile illnesses, like dengue and COVID 19, as well as non-availability of rapid, reliable and cost-effective methods.

Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of emodin for human health.

Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is a bioactive compound, a natural anthraquinone aglycone, present mainly in herbaceous species of the families Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae, with a physiological role in protection against abiotic stress in vegetative tissues. Emodin is mainly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat sore throats, carbuncles, sores, blood stasis, and damp-heat jaundice. Pharmacological research in the last decade has revealed other potential therapeutic applications such as anticancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.

Cancer Stem Cells: From an Insight into the Basics to Recent Advances and Therapeutic Targeting.

Cancer is characterized by an abnormal growth of the cells in an uncontrolled manner. These cells have the potential to invade and can eventually turn into malignancy, leading to highly fatal forms of tumor. Small subpopulations of cancer cells that are long-lived with the potential of excessive self-renewal and tumor formation are called cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer-initiating cells or tumor stem cells.

An Updated Review on The Properties of L.: Not Exclusively Anti-anxiety.

L. is a plant of the Lamiaceae family known in numerous countries for its medicinal activities. This plant has been used since ancient times to treat different disorders, including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, neurological, psychological conditions.

-Derived Phytochemicals for Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications.

belongs to the Urticaceae family and is found in many countries around the world. This plant contains a broad range of phytochemicals, such as phenolic compounds, sterols, fatty acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and lignans, that have been widely reported for their excellent pharmacological activities, including antiviral, antimicrobial, antihelmintic, anticancer, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antiarthritis, antidiabetic, antiendometriosis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging effects. In this regard, this review highlights fresh insight into the medicinal use, chemical composition, pharmacological properties, and safety profile of to guide future works to thoroughly estimate their clinical value.

Antidepressant activity of Spathodea campanulata in mice and predictive affinity of spatheosides towards type A monoamine oxidase.

The antidepressant activity of Spathodea campanulata flowers was evaluated in mice and in silico. When tested at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, the methanol extract of S. campanulata (MESC) showed dose-dependent antidepressant activity in the force swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), lithium chloride-induced twitches test and the open field test.

Cancer and diabetes: the interlinking metabolic pathways and repurposing actions of antidiabetic drugs.

Cancers are regarded as one of the main causes of death and result in high health burden worldwide. The management of cancer include chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. The chemotherapy, which involves the use of chemical agents with cytotoxic actions is utilised as a single treatment or combined treatment.

Antibacterial activity and phytochemical characterisation of Saussurea gossypiphora D. Don.

The study demonstrates that S. gossypiphora contain number of secondary metabolites such as steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, carbohydrates, saponins, and amino acids. Methanolic extract (MESG) of the plant contained highest quantity of phenolics, flavonoids and has greater antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity in comparison to other extracts.

Micro-RNA: The darkhorse of cancer.

The discovery of micro RNAs (miRNA) in cancer has opened up new vistas for researchers in recent years. Micro RNAs area set of small, endogenous, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that control the expression of about 30% genes at post-transcriptional levels. Typically, microRNAs impede the translation and stability of messenger RNAs (mRNA), control genes associated with cellular processes namely inflammation, cell cycle regulation, stress response, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration.

spp.: A Review on Its Immune-Stimulatory and Other Biological Potentials.

In recent decades, interest in the genus has amplified due to its immunostimulatory potential. species, its extracts, and bioactive constituents have been related with cytokine production such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, phagocytosis stimulation of immune cells, nitric oxide production by increasing inducible nitric oxide synthase activity, and stimulation of inflammatory response via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Other pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anti-cancer, antihyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, anti-fatigue, anti-aging, hypocholesterolemic, hypotensive, vasorelaxation, anti-depressant, aphrodisiac, and kidney protection, has been reported in pre-clinical studies.

Curcumin nanoformulations for antimicrobial and wound healing purposes.

The development and spread of resistance to antimicrobial drugs is hampering the management of microbial infectious and wound healing processes. Curcumin is the most active and effective constituent of Curcuma longa L., also known as turmeric, and has a very long and strong history of medicinal value for human health and skincare.

Phytosterols: From Preclinical Evidence to Potential Clinical Applications.

Phytosterols (PSs) are plant-originated steroids. Over 250 PSs have been isolated, and each plant species contains a characteristic phytosterol composition. A wide number of studies have reported remarkable pharmacological effects of PSs, acting as chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiatherosclerotic agents.

Ficus plants: State of the art from a phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological perspective.

Ficus genus is typically tropical plants and is among the earliest fruit trees cultivated by humans. Ficus carica L. is the common fig, Ficus benjamina L.

Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases.

Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Long term exposure to increased levels of pro-oxidant factors can cause structural defects at a mitochondrial DNA level, as well as functional alteration of several enzymes and cellular structures leading to aberrations in gene expression. The modern lifestyle associated with processed food, exposure to a wide range of chemicals and lack of exercise plays an important role in oxidative stress induction.

Targeting Glycoproteins as a therapeutic strategy for diabetes mellitus and its complications.

Objectives: Glycoproteins are organic compounds formed from proteins and carbohydrates, which are found in many parts of the living systems including the cell membranes. Furthermore, impaired metabolism of glycoprotein components plays the main role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of glycoprotein levels in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.