A Comparative Study between Local Dexmedetomidine and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine during Awake Fiberoptic Nasotracheal Intubation.

Background: Awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) is the gold standard for managing a difficult airway. To make the patient comfortable and cooperative during the procedure, many drugs such as benzodiazepines, opioids, or dexmedetomidine are used. Most of these intravenously given drugs may cause respiratory depression and hypoxia.