Spatio-temporal analysis of urban heat island (UHI) and its effect on urban ecology: The case of Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia.

The bio-geophysical effects of land cover classes are considered to be an important factor in land surface temperature variations between urban and suburban areas. This means that major cities are significantly warmer than surrounding suburban or rural areas, which is known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The aim of this study was to assess and analyze the spatiotemporal variation, correlation and impact of UHIs on Mekelle city (1990-2020) using remote sensing techniques.