Insecticidal formulation based on essential oil from Linn. Herb supported onto modified kaolinite for stored maize protection.

In this study, essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves of Ocimum basilicum and it was analyzed by GC-MS. Eucalyptol (11.19 %), -iso eugenol (13.

The influences of street food vendor frying equipment on the quality of frying oil.

This study was initiated to determine the quality of fresh and used oil for street vendor fried food products in Harar City, Ethiopia. Using a purposive sample technique, 12 respondents were selected for the study. The study obtained a total of 12 oil samples, categorized as fresh, in-use, and discarded, from two distinct groups of respondents.

Correction: Two-test algorithms for infectious disease diagnosis: Implications for COVID-19.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.

Improving Documentation of Pain Reassessment after Pain Management Interventions in the NICU.

Background: Neonates exposed to painful procedures require pain assessment and reassessment using nonverbal scales. Nurses perform initial assessments routinely, but reassessment is variable. The goal was to increase pain reassessments in neonates with a previous score of 4 or higher within 60 minutes from 50% to 75% within 12 months.

Advanced modeling and optimizing for surface sterilization process of grape vine () root stock 3309C through response surface, artificial neural network, and genetic algorithm techniques.

In vitro sterilization is one of the key components for proceeding with plant tissue cultures. Since the effectiveness of sterilization has a direct impact on the culture's final outcomes, there is a crucial need for optimization of the sterilization process. However, compared with traditional optimizing methods, the use of computational approaches through artificial intelligence-based process modeling and optimization algorithms provides a precise optimal condition for culturing.

Two-test algorithms for infectious disease diagnosis: Implications for COVID-19.

Diagnostic assays for various infectious diseases, including COVID-19, have been challenged for their utility as standalone point-of-care diagnostic tests due to suboptimal accuracy, complexity, high cost or long turnaround times for results. It is therefore critical to optimise their use to meet the needs of users. We used a simulation approach to estimate diagnostic outcomes, number of tests required and average turnaround time of using two-test algorithms compared with singular testing; the two tests were reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and an antigen-based rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT).

Value of Verbal Autopsy in a Fragile Setting: Reported versus Estimated Community Deaths Associated with COVID-19, Banadir, Somalia.

Background: Accurate mortality data associated with infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are often unavailable in countries with fragile health systems such as Somalia. We compared officially reported COVID-19 deaths in Somalia with COVID-19 deaths estimated using verbal autopsy.

Methods: We interviewed relatives of deceased persons to collect information on symptoms, cause, and place of death.

A Customized Triggers Program: A Children's Hospital's Experience in Improving Trigger Usability.

Background: Despite the growth of patient safety programs across the United States, errors and adverse events remain a source of patient harm. Many hospitals rely on retrospective voluntary reporting systems; however, there are opportunities to improve patient safety using novel tools like trigger programs.

Methods: Children's National Hospital developed a unique pediatric triggers program that offers customized, near real-time reports of potential safety events.

Evaluation of the electronic Early Warning and Response Network (EWARN) system in Somalia, 2017-2020.

Background: In 2008, Somalia introduced an electronic based Early Warning Alert and Response Network (EWARN) for real time detection and response to alerts of epidemic prone diseases in a country experiencing a complex humanitarian situation. EWARN was deactivated between 2008 to 2016 due to civil conflict and reactivated in 2017 during severe drought during a cholera outbreak. We present an assessment of the performance of the EWARN in Somalia from January 2017 to December 2020, reflections on the successes and failures, and provide future perspectives for enhancement of the EWARN to effectively support an Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response strategy.

Preliminary findings of COVID-19 infection in health workers in Somalia: A reason for concern.

Background: Somalia, a country with a long history of instability, has a fragile healthcare system that is consistently understaffed. A large number of healthcare workers (HCWs) have become infected during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Objective: This report presents the preliminary findings of COVID-19 infection in Somali HCWs, the first of such information from Somalia.

Evaluation of the mineral content, phyto-chemicals profile and microbial quality of tef supplemented by fenugreek flour.

Fenugreek is one of the well-known spices, used for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, pharmaceutical and nutritional properties. Information on fenugreek seed flour blend with teff for a bakery product is scanty. This study was initiated to evaluate the effect of substitution of teff flour with fenugreek seed flours on the mineral, phyto-chemicals and microbiological quality of produced Teff-fenugreek composite samples were prepared by substituted teff flour with 4, 8, 12, and 16% fenugreek seed flours (raw, roasted and germinated).

Physicochemical Properties and Effect of Processing Methods on Mineral Composition and Antinutritional Factors of Improved Chickpea Varieties Grown in Ethiopia.

Chickpea (.) is an important pulse crop grown and consumed all over the world because it is a good source of carbohydrates and protein. However, presence of antinutritional components restricts its use by interfering with digestion of macronutrients Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate properties and effect of processing methods on antinutritional factors and mineral composition of improved chickpea varieties (Natoli of Desi and Arerti of Kabuli) grown in Ethiopia.

Nutritional quality of Oyster Mushroom () as affected by osmotic pretreatments and drying methods.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of osmotic pretreatments prior to drying and different drying methods on nutritional quality of dried mushroom slices. The experiment consisted of sun, solar, and oven drying after dipping the slices in salt solutions of 5 and 10% concentrations for 50 minutes, the control being untreated mushroom sample. Significant differences in proximate composition were observed between the fresh and dried mushroom samples.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a common parasitic infection caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii. If primary toxoplasmosis occurs during pregnancy about one third of the cases could lead to congenital toxoplasmosis, with subsequent pathological effects. This study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of T.

Association of Hepatitis C Virus Infection with Type II Diabetes in Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.

Background. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become the global "epidemic" with an estimated 123 million people currently infected worldwide. As the same time diabetes is also rapidly emerging as a global health care problem that threatens to reach pandemic levels by 2030.

Smear Posetive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) Prevalence Amongst Patients at Agaro Teaching Health Center, South West Ethiopia.

Background: World Health organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis as a global emergency because it poses a serious public health threat in different countries especially, in Africa. According to WHO report of 2007, Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) coverage in Ethiopia reached 95 percent of the population; despite this fact the trend of tuberculosis in most of the districts of Ethiopia is not known. Hence, this study has revealed the trend and determined the overall prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in five years (2005/6-2009/10) in Agaro teaching health center, south west Ethiopia.

Oral health status of patients with mental disorders in southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Psychiatric disorders are known to be a risk factor for the development of different oral health problems especially for dental caries and periodontal diseases. In spite of this fact, no study has been conducted to reveal its magnitude in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the oral health status of psychiatric patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH), Psychiatric Clinic.

M. tuberculosis in Lymph Node Biopsy Paraffin-Embedded Sections.

Background. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis is one of the most common forms of all extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Objective.