Publications by authors named "Abelson H"

In order to promote the practice of co-creation, a real-time collaboration (RTC) version of the popular block-based programming (BBP) learning environment, MIT App Inventor (MAI), was proposed and implemented. RTC overcomes challenges related to non-collocated group work, thus lowering barriers to cross-region and multi-user collaborative software development. An empirical study probed into the differential impact on self-efficacy and collaborative behavior of learners in the environment depending upon their disciplinary background.

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A comprehensive discussion of professionalism in medicine must include its impact on successive generations of physicians. Fifty years ago, doctors acting professionally emphasized medicine as a calling and an ability to act as the authority for patients in crisis at home and in hospitals. Therapeutic options were limited relative to the modern era, and the laying on of hands was practiced as science and art.

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Leadership has emerged as a key theme in the rapidly growing movement to improve patient safety. Leading an organization that is committed to providing safer care requires overcoming the common traps in thinking about error, such as blaming individuals, ignoring the underlying systems factors, and blaming the bureaucracy of the organization. Leaders must address the system issues that are at work within their organizations to allow individual and organizational learning to occur.

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After having made decisions about college, medical school, and specialty training, some residents may delay consideration of their future career in pediatrics. Others, having decided what path they will pursue, are not clear as to what steps need to be taken to ensure that they approach their choice armed with the most appropriate and accurate information. Residents seek career choice information from various sources.

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The Future of Pediatric Education II (FOPE II) Project was a 3-year, grant-funded initiative, which continued the work begun by the 1978 Task Force on the Future of Pediatric Education. Its primary goal was to proactively provide direction for pediatric education for the 21st century. To achieve this goal, 5 topic-specific workgroups were formed: 1) the Pediatric Generalists of the Future Workgroup, 2) the Pediatric Specialists of the Future Workgroup, 3) the Pediatric Workforce Workgroup, 4) the Financing of Pediatric Education Workgroup, and 5) the Education of the Pediatrician Workgroup.

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The authors' impression is that the CBC provides much more information than is routinely used. When anemia is present, the CBC contains considerable information regarding its cause, which can assist in formulating a differential diagnosis and directing further evaluation. White blood cell and platelet count levels may similarly direct practitioners to consider or dismiss underlying conditions.

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We describe two children who had breath-holding spells that were accelerating in frequency and severity and in one case had recrudesced. Both patients had signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings of severe anemia. With correction of anemia the breath-holding spells promptly and completely resolved in each case.

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Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), the main target for methotrexate and other antifolate compounds was found to be present in 100-200 times higher concentration in human cell lines grown in vitro than in human tumors or cells obtained in situ. The DHFR content of human cell lines in vitro however were equivalent to rodent tumor lines also measured in vitro. The enzyme was quantitated by [3H]methotrexate binding, [3H]dihydrofolate reduction to [3H]tetrahydrofolate, and immunoprecipitation with a monospecific anti-serum to DHFR.

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The National Survey provides us with a number of realities about cocaine use in the Nation today: Twenty million or more Americans have now tried it, and half of that number are past-year users. Cocaine use tends to be concentrated in the high-risk 18 to 25 population group. The highest prevalence rates are observed in young white males, in young residents of the West and the Northeast, and among white and college-educated young people.

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Mammalian cells selected for resistance to certain cytotoxic drugs frequently develop cross-resistance to a broad spectrum of other drugs unrelated in structure to the original selective agent. This phenomenon constitutes a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. Multi-drug resistance arises from decreased intracellular drug accumulation, apparently due to an alteration of the plasma membrane.

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The transplantable murine Dunn osteosarcoma has no detectable hypoxanthine:guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.

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The number and time to appearance of pulmonary metastases were evaluated in 15 patients with osteogenic sarcoma receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate and doxorubicin (adjuvant group). The results were compared to 33 age- and sex-matched controls (control group). The adjuvant group demonstrated a reduction in the number and a delay in the appearance of the metastases.

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Four separate groups of patients have been studied: (1) The effect of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) administration on glomerular filtration rate was determined by pre- and posttreatment inulin and creatinine clearances in nine patients. Measurements were made prior to and 24-40 hr after drug administration. Inulin and creatinine clearances both decreased a mean of 43%.

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The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of dibutyl methotrexate (DBMTX) and gamma-monobutyl methotrexate (gamma-MBMTX) were studied in Rhesus monkeys. When a bolus IV dose of either [3H]DBMTX or [3H] gamma-MBMTX was given, the principal species in serum for up to 1 h was the monoester, with MTX accounting for less than 10% of the total radioactivity. Products other than gamma-MBMTX and MTX were formed in substantial amounts with DBMTX, but not with gamma-MBMTX.

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