Elimination of the bias-stress effect in ligand-free quantum dot field-effect transistors.

Field-effect transistors (FETs) made from colloidal quantum dot (QD) solids commonly suffer from current-voltage hysteresis caused by the bias-stress effect (BSE), which complicates fundamental studies of charge transport in QD solids and the use of QD FETs in electronics. Here, we show that the BSE can be eliminated in n-channel PbSe QD FETs by first removing the QD ligands with a dose of H2S gas and then infilling the QD films with alumina by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The H2S-treated, alumina-infilled FETs have stable, hysteresis-free device characteristics (total short-term stability), indefinite air stability (total long-term stability), and a high electron mobility of up to 14 cm2 V-1 s-1, making them attractive for QD circuitry and optoelectronic devices.

A liposomal bupivacaine infiltrative block reduces rescue analgesia administration compared to a bupivacaine splash block after canine ovariohysterectomy in a teaching laboratory.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether an infiltrative block with liposomal bupivacaine was associated with less rescue analgesia administration and lower pain scores than a bupivacaine splash block after ovariohysterectomy in dogs.

Animals: Eligible dogs included those that were spayed as part of a veterinary teaching laboratory. Dogs were up to 7 years old and otherwise healthy.

Enhancing Bioproducts in Seaweeds via Sustainable Aquaculture: Antioxidant and Sun-Protection Compounds.

Marine macroalgae are considered an untapped source of healthy natural metabolites and their market demand is rapidly increasing. Intertidal macroalgae present chemical defense mechanisms that enable them to thrive under changing environmental conditions. These intracellular chemicals include compounds that can be used for human benefit.

Predicting the effect of fresh gas flow on tidal volume in volume-controlled mechanically ventilated dogs.

Objectives: To determine if the tidal volume (V) delivered (V) to canine patients being mechanically ventilated by a volume-controlled ventilator differed from the volume set on the ventilator (V) at three fresh gas flow (FGF) rates. To determine if V could be accurately predicted by an FGF-based mathematical model.

Study Design: Prospective proof-of-concept study.

High-Mobility Hole Transport in Single-Grain PbSe Quantum Dot Superlattice Transistors.

Epitaxially-fused superlattices of colloidal quantum dots (QD epi-SLs) may exhibit electronic minibands and high-mobility charge transport, but electrical measurements of epi-SLs have been limited to large-area, polycrystalline samples in which superlattice grain boundaries and intragrain defects suppress/obscure miniband effects. Systematic measurements of charge transport in individual, highly-ordered epi-SL grains would facilitate the study of minibands in QD films. Here, we demonstrate the air-free fabrication of microscale field-effect transistors (μ-FETs) with channels consisting of single PbSe QD epi-SL grains (2-7 μm channel dimensions) and analyze charge transport in these single-grain devices.

Emergence of distinct electronic states in epitaxially-fused PbSe quantum dot superlattices.

Quantum coupling in arrayed nanostructures can produce novel mesoscale properties such as electronic minibands to improve the performance of optoelectronic devices, including ultra-efficient solar cells and infrared photodetectors. Colloidal PbSe quantum dots (QDs) that self-assemble into epitaxially-fused superlattices (epi-SLs) are predicted to exhibit such collective phenomena. Here, we show the emergence of distinct local electronic states induced by crystalline necks that connect individual PbSe QDs and modulate the bandgap energy across the epi-SL.

Retrospective evaluation of cardiopulmonary arrest and resuscitation in hospitalized birds: 41 cases (2006-2019).

Objective: To describe circumstances and outcomes following cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) in hospitalized birds.

Design: Retrospective case study.

Setting: Academic medical center.

A Systematic Review of Gender-Based Violence Prevention and Response Interventions for HIV Key Populations: Female Sex Workers, Men Who Have Sex With Men, and People Who Inject Drugs.

Gender-based violence (GBV) is that perpetrated based on sex, gender identity, or perceived adherence to socially defined gender norms. This human rights violation is disproportionately experienced by HIV key populations including female sex workers (FSW), people who inject drugs (PWID), and men who have sex with men (MSM). Consequently, addressing GBV is a global priority in HIV response.

Photobase-Triggered Formation of 3D Epitaxially Fused Quantum Dot Superlattices with High Uniformity and Low Bulk Defect Densities.

Highly ordered epitaxially fused colloidal quantum dot (QD) superlattices (epi-SLs) promise to combine the size-tunable photophysics of QDs with the efficient charge transport of bulk semiconductors. However, current epi-SL fabrication methods are crude and result in structurally and chemically inhomogeneous samples with high concentrations of extended defects that localize carriers and prevent the emergence of electronic mini-bands. Needed fabrication improvements are hampered by inadequate understanding of the ligand chemistry that causes epi-SL conversion from the unfused parent SL.

Can wrecks serve as exploitable surrogate habitats for degraded natural reefs?

Overfishing is a key stressor in many coral reefs, affecting their function and ecosystem services. In the Gulf of California, 50 years of artisanal and recreational fishing have removed most of the largest and most vulnerable fish species, the Espiritu Santo Archipelago (ESA) is a marine protected area (MPA) where artisanal and recreational fishing are allowed in most of the natural reefs, while the artificial reefs (wrecks) are fully protected. An important question under such circumstances is whether artificial reefs can serve as surrogate habitats for the natural reefs.

Hierarchical carrier transport simulator for defected nanoparticle solids.

The efficiency of nanoparticle (NP) solar cells has grown impressively in recent years, exceeding 16%. However, the carrier mobility in NP solar cells, and in other optoelectronic applications remains low, thus critically limiting their performance. Therefore, carrier transport in NP solids needs to be better understood to further improve the overall efficiency of NP solar cell technology.

Sedative effects of alfaxalone and hydromorphone with or without midazolam in cats: a pilot study.

Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to compare the quality of sedation and ease of intravenous (IV) catheter placement following sedation using two intramuscular (IM) sedation protocols in cats: hydromorphone, alfaxalone and midazolam vs hydromorphone and alfaxalone.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized and blinded study. Cats were randomly assigned to receive an IM injection of hydromorphone (0.

Pancreatic manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis: a national population-based study.

Objectives: RA is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent joint inflammation. Extra-articular manifestations of RA can involve different organs including the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Using a large database, we sought to describe the epidemiology of pancreas involvement in RA.

The influence of collecting patient-reported outcome measures on visit satisfaction in rheumatology clinics.

Objectives: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can direct patient-centred care and increase patient satisfaction with the visit. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the collection of PROMs and visit satisfaction, as measured by the Clinician and Group Practice Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CG-CAHPS) survey.

Methods: An electronic platform for collection of patient-reported information was implemented in rheumatology clinics between August and September 2016.

Patient-reported experience with patient-reported outcome measures in adult patients seen in rheumatology clinics.

Objectives: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly utilized in the evaluation of patients with rheumatic diseases. The aim of our study was to assess the patient experience with completing PROMs within rheumatology clinics, and identify patient characteristics associated with a more positive experience.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of adult patients seen in rheumatology clinics between 1/1/2017 and 6/30/2017.

Comparison of liposomal bupivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Objective: To compare liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (LEB) and (nonliposomal) 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (0.5BH) for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).

Postoperative regurgitation and respiratory complications in brachycephalic dogs undergoing airway surgery before and after implementation of a standardized perianesthetic protocol.

Objective: To determine whether implementation of a standardized perianesthetic protocol was associated with reduced incidence of postoperative regurgitation, pneumonia, and respiratory distress in brachycephalic dogs undergoing general anesthesia for airway surgery.

Animals: 84 client-owned dogs.

Procedures: A perianesthetic protocol that included preoperative administration of metoclopramide and famotidine, restrictive use of opioids, and recovery of patients in the intensive care unit was fully implemented for brachycephalic dogs in July 2014.

Fatal hemoptysis after bronchoscopic biopsy in a dog.

An 8-year-old 24.6 kg mixed breed dog underwent bronchoscopy for evaluation of a persistent progressive cough. Bronchoscopy documented a markedly thick and irregular, cobblestone appearance of the mucosa.

Ocean warming and tropical invaders erode the performance of a key herbivore.

Climate change and bioinvasions are two facets of global change that can act in tandem to impact native species and ecosystems. However, their combined effects on key species have rarely been studied. The Mediterranean Sea is a hot spot of both ocean warming and bioinvasions, where their impact can be tested together.

Low-frequency electronic noise in superlattice and random-packed thin films of colloidal quantum dots.

We report measurements of low-frequency electronic noise in ordered superlattice, weakly-ordered and random-packed thin films of 6.5 nm PbSe quantum dots prepared using several different ligand chemistries. For all samples, the normalized noise spectral density of the dark current revealed a Lorentzian component, reminiscent of the generation-recombination noise, superimposed on the 1/f background (f is the frequency).

Collective topo-epitaxy in the self-assembly of a 3D quantum dot superlattice.

Epitaxially fused colloidal quantum dot (QD) superlattices (epi-SLs) may enable a new class of semiconductors that combine the size-tunable photophysics of QDs with bulk-like electronic performance, but progress is hindered by a poor understanding of epi-SL formation and surface chemistry. Here we use X-ray scattering and correlative electron imaging and diffraction of individual SL grains to determine the formation mechanism of three-dimensional PbSe QD epi-SL films. We show that the epi-SL forms from a rhombohedrally distorted body centred cubic parent SL via a phase transition in which the QDs translate with minimal rotation (~10°) and epitaxially fuse across their {100} facets in three dimensions.