Impact of neoadjuvant therapy on angioplastic lobectomy: a retrospective study.

Objectives: The efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy (NT) prior to angioplastic lobectomy (AL) in non-small cell lung cancer is unclear. This study assessed its impact on morbidity, mortality and 5-year survival.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 114 patients who underwent AL at 2 tertiary centres from January 2000 to December 2020.

Impact of indocyanine green on prolonged air leak in minimally invasive segmentectomy.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomies have become the gold standard for the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer less than two centimeters. The main difficulty is the identification of intersegmental boundary lines which dictate postoperative morbidities.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to compare the perioperative outcomes of patients who underwent minimally invasive segmentectomy using the traditional deflation-inflation method or the novel indocyanine green (ICG) technique.

Lack of correlation between MET and PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer revealed by comparative study of matched biopsies and surgical resection samples.

Introduction: Both MET expression and the PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) are companion diagnostics for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (aNSCLC) patients. We evaluated the rate of correlation between MET expression and the PD-L1 TPS in matched biopsies and surgically resected specimens from NSCLC patients.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective analysis assessed the prevalence and correlation between MET expression (SP44 clone) and the PD-L1 TPS (22C3 clone) by immunohistochemistry together with molecular alterations determined by targeted next-generation sequencing in matched lung biopsy and surgically lung resected specimens from 70 patients with NSCLC.

Carinal Resection and Extended Sleeve Lobectomy After Right Upper Sleeve Lobectomy: 1 Step Beyond.

We describe the case of a 54-year-old man with a history of non-small cell lung cancer for which we performed a right upper sleeve lobectomy after chemotherapy. Pathologic examination reported a ypT1 N1 M0 R0 epidermoid carcinoma. Two years later, a local recurrence involving the tracheal carina and the previous anastomosis line was diagnosed.

Intrathoracic transposition of the omentum.

Complex chest and lung infections with bronchial fistula are life-threatening situations with a mortality rate of up to 20%. If medical treatment fails, these patients require aggressive procedures to heal. Transposition of the omentum is a valuable, nonstandard option in these complex cases with aggressive infection involving the pleural space, with or without a bronchial fistula, when medical treatment is unsuccessful.

Tracheal replacement.

Tracheal reconstruction is one of the greatest challenges in thoracic surgery when direct end-to-end anastomosis is impossible or after this procedure has failed. The main indications for tracheal reconstruction include malignant tumours (squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma), tracheoesophageal fistula, trauma, unsuccessful surgical results for benign diseases and congenital stenosis. Tracheal substitutes can be classified into five types: 1) synthetic prosthesis; 2) allografts; 3) tracheal transplantation; 4) tissue engineering; and 5) autologous tissue composite.

Heterotypic paracrine signaling drives fibroblast senescence and tumor progression of large cell carcinoma of the lung.

Senescence in cancer cells acts as a tumor suppressor, whereas in fibroblasts enhances tumor growth. Senescence has been reported in tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) from a growing list of cancer subtypes. However, the presence of senescent TAFs in lung cancer remains undefined.

Type II endoleak prevention with coil embolization during endovascular aneurysm repair in high-risk patients.

Objective: This study evaluated endoleak level and size decrease of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) with coil embolization in patients at high risk for type II endoleak.

Methods: Between 2009 and 2013, 83 of 187 patients (44.3%) who underwent EVAR for AAA also underwent coil embolization of the aneurysm sac immediately after complete stent graft release because of risk factors for type II endoleak, including absence of a circumferential thrombus, two or more pairs of patent lumbar arteries, or a patent inferior mesenteric artery.

Titanium Implant Failure After Chest Wall Osteosynthesis.

Background: Our objective was to assess potential contributing factors to implant failure (displacement or rupture) after titanium chest wall osteosynthesis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and preoperative and postoperative computed tomographic scans of patients undergoing chest wall osteosynthesis with titanium implants: the Stratos or the Matrix Fixation System in two European departments of thoracic surgery. The indications for titanium chest wall osteosynthesis, the type and number of implants, the topography of the reconstruction, surgical site infection, and role of associated flap and mesh were assessed.

Matrix stiffening and β1 integrin drive subtype-specific fibroblast accumulation in lung cancer.

Unlabelled: The crucial role of tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAF) in cancer progression is now clear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, therapies against TAFs are limited due to a lack of understanding in the subtype-specific mechanisms underlying their accumulation. Here, the mechanical (i.

Anterior mediastinal tracheostomy as salvage operation.

Background: This study aimed to assess early and long-term results after anterior mediastinal tracheostomy (AMT) as a salvage operation for recurrent neck malignancies.

Methods: Between October 2006 and February 2013, 12 patients (mean age, 57 years) underwent AMT. All patients had experienced stomal recurrence, with or without esophageal involvement, after laryngectomy.

Extended sleeve lobectomy: one more step toward avoiding pneumonectomy in centrally located lung cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgical outcomes of extended sleeve lobectomy (ESL) in centrally located non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), sparing lung tissue and aggressively avoiding pneumonectomy.

Methods: Patients who underwent ESL between January 2006 and January 2013 were included prospectively. An atypical bronchial anastomosis was used for sleeve lobectomy involving additional lobes or segments.

Pulmonary sleeve resection in locally advanced lung cancer using cryopreserved allograft for pulmonary artery replacement.

Background: During lobectomy, resection of pulmonary artery, followed by reconstruction or replacement with or without concomitant sleeve bronchial resection, is feasible in selected cases. We report morbidity, mortality, and technical issues in pulmonary artery replacement using a cryopreserved arterial allograft after sleeve resection for centrally located non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).

Methods: We reviewed clinical and pathologic data of patients who underwent arterial sleeve lobectomy with pulmonary artery replacement in our institution from 2007 to 2012.

Lung incarceration after anterior mediastinal tracheostomy.

A 63-year-old man underwent anterior mediastinal tracheostomy for postradiotherapy stoma ulceration exposing the left anterolateral tracheal side, cervical vessels, and pharynx. An anterior chest wall defect (hemiclaviculectomy, manubriectomy, and resection of anterior third of first and second ribs bilaterally) was covered by a myocutaneous pectoral flap, and a new tracheostoma was constructed in the middle of the skin island. At postoperative day 7, a protrusion of the right upper lobe outside the thoracic cavity through the anterior chest wall defect was detected.

Chest-wall reconstruction in case of infection of the operative site: is there any interest in titanium rib osteosynthesis?

Objectives: To describe the management of thoracic reconstructions in the presence of primary chest-wall infection (PCWI) or secondary deep chest-wall infection (SCWI), focussing on local tolerance of a titanium rib osteosynthesis system.

Methods: PCWI included infected chest wall tumours (CWT), infected T3 non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and open flail chest. SCWI was defined by deep infection of previous thoracic-wall reconstructions.

[Surgical treatment of solitary adrenal metastases in patients with lung cancer].

Background And Objective: Lung cancer (LC) can metastasize the adrenal gland. The objective of this study is to describe our experience in patients undergoing surgery for solitary adrenal metastasis of lung cancer in the past 11 years.

Patients And Methods: It is a retrospective study of patients who underwent the surgical resection of the lung primary tumor and the adrenal metastases.

[Locating pulmonary nodules with a computed axial tomography-guided harpoon prior to videothoracoscopic resection. Experience with 52 cases].

Objective: Videothoracoscopic (VTC) resection of peripheral pulmonary nodules (PN) occasionally requires performing a mini-thoracotomy to locate them using palpation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of inserting a CT-guided harpoon as a method for locating PN prior to surgery.

Material And Methods: A study was conducted on a total of 52 patients who were scheduled for locating 55 PN prior to surgery by inserting a CT-guided harpoon, from November 2004 to January 2011.

Single-staged laryngotracheal reconstruction for idiopathic tracheal stenosis.

Background: This study retrospectively evaluated the results of surgically treated idiopathic tracheal stenosis.

Methods: Of the 220 patients surgically treated for idiopathic subglottic and tracheal stenosis in the participating hospitals, we reviewed the surgical records of all patients with idiopathic tracheal stenosis. This subgroup required resection of all of the involved mucosa but frequently had undergone more conservative treatments that damaged the tracheal mucosa and cartilage and complicated the definitive surgical treatment.

False-negative rate after positron emission tomography/computer tomography scan for mediastinal staging in cI stage non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: To assess the false-negative (FN) rate of positron emission tomography (PET)-chest computed tomography (CT) scan in clinical non-central cIA and cIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for mediastinal staging.

Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2010, 402 patients with potentially operable NSCLC were assessed by thoracic CT scan and 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose PET-CT for mediastinal staging and to detect extrathoracic metastases, of which 153 surgically treated patients (79 cIA and 74 cIB cases) were prospectively included in the study. Central tumours were excluded on the basis of CT scan criteria, defined as contact with the intrapulmonary main bronchi, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins or the origin of the first segmental branches.

Sleeve lobectomy after induction chemoradiotherapy.

Objectives: The effect of induction chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on bronchial anastomoses remains uncertain. This prospective study aimed to assess the impact of neoadjuvant CRT on mortality, morbidity and survival following circular sleeve lobectomy (SL).

Methods: All consecutive patients undergoing SL between June 2005 and December 2010 were prospectively included.

Platelet rich plasma improves the healing process after airway anastomosis.

This study investigated whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) promotes healing and reduces anastomotic complications following airway surgery in a pig model. PRP was obtained by spinning down the animal's own blood (60 ml) and collecting the buffy coat containing platelets and white blood cells. Fifteen adult pigs were randomized into three groups: (1) sham treatment (cervicotomy), (2) non-PRP group (50% tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis), and (3) PRP group (50% tracheal resection, end-to-end anastomosis and PRP application).