Based on the available literature, duplicated internal auditory canals (DIACs) represent an exceedingly rare temporal bone anomaly that can result in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in the pediatric population. Often associated with a hypoplastic or aplastic cochlear nerve, DIAC poses limitations on treatment options, such as cochlear implants, for affected patients. Accurate diagnosis and optimal management necessitate a thorough assessment of inner ear structures and potential neural abnormalities with high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune polyneuropathy with substantial geographic variations in demography, antecedent events, clinical manifestations, electrophysiological sub-types, diagnostic findings, treatment modalities, and prognostic indicators. However, there is limited contemporary data on GBS patient profiles and prognostic factors from low-resource settings like Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical profile, factors associated with mortality, and hospital outcomes among GBS patients admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEncephalitis refers to the inflammatory condition affecting the brain parenchyma, leading to various neurological impairments. It can have various causes: infectious, postinfectious, and noninfectious origins. In this case, we present a 76-year-old man who presented to the emergency room with complaints of headache and behavioral changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of the Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19). However, data on its magnitude and risk factors among hospitalized patients in Ethiopia is limited. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of AKI and associated factors among patients admitted for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAscaris-induced intestinal obstruction is a rare complication primarily seen in children in areas with a high prevalence of worm infestations. It can occur through 2 mechanisms: immune-mediated reactions releasing neurotoxins that cause contractions and inflammation in the small intestine (aperistalsis), or mechanical obstruction by adult worms, commonly at the ileocecal valve. Partial obstructions are managed conservatively, while complete obstructions often require surgical intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In children with ileocolic intussusception, sedatives such as midazolam, ketamine and propofol may facilitate radiologic enema reduction, but studies on their separate and joint effects remain controversial.
Objectives: We aimed to systematically analyze studies for the effects of sedatives on the radiologic reduction of ileocolic intussusception in children.
Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science from database inception through March 2023 for articles that enrolled children with ileocolic intussusception who underwent non-operative pneumatic or hydrostatic enema reduction under ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance with or without the use of sedatives.
The third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) defines medication-overuse headache (MOH) as a headache that develops when a person regularly uses acute or symptomatic headache medications excessively (10 or more, or 15 or more days per month, depending on the medication) for a period of time longer than 3 months. Even though it may not be reported as frequently as it actually is, it affects about 5% of the general population on average. It typically happens following repeated anti-pain medication use for pre-existing headache disorders, such as migraines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Visceral leishmaniasis remains a deadly parasitic disease with diagnostic complexities. Currently, point-of-care chest imaging is gaining momentum in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Respiratory symptoms are common in visceral leishmaniasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: One potential treatment for gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tube-related intussusception is bowel rest, whereby the GJ tube is replaced with a gastrostomy tube. The aim of this study was to determine whether bowel rest length was associated with decreased risk of re-intussusception.
Methods: Pediatric patients with GJ tube-related intussusceptions were identified during the study period of January 1, 2010 and August 1, 2021.
Purpose: Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) has been reported in as much as 25% of patients with systemic involvement. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has a high diagnostic sensitivity/specificity in the diagnosis of CS.
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