The lost art of preventive oncology.

As the second most common cause of mortality worldwide, cancer is now prevalent in our society. The overall number of cases continue to rise each year and given the advancements in treatment strategies we now have a large population of cancer survivors. In the busy oncology clinic, patients often bring up the question of what caused their cancer.

Metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the right atrium: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Cardiac metastasis due to colon cancer is extraordinarily uncommon. Given the rarity of diagnosis, there is paucity of evidence and hence, no established guidelines for evaluation or clinical management strategy.

Clinical Presentation: We present the case of a 59 year old male with a previously treated colonic carcinoma who presented with new onset exertional dyspnea.

Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

There have been unique adverse events reported with targeted blockade of programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA4), including immune mediated toxicities. Recently, there have been reports of hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) occurring with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, which may result in treatment delays, interruptions, or discontinuation. This retrospective literature review and analysis of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) queried reported cases of "Hepatitis B reactivation" reported with the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors "Pembrolizumab," "Atezolizumab," "Nivolumab," "Durvalumab," "Avelumab," and "Ipilimumab" from initial FDA approval to June 30, 2020.

Acquired haemophilia as a paraneoplastic manifestation of pancreatic cancer.

Acquired haemophilia is a severe haematological disorder characterised by the presence of anti-factor VIII antibodies. Although rare, it can lead to serious bleeding complications. Acquired haemophilia can be seen in patients with malignancies as a paraneoplastic phenomenon.

Patient's Knowledge and Use of Oral Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in a Rheumatology Clinic.

Introduction: We evaluated the knowledge of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including their dosage, side effects, contraindications, and drug interactions among the patients in an outpatient rheumatology clinic.

Methods: Patients in a rheumatology clinic completed a short survey assessing their knowledge of over-the-counter NSAIDs.

Results: The survey was provided to 400 participants and 275 (68.

Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Pleural Effusion.

Renal cell carcinoma is well-known for its propensity to present in unusual ways, and renal cell carcinoma presenting as pleural effusion is extremely rare. Pleural effusion secondary to renal cell carcinoma constitutes only about 1% to 2% of all malignant pleural effusions. We report the case of a 34-year-old man with no significant past medical or surgical history who presented in the Emergency Department with dyspnea.

A Non-Operative Approach to Rectal Cancer after Chemo-Radiotherapy: Case Series and Review.

Introduction: Chemotherapy administered concurrently with radiotherapy for locally-advanced rectal cancer prior to surgery is a standard of care approach. A fraction of patients after chemo-radiotherapy achieve pathological complete remission. Our aim was to evaluate patients treated only with a non-operative approach of only chemo-radiotherapy followed by observation at a community cancer center.

Systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with high mortality worldwide. Treatment options for patients with advanced stage HCC remain a great challenge. However, novel agents especially small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor and innovative immunotherapy demonstrate new promising therapeutic options for these patients.

Vitamin D deficiency and graft-versus-host disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplant population.

Vitamins are the organic compounds that have long been known to play a significant role in our body by functioning as hormones and antioxidants. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, is the main regulator of calcium hemostasis in our body. At the same time, it is also known to show its potential effects on the immune system by modulating the differentiation, activation, and proliferation of T and B lymphocytes.

Changes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Location Secondary to Gastric Distension, Implications in the Context of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy.

Objective: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) facilitates highly conformal dose distributions to a targe tumor volume. Accurate tumor localization is extremely important, and lung tumors pose a unique challenge due to respiratory motion. Patients are required to fast before PET/CT but not before CT simulation and daily treatment, introducing potential variability from gastric distension.

Late Effects of Radiation Therapy in Pediatric Cancer Survivors.

The overall survival rates of many pediatric cancers continue to improve with each decade due to new advances in therapy. As this trend continues, the focus and importance of minimizing acute and long-term toxicity associated with treatment is paramount. While significant research regarding many of the late responses of normal tissues associated with radiation exposure has been established, future endeavors must be directed toward the identification of therapy related factors including radiation total dose, dose rate, exposure, and target treatment volumes.

Dosimetric and radiobiologic comparison of 3D conformal, IMRT, VMAT and proton therapy for the treatment of early-stage glottic cancer.

Background: This study aims to compare dosimetrically and radiobiologically 3D conformal, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), RapidArc (RA) volumetric modulated arc therapy and proton therapy techniques for early-stage glottic cancer.

Methods: Ten patients were retrospectively selected. Photon treatment planning was performed using Eclipse External Beam Planning, and proton planning was performed using CMS Xio.