Position statement of the World Endoscopy Organization: Role of endoscopy in screening, diagnosis, and treatment of esophageal superficial squamous neoplasia.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a significant global health challenge, being the sixth leading cause of cancer mortality with pronounced geographic variability. The incidence rates range from 125 per 100,000 in northern China to 1-1.5 per 100,000 in the United States, driven by environmental and lifestyle factors such as tobacco and alcohol use, dietary habits, and pollution.

Controversies in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage.

In this 14th document in a series of papers entitled "" we discuss various aspects of EUS-guided biliary drainage that are debated in the literature and in practice. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography is still the reference technique for therapeutic biliary access, but EUS-guided techniques for biliary access and drainage have developed into safe and highly effective alternative options. However, EUS-guided biliary drainage techniques are technically demanding procedures for which few training models are currently available.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cytomegalovirus Colitis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Tertiary Center Experience.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis because of their immunocompromised status. There are no studies from Saudi Arabia regarding the prevalence of CMV colitis in patients with IBD.

Objective: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of CMV colitis in patients with IBD in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

New Perspectives in Endoscopic Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease has a high incidence and prevalence in the general population. Clinical manifestations are heterogenous, and so is the response to medical treatment. Proton pump inhibitors are still the most common agents used to control reflux symptoms and for healing esophagitis, but they are not a one-size-fits-all solution for the disease.

The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope: A multicenter retrospective international study.

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy.

EUS-guided gastroenterostomy using a novel electrocautery lumen apposing metal stent for treatment of gastric outlet obstruction (with video).

Background And Aim: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) has been actually performed only with one type of electrocautery lumen-apposing metal stents (EC-LAMS). We aimed to evaluate the safety, technical and clinical effectiveness of EUS-GE using a newly available EC-LAMS in patients with malignant and benign GOO.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent EUS-GE for GOO using the new EC-LAMS at five endoscopic referral centers were retrospectively evaluated.

Evaluation of the porcine simulator on EUS-guided cystogastrostomy using lumen-apposing metal stent training.

Bckground And Objectives: EUS-guided cystogastrostomy is a well-established advanced endoscopic technique with a steep-learning curve which necessitates an ex-vivo simulator that would allow for adequate training. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of the model in allowing training for EUS-guided cystogastrostomy using lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS).

Subjects And Methods: The model was created by ROEYA Training Center, Egypt, using native porcine tissue to create fluid collections simulating both cystic and solid lesions.

The efficacy of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir fixed-dose combination for 8 weeks in HCV treatment and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in treatment-naïve, non-cirrhotic, genotype 4-infected patients (ELEGANT-4): A single-center, single-arm, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: Cost, adverse events, and long treatment duration can be significant obstacles in treating hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals. Shortening the treatment regimen can minimize these barriers, thereby enhancing adherence and increasing medication availability to more patients.

Methods: This is a single-centre, single-arm, open-label, phase 3 clinical trial on treatment naïve, non-cirrhotic, HCV genotype 4 patients.

Triple A Multisystem Disorder: Allgrove Syndrome.

Allgrove syndrome (AS), also known as triple A syndrome, is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by a triad of alacrimia, achalasia, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) resistant adrenal insufficiency. We present a case of a 16-year-old male presenting with the classic triad and a homozygous mutation in the Aladin WD Repeat Nucleoporin (AAAS gene). Genetic analysis and detection of AAAS gene mutation is the cornerstone of diagnosis.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for the treatment of achalasia: A multicenter Middle Eastern experience.

Background: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) was proposed in 2010 as a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of achalasia. In this article, we describe the Middle Eastern experience with the procedure in terms of efficacy, length of admission, and short- and long-term complications.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of our prospectively collected data on patients who underwent a POEM procedure was conducted between March 2019 and May 2020.

Peripancreatic fluid collections, plastic stents, and different sub-types of metal stents: Where does the evidence land?

Background: Peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are a frequent complication of acute pancreatitis. Symptomatic PFCs may need to be drained, and there are multiple endoscopic accessories that can facilitate the procedure. This paper aims to compare the success rate, number of procedures required for resolution and adverse events rate for PFCs EUS-guided drainage with plastic stents and lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS).

Microbial dysbiosis in irritable bowel syndrome: A single-center metagenomic study in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The focus of this study was to explore potential differences in colonic mucosal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients compared to a control group utilizing a metagenomic study.

Methods: Mucosal microbiota samples were collected from each IBS patient utilizing jet-flushing colonic mucosa in unified segments of the colon with distilled water, followed by aspiration, during colonoscopy. All the purified dsDNA was extracted and quantified before metagenomic sequencing using an Illumina platform.

The utility of digital cholangioscopy (SpyGlass DS) in biliary and pancreatic diseases: A clinical feasibility study at two tertiary care centers in Saudi Arabia (with Videos).

Background And Study Aim: Since its inception in 2007, single-operator cholangioscopy (SOC) has gained popularity for many diagnostically and therapeutically challenging biliary and pancreatic conditions. Many studies have been published to evaluate the feasibility, usefulness, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile of the first generation. This paper is a descriptive study in which we aim to share the experience of two tertiary care centers with the novel version of SOC, SpyGlass DS.

The utility of esophagogastroduodenoscopy and screening in the preoperative assessment of patients undergoing bariatric surgery: A cross-sectional, single-center study in Saudi Arabia.

Background/aim: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and Helicobacter pylori screening are routine parts of the preoperative assessment of patients undergoing bariatric surgery at many centers around the world. The reason for this step is to identify abnormalities that may change the surgical approach. In this study, we aim to evaluate the extent to which endoscopic findings and H.

Acute Pancreatitis: An Exploratory, Cross-sectional, Single-center Study of the Epidemiological Features of the Disease in a Sample of Saudi Patients.

Epidemiological studies on Acute Pancreatitis (AP) are significantly scarce in the Saudi Arabian Literature. In this paper, we aim to explore the current trends of AP in a sample of Saudi patients. This is a cross-sectional study in which we reviewed AP-related admissions from 2014 to 2017.

Microbial dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel diseases: results of a metagenomic study in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The intestinal microbiota plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC)and Crohn disease (CD).

Methods: Metagenomic studies were used to study microbiota in the diagnosed cases of UC and CD at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Each segment of the colon was flushed with distilled water during colonoscopy, and the material was aspirated, immediately frozen for the study.

Endoscopic Management of Gastrobronchial Fistula after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Case Report.

Bariatric surgery has rapidly emerged as a modality for managing morbid obesity; however, despite being considered safe, some complications do exist. Formation of a gastrobronchial fistula is a rare complication of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, novel endoscopic techniques have widely been adopted in the management of such cases, as they provide minimally invasive options that decrease the morbidity and mortality.

ERCP quality indicators: The experience of a high-volume tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the most technically demanding and high-risk procedures performed by GI endoscopists. Therefore, guidelines or position statements on various aspects of quality indicators, safety indicators and credentialing for ERCP have been developed by gastroenterology associations. In this paper, we evaluate the ERCP quality in a single, high-volume, tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia using a number of measures commonly stated by these organizations, and compare the experience of that center to the previously-published standards in this regard.

Endoscopic biodegradable stents as a rescue treatment in the management of post bariatric surgery leaks: a case series.

Background And Aims:  Postoperative leak is one of the most feared complications after bariatric surgery. Endoscopic stenting is used to manage leaks by decreasing the gastrointestinal intraluminal pressure. The main advantage of endoscopic management is providing healing while still allowing for oral nutrition.