Publications by authors named "Abebe W"
Background: Intestinal parasite infections remain a serious public health concern around the world, particularly in countries with inadequate sanitation. The study aims to ascertain the total magnitude of intestinal parasites in diabetes patients throughout the African countries.
Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the general burden of intestinal parasites among diabetic patients in Africa.
Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are a significant public health concern, especially among food handlers, who can transmit these infections to the public through food preparation and handling. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers in the East African region.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis on intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers involved a comprehensive search across various databases, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and the institution's library registers.
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic abnormality affecting 537 million people worldwide. Poor glycemic control, longer duration, and poor medication adherence increased the risk of DM complications. Comprehensive evidence on the pooled prevalence of microvascular complications in DM patients in Ethiopia is not available.
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- Malaria is a significant global health issue caused by the Plasmodium genus, with drug resistance, particularly to chloroquine in P. vivax and P. falciparum, being a pressing concern in endemic regions of Africa.
- The study aimed to assess the prevalence of molecular markers indicating chloroquine resistance in malaria parasites across East Africa through a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies.
- A total of 20 studies were analyzed, focusing on key molecular markers associated with chloroquine resistance, ultimately providing insight into the prevalence of these markers in malaria parasites.
Background: Hookworm infection is a common problem among schoolchildren and mothers in tropical and subtropical countries, causing cognitive impairment, growth retardation in children and anaemia, low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth delay in susceptible mothers. Since schoolchildren generally have a higher prevalence due to behavioral and hygiene-related factors, our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Hookworm infection among schoolchildren in Ethiopia.
Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved from several search databases.
Background: Due to the overlapping endemic regions and the high burden of both infections, coinfection with Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni poses distinct public health concerns that require coordinated, multifaceted interventions. There are epidemiological studies on the coinfection of these two parasites in Ethiopia, and the results differ and are inconsistent from one region to another. Thus, the goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to ascertain Ethiopia's pooled prevalence of P.
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- Alluvial rivers change their shape due to environmental factors and human activities, impacting ecosystems significantly.
- This paper focuses on the long-term effects of flow regulation on the Abay River in Ethiopia, particularly after the construction of a weir for hydropower since 1996.
- The findings indicate that current water resource development has reduced the river's outflow, causing notable changes in river morphology and ecology, with potential severe consequences if not managed properly.
Article Synopsis
- Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are complicating wound infection treatment globally, with limited data on such bacteria in Ethiopia.
- This study focused on identifying the prevalence of Gram-negative rods that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) among wound infection patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital between May and July 2022.
- Out of 228 participants, 71.1% tested positive for infections, predominantly featuring various strains of Gram-negative bacteria, including the most common ones as detailed in the study's findings.
Background: Accurate reference intervals generated from an apparently healthy population and stratified by crucial variables such as age and gender are required to guarantee appropriate interpretation of test results. Since there were no local reference intervals in the study area, the present study aimed to establish reference intervals on serum lipid profiles and electrolytes for children and adolescents in Addis Ababa.
Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2019.
Article Synopsis
- The research investigates infection prevention and control (IPC) practices among healthcare workers in the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia, revealing significant inadequacies in adherence to IPC standards.
- Utilizing a rapid ethnographic assessment approach, the study collected data through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with healthcare workers, aiming to identify barriers and facilitators to effective IPC practices.
- Key barriers identified include lack of training, inadequate resources, high workloads, and poor management support, while facilitators included the presence of an IPC team and health education initiatives for patients and visitors.
Malaria is a disease transmitted by vectors and caused by unicellular parasites. Malaria pathogenesis is associated with the ABO phenotype. However, there is little information on the frequency of malaria disease and its relationship with the ABO blood group in the study area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to analyse the physicochemical, structural, functional, and thermal properties of flour from two indigenous Ethiopian Potato (Plectranthus edulis) varieties, Chanqua and Loffo, and to compare with wheat flour (WF). The study also investigated how oven and sun drying methods affected the physicochemical properties of the flours. The results demonstrated a significant distinction (p ≤ 0.
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- Hepatitis B and C viruses are major health threats, causing liver issues like cirrhosis and cancer, especially in low-resource countries.
- A study at Guhalla Primary Hospital in Ethiopia analyzed data from 883 patients to determine the prevalence of these viruses, finding rates of 14% for HBV and nearly 20% for HCV.
- The research highlighted that females and specific age groups (31-40 years for HBV; 21-30 and over 40 years for HCV) had significantly higher risks of infection.
Article Synopsis
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant opportunistic bacterial pathogen resulting in serious illnesses like pneumonia and meningitis, causing substantial health issues globally.
- The study focused on understanding the molecular epidemiology of this pathogen in Ethiopia by analyzing 54 bacterial isolates from patients, using whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
- Results showed a diversity of 32 serotypes and 42 sequence types including 21 new ones, indicating a concerning trend of resistance, particularly with serotype 14 being highly resistant to penicillin G, pointing to Ethiopia as a possible site for the emergence of new strains.
Objective: Liver function test (LFT) abnormalities are higher in patients with severe COVID-19. Most of the studies on this theme were conducted in foreign nations, and the association with LFT abnormalities was not sufficiently addressed in the study areas. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 infection on liver function of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The emergence of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance against artemisinin-based combination therapy has threatened malaria control efforts. Since malaria control and elimination plans are dependent on these drugs, they must remain efficacious. However, resistance to these drugs was detected in low-transmission settings and is predicted to emerge in high-transmission settings, including in unspecified areas of Ethiopia.
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- A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among key and vulnerable populations (KVPs) in hotspot regions of Ethiopia, despite a global decline in TB incidence.
- The analysis included 34 articles, with methods involving data recorded and analyzed using STATA 17.0, assessing prevalence rates by various group settings and publication years.
- The findings estimated a pooled PTB prevalence of 11.7% in hotspot settings, with specific prevalence rates for different KVPs: prison inmates (8.8%), university students (23.1%), refugees (28.4%), and others, highlighting significant vulnerability among these groups.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis in African newborns, as this issue is a growing concern globally.
- - A total of 36 research studies were analyzed, revealing a combined prevalence rate of 30.34% for carbapenem resistance among these bacteria in Africa.
- - Specifically, A. baumannii and Pseudomonas species showed high resistance rates, with 45.9% and 43.0% prevalence, respectively, indicating a significant public health challenge.
Background: Antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacterial infection is a significant global threat to the healthcare systems. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the leading infectious agent in the healthcare setting is now one of the major threats due to AMR. A comprehensive understanding of the magnitude of AMR, particularly highly public health important pathogens such as P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSitus inversus, an uncommon disorder, causes the orientation of asymmetric organs to be opposite to that of normal anatomy. It can be either partial, affecting only the thoracic or abdominal cavities, or full, involving the transposition of both the thoracic and abdominal organs. A 31-year-old Ethiopian male patient presented with migratory abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant for 3 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections are global issues that disproportionately affect developing countries. Pregnancy-related HBV and HCV infections are associated with a high risk of vertical transmission and complications for the mother as well as the newborn. Therefore, this study aims to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Guhala Primary Hospital, Northwestern Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe National Immunization Program (NIP) was introduced in Ethiopia in 1980. The NIP has expanded the number of vaccines from six to more than 14 in 2023. However, decisions on new vaccine introduction and other vaccine-related matters were not systematically deliberated nationally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent diagnostic methods for detecting foodborne pathogens are time-consuming, require sophisticated equipment, and have a low specificity and sensitivity. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and plasmonic/colorimetric biosensors like gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are cost-effective, high-throughput, precise, and rapid. This study aimed to validate the use of MNPs and GNPs for the early detection of O157:H7, spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intestinal parasitic infections pose significant global health challenges, particularly in developing countries. Asymptomatic infections often present a considerable burden with food handlers serving as potential carriers. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of these parasites varies across regions, and accurate data in the study area is lacking.
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