Publications by authors named "Abebe M"
Background: Clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (CDPTB) patients account for a huge proportion of TB. However, little is known about the genetic diversity and drug resistance profile of Complex (MTBC) strains in this group of patients.
Method: Unmatched case-control study was conducted among 313 PTB patients to compare the genetic diversity of MTBC and their drug resistance profiles among CDPTB ( = 173) and bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB (BCPTB) ( = 140) patients.
Gout is the most prevalent form of inflammatory arthritis in males as a result of high uric acid levels that cause deposition of monosodium urate crystals in soft tissues, bones and joints. It commonly presents as swollen, erythematous and painful joint. Necrotizing fasciitis is rapidly progressing aggressive soft tissue infection that spreads along the fascial planes sparing the skin; it is very uncommon for necrotizing fasciitis to occur as a complication of gouty arthritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMinimum meal frequency and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of the demographic and health survey data.
Front Public Health
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Approximately 50% of children worldwide lack the minimum meal frequency (MMF), with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) having the lowest rates among children aged 6-23 months.
- A study using data from 35 SSA countries found that only 38.47% of children meet the MMF, with significant variation across countries, from 21.41% in Liberia to 63.98% in Madagascar.
- Factors like maternal education, household wealth, and child age were linked to better MMF rates, highlighting challenges in addressing malnutrition and reaching health goals in the region.
Background: Pesticide exposure is a major public health issue among farmers affecting make it their health, economic stability, and agricultural productivity. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude and determinants of farmers' knowledge of health risks, safety practices, and acute pesticide poisoning in the South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the South Wollo Zone's irrigation areas from July to August 2022.
Background: Methicillin and vancomycin-resistant have become increasingly problematic in recent years. This may be explained by the indiscriminate use of this antibiotic. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) and associated risk factors in patients with wound infections in the East Wallaga Zone, Western Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The knowledge and practices of nurses are determinant factors of pediatric pain management, but there are no pooled results concerning prevalence and associated factors. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of good knowledge, good practices, and associated factors for pediatric pain management in Ethiopia.
Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and university repositories in Ethiopia were searched.
Article Synopsis
- Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer affecting plasma cells, with over 35,000 new cases diagnosed each year in the U.S., leading to frequent relapses and limited treatment options.
- Researchers used transcriptome sequencing to compare newly diagnosed MM patients with short progression-free survival (PFS) to those with longer PFS, identifying 157 lncRNAs associated with poor outcomes, particularly focusing on one specific lncRNA.
- The study found that the overexpression of this lncRNA enhances cell viability and decreases apoptosis, while its knockdown has the opposite effect, and targeted therapies using antisense oligonucleotides showed potential in reducing cell viability and promoting apoptosis in MM cells.
Background: In resource-limited areas, especially in conflict-affected settings, managing the risk of hospital-acquired infections is difficult due to the destruction of essential facilities in healthcare settings. The study aimed to assess adherence to Infection prevention practices and associated factors among healthcare workers in Northeastern Ethiopia following the Northern Ethiopia conflict.
Methods And Materials: A facility-based cross-sectional study was done with 408 healthcare workers.
Article Synopsis
- Diarrhea is a major cause of child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the critical need for timely medical treatment to improve health outcomes for affected children.
- A study analyzed data from 35 SSA countries, finding that only 58.71% of children under five with diarrhea sought healthcare, with various factors influencing their healthcare-seeking behavior.
- The research suggests that over 40% of these children lack access to medical care, emphasizing the need for health policy changes that focus on maternal education, improving healthcare access, and community awareness to address this issue.
Background: Self-medication is a widespread practice among pregnant women worldwide, with 44.55% practicing it. However, it may lead to incorrect diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, and failure to recognize contraindications.
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- This study focused on the relationship between helminth infections and the effectiveness of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) test for detecting latent TB in a TB-endemic area of Ethiopia.* -
- Among 314 participants, 16.9% were found to be infected with helminths, but overall QFT-Plus positivity was similar for both helminth-positive and -negative groups, although higher hookworm burdens corresponded with lower test positivity.* -
- The results indicate that the type and intensity of helminth infections may impact immune response, suggesting the need for more extensive research to fully understand these dynamics.*
Article Synopsis
- Anemia, a condition characterized by insufficient healthy red blood cells, affects women aged 15-49 in Burkina Faso, prompting a study to investigate its spatial distribution and contributing factors.
- The analysis used data from the 2021 Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Surveys, involving a sample of 5,655 women, and employed software tools like STATA, ArcGIS, and SaTScan.
- Findings revealed a significant clustering of anemia in specific regions, with age, wealth status, and geographic location serving as key predictors of the condition among the studied population.
Background: Tokophobia is a mild to extreme fear of pregnancy and/or childbirth that may cause a woman to avoid giving birth. It is a common obstetrical problem that affects women's health. Some studies have found that fear of childbirth is common in East African countries.
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- * A study analyzed data from the 2019 Ethiopian mini Demographic and Health Survey, focusing on teenage pregnancy's spatial variation and associated factors using statistical models and mapping software.
- * The study found a teenage pregnancy prevalence of 12.89% in Ethiopia, with significant clusters in regions like Gambella, and identified key factors such as age, education level, religion, and access to contraceptive knowledge that influence these rates.
Article Synopsis
- Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly affecting the healthcare system in Ethiopia, especially in the Gedeo zone where both infectious and NCDs pose a challenge.
- A study involving 705 adults in Gedeo used structured questionnaires to assess health-promoting behaviors, employing statistical methods to analyze the data and identify related factors.
- Findings revealed an average health-promoting behavior score of 73.88, with factors like gender, education, and family history of NCDs significantly influencing these behaviors, particularly highlighting low scores in physical activity and high scores in spiritual growth.
Article Synopsis
- Teenage pregnancy is a significant reproductive health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia, where prevalence varies by region.
- A study analyzed data from 2,165 adolescent girls aged 15-19 using advanced statistical methods, revealing a teenage pregnancy rate of 12.98%, with clustering in specific areas like Afar and Oromia.
- Key factors linked to higher rates of teenage pregnancy include illiteracy and marital status, with older age being a strong predictor of increased risk.
Article Synopsis
- Undiagnosed hypertension affects 17% of the population in the Horn of Africa, with prevalence increasing from 13% in 2006 to 20% in 2023.
- Various factors contribute to undiagnosed hypertension, including age (especially those over 45), lack of physical activity, poor health-seeking behavior, and low vegetable consumption.
- Addressing these determinants through targeted interventions could help reduce the growing trend of undiagnosed hypertension in the region.
Article Synopsis
- Goldenhar syndrome is a congenital condition affecting structures from the first and second pharyngeal arches, characterized by facial asymmetry and other anomalies.
- A 3-month-old male with Goldenhar syndrome was diagnosed after being born to a mother receiving antiretroviral therapy and had no family history of birth defects.
- The infant presented with respiratory issues and severe pneumonia, and he is currently receiving multidisciplinary care for both his immediate health needs and potential management of Goldenhar syndrome.
Trends, spatiotemporal variation and decomposition analysis of pregnancy termination among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopian demographic and health survey, from 2000 to 2016.
Heliyon
July 2024
Article Synopsis
- Pregnancy termination rates in Ethiopia decreased by 39.5% from 2000 to 2016, indicating a significant reduction in unsafe abortions, which are a major cause of maternal mortality.
- Key factors influencing this decline include literacy, employment status, marital status, and knowledge about contraceptives and fertility cycles, which played crucial roles in shaping women's reproductive choices.
- To further reduce pregnancy termination rates, the Ethiopian government should enhance educational opportunities for girls, improve access to reproductive health resources, and implement policies that raise the minimum age for sexual activity and marriage.
Over more than a decade, lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have been popular as a next-generation semiconductor for optoelectronics. Later, all-inorganic CsPbX (X = Cl, Br, and I) nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized supersaturated recrystallization (SR) at room temperature (RT). However, compared to the hot injection (HI) method, the formation mechanism of NCs SR-RT has not been well studied.
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- Evidence-based intrapartum care incorporates the best research and patient preferences to enhance the quality of obstetric care in Ethiopia.
- The study aimed to assess the prevalence of such practices among obstetric providers and identified that 54.45% of them practiced evidence-based care.
- Factors influencing this practice include knowledge, positive attitudes, training, and work experience, suggesting a need for improved training and dissemination of guidelines to boost the implementation of evidence-based care.
Article Synopsis
- Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, primarily spread through contaminated food and water, posing significant public health risks.
- A study conducted in Ethiopia from May 2022 to October 2023 collected and analyzed fecal samples from three regions, employing various microbiological tests to identify V. cholerae and assess antibiotic resistance.
- The findings revealed a 30.1% prevalence of V. cholerae in the samples, with the highest rates found in Oromia, and noted that most isolates were of the O1 serogroup and Ogawa serotype, indicating a significant cholera presence in the studied areas.
Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of illness, disability, and poor quality of life. Lack of access to potable water in the backyard forces women to take water from off-plot sources every day, which may expose them to various health risks. However, there has been little investigation on the musculoskeletal disorders' health effects on water-carrying women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Self-care practice is an integral and efficient part of comprehensive diabetes management, which could be influenced by various socio-demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors.
Objective: The study aimed to assess the level of diabetes self-care practice and its associated factors among patients with diabetes on follow-up at Yirgalem General Hospital, Yirgalem, Sidama, Ethiopia.
Methodology: An Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to May 10, 2022, involving 298 patients with diabetes on follow-up at Yirgalem General Hospital.