Costs and resource needs for primary health care in Ethiopia: evidence to inform planning and budgeting for universal health coverage.

Introduction: The Government of Ethiopia (GoE) has made significant progress in expanding access to primary health care (PHC) over the past 15 years. However, achieving national PHC targets for universal health coverage will require a significant increase in PHC financing. The purpose of this study was to generate cost evidence and provide recommendations to improve PHC efficiency.

Recurrent costs in primary health care in Ethiopia: facility and disease specific unit costs and their components in government primary hospitals and health centers.

Background: Continued investment, especially from domestic financing, is needed for Ethiopia to achieve universal health coverage and a sustainable health system over time. Understanding costs of providing health services will assist the government to mobilize adequate resources for health, and to understand future costs of changes in quality of care, service provision scope, and potential decline in external resources. This study assessed costs per unit of service output, "unit costs", for government primary hospitals and health centers, and disease-specific services within each facility.

Monitoring and evaluating progress towards Universal Health Coverage in Ethiopia.

This paper is a country case study for the Universal Health Coverage Collection, organized by WHO. Abebe Alebachew and colleagues illustrate progress towards UHC and its monitoring and evaluation in Ethiopia.