Serum Zonulin and Claudin-5 but not Interferon-Gamma and Interleukin-17A Levels Increased in Children with Specific Learning Disorder: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Gut-blood and blood-brain barrier permeabilty (gut-brain axis) has been attracting increased attention in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate serum levels of zonulin (a biomarker of intestinal permeability), claudin-5 (a biomarker of blood-brain barrier permeability), and interferon-gamma and interleukin-17A in children with specific learning disorder.

Methods: Forty-three children with DSM-5 diagnosis of specific learning disorder and 43 healthy children were included in this study.

A randomized controlled trial of effects of sleep hygiene training and progressive muscle relaxation training in children with ADHD.

Object: Sleep problems often accompany ADHD and negatively affect ADHD symptoms, however, there are not enough intervention studies on sleep interventions in children with ADHD. The present study investigated the effects of sleep hygiene training (SH) and progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMR) in children with ADHD.

Method: 57 children aged 6-12 years with ADHD were randomly assigned to the SH and SH + PMR groups and completed the intervention consisting of group training and eight weeks of telephone interviews.

The Effects of Methylphenidate on Ventricular Repolarization Parameters in Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Background: Long-acting methylphenidate (MPH), a psychostimulant agent, is widely used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate might cause an increment in the risk of lethal arrhythmias by deteriorating ventricular repolarization. QT intervals, the corrected QT (QTc), QT dispersion, T-peak to T-end (TpTe), and the TpTe/QTc ratio are the most utilized indicators of ventricular repolarization in electrocardiogram (ECG).

Peer Victimization in Preadolescent Children With ADHD: A Controlled Follow-up Study.

Introduction: The present study examines bullying and its psychological consequences in school age children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method: The sample consisted of 34 children with ADHD and 36 children without ADHD. Continuity of bullying and victimization and their relationship with psychological problems and quality of life (QoL) were examined at two time points (T1 and T2) with one-year interval.

Elevated Serum Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 Levels in Children With Specific Learning Disorder: A Case Control Study.

Objective: Specific learning disorder (SLD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which underlying pathogenesis and etiological factors are not fully understood. Neuroinflammatory response (measured with serum levels of galectin-1 and galectin-3), which is associated with learning and memory, may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of SLD. Aim of the present study is to examine whether serum galectin-1 and galectin-3 levels are related to SLD.

Executive Functions and Social Responsiveness in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: To evaluate the executive functions and social reciprocity of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and compared them with healthy controls.

Material And Method: Patients aged 6-17 years diagnosed with ASD ( = 33) and ADHD ( = 37) and healthy controls in the same age range ( = 33) were included in the study. Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (BRIEF) sub-scales and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were used for evaluating executive function areas and social responsiveness.

Coping and psychopathology in children with malignancy and bronchiectasis.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the coping styles and social support perceived by the children with two different chronic diseases (cancer and bronchiectasis), their mothers' coping styles and compare them with a control group without any chronic physical or psychiatric disorder.

Methods: Our sample consisted of 114 children and adolescents, with an age range from 9 to 15 years. The data were collected by using schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version, kid-coping orientation to problems experienced (Kid-COPE), social support appraisals scale (SSAS), and COPE.

Peer Victimization in Preadolescent Children With ADHD in Turkey.

The present study aims to investigate peer victimization and its relationship with comorbid psychiatric diagnoses and quality of life (QoL) among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Study sample consisted of 66 children with ADHD (mean age = 8.6 ± 1.

Duration of Breastfeeding, Bottle-Feeding, and Parafunctional Oral Habits in Relation to Anxiety Disorders Among Children.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the duration of breastfeeding in relation to various parafunctional oral habits in children with anxiety disorders.

Materials And Methods: The study includes 195 children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and age- and gender-matched 255 healthy control subjects. Diagnoses were made with semistructured interview (K-SADS).