Serum neopterin and orexin-A levels in different stages of diabetic retinopathy.

Clinical Relevance: Retinopathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of vision loss in the working middle-aged population.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the value of neopterin and orexin-A levels in patients with diabetes mellitus with different stages of diabetic retinopathy and without diabetic retinopathy and to compare those findings with results from healthy individuals without diabetes mellitus.

Methods: In total, 65 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 22 healthy individuals without diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this prospective study.

Long-Term Outcomes of Enucleation and Secondary Orbital Implantation Surgeries Using Polyester Mesh-Wrapped Acrylic Orbital Implants.

Objective: To reveal the long-term outcomes of enucleation and secondary orbital implantation surgeries employing nonabsorbable surgical mesh-wrapped acrylic orbital implants for various reasons.

Methods: A retrospective interventional study of 48 eyes that underwent primary or late primary enucleation and secondary orbital implantation using polyester mesh-wrapped acrylic orbital implants, between 2012 and 2021. Patient demographics, diagnosis, prior ophthalmic surgery, implant size, follow-up periods, and implant-associated complications were evaluated.

Topical cyclosporine versus allergen specific immunotherapy in perennial allergic conjunctivitis.

Purpose: Symptom control in the long-term with less side effects is important in perennial allergic conjunctivitis, since would improve quality of life. This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacies of topical cyclosporin A and subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) in terms of sign control in perennial allergic conjunctivitis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 20 adult patients with perennial allergic conjunctivitis and confirmed sensitization to house dust mites with skin prick test.

Ozone-induced retinal vascular reactivity as assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the retinal vascular reactivity (RVR) of the macular and peripapillary capillary network in response to ozonated autohemotherapy (AHT) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This was a single-centre prospective study. All participants that were planned to have a combination of major and minor ozone AHT underwent a complete ocular examination and OCTA imaging before and after the ozone AHT.

Outcomes of XEN Gel Stent Implantation in the Inferonasal Quadrant after Failed Trabeculectomy.

Aim And Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of XEN stent implantation in the inferonasal quadrant after prior failed trabeculectomy.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen open-angle glaucoma patients with prior failed trabeculectomy were recruited to this retrospective study. Implantation of the stent was performed as a stand-alone procedure.

Retinal Vascular Changes in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Objectives: In the current study, we aimed to investigate retinal vascular density and blood flow changes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (AngioVue Avanti, Optovue).

Methods: Thirty eyes of 30 patients with COPD and 30 eyes of 30 healthy controls were evaluated with OCTA. Foveal and parafoveal vessel density, inner retinal and choriocapillary flow area, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area were measured and compared between the groups.

Retinochoroidal vascular plexuses in patients with iron deficiency anaemia.

Clinical Relevance: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) may enable the identification of alteration in the retinochoroidal microvasculature in patients with iron deficiency anaemia.

Background: To investigate the presence of macular microvascular alterations in females with IDA by using OCT-A.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional comparative study.

Microvascular and functional changes according to the fundus location of the affected arteriovenous crossing in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural and functional changes occurring in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) according to the distance of the affected arteriovenous (AV) crossing to the centers of the fovea and optic disc by optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Forty-five patients with unilateral BRVO and 45 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in this retrospective observational study. Images of the macula (3 mm × 3 mm) and affected AV crossing sites were obtained by OCTA.

Peripapillary vascular density and retinal nerve fibre layer changes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic disease which may cause end organ damage.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness changes in patients with COPD.

Methods: The right eyes of 35 patients with COPD and 35 healthy controls were evaluated with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Evaluation of Retinal Vascular Changes in Patients with Psoriasis according to Disease Severity.

Objectives: To investigate foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and retinal vascular density (VD) in patients with psoriasis according to disease severity using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with mild psoriasis (Group 1), 28 with moderate to severe psoriasis (Group 2) and 30 healthy controls (Group 3) were evaluated with OCTA. Foveal and parafoveal VD and FAZ area were measured and compared.

Short term effects of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents on cornea, anterior chamber, and intraocular pressure.

To evaluate short term changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections. A total of 100 eyes from 100 patients, who were naive for intravitreal injection treatment, were included in this retrospective study. Patients who received only a single type of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, or aflibercept) for two consecutive months were examined.