Antibiotic Resistance and Bacteria in Urinary Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients.

Objective: Antibiotic resistance against bacterial pathogens associated with urinary tract infections (UTI) is rapidly increasing worldwide. In this study, we aimed at determining the causative microorganisms in children under 17 years of age diagnosed with UTI in our hospital and the antibiotic resistance rates of these causes.

Methods: We isolated and retrospectively analyzed 4801 urine samples of children under 17 years old who presented with bacterial growth in their urine cultures.

Association Between Rapid Antigen Testing and Antibiotic Use and Accuracy of Peripheral Blood Parameters in Detecting Group A Streptococcus in Children With Tonsillopharyngitis.

To investigate the effect of rapid antigen testing (RAT) on the practice of antibiotic prescription as well as the accuracy of peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values in detecting group A beta-hemolytic (GABHS) in children with tonsillopharyngitis. In a multicenter study performed in Turkey, we retrospectively analyzed data from 668 consecutive pediatric patients under 17 years of age, who presented with signs and symptoms of tonsillopharyngitis and underwent RAT. The rates of positive and negative RAT results were determined and patients' antibiotic prescriptions were examined in relation to RAT results.

Evaluation of using pediatric emergency rooms.

Objective: The overload of pediatric emergency units around the world has become an increasing problem for patients and health care professionals alike. Researching the features of pediatric emergency services will provide the necessary information for creating an effective emergency medical system, increasing patient satisfaction, and reducing the treatment costs. In this study; we aimed to check the admissions in pediatric emergency rooms, evaluate the effectiveness of emergency service, and develop suitable strategies to increase the amount and quality of medical service given in pediatric emergency rooms.

Neonatal Vitamin D status and the risk of neonatal sepsis.

Objective: To evaluate the maternal and neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the effect of 25(OH)D levels on the development of neonatal sepsis.

Methods: This prospective study was performed in the neonatal intensive care unit of Medicine Hospital/Biruni University between November 2017 and September 2018. Fifty one term infants with sepsis group and 56 term infants with control group were included in this study.

Evaluation of the children with acute acetaminophen overdose and intravenous N-acetylcysteine treatment.

Objective: To evaluate the demographic and clinical features associated with acetaminophen overdose and to identify the clinical use of IV (intravenous) N- Acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment in children.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital between August 2016 and August 2017. A total of 59 patients with overdose acetaminophen ingestion were included in this study.

Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women and Their Infants.

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is a serious health problem despite a general improvement in socio-economic status in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal vitamin D status and its effect on neonatal vitamin D concentrations after a support programme for pregnant women was introduced. A second aim was to identify risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in a district of İstanbul.

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment for intracardiac vegetation in a very low birth weight infant.

Developing treatment options have resulted in prolonged admission and increased bacterial and fungal nosocomial infections as well as improved survival in neonatal intensive care unit. Invasive fungal infections in newborns are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and can cause endorgan dissemination such as endocarditis, endophthalmitis, septic arthritis, obstructive nephropathy and meningitis. Endocarditis requires aggressive systemic antifungal therapy and sometimes surgical intervention in neonates.

Diagnostic Value of Presepsin in Detection of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis.

 The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of presepsin in both diagnosis and follow-up of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) and also to compare its effectiveness with C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT).  A total of 29 term infants with EOS group and 40 term infants with control group were included in this study. Before initiating therapy, blood samples for whole blood count, CRP, PCT, presepsin, and culture were obtained from all neonates (T0).

Fungal endocarditis in an extremely low birth weight infant: case report.

Survival rates of premature infants have increased with developing technology and evolving knowledge but late-onset sepsis is more frequent due to prolonged hospitalization periods of these infants. We report the case of an extremely low birth weight premature infant who was admitted with respiratory distress syndrome, developed necrotizing enterocolitis and fungal sepsis with endocarditis by Candida albicans. He was treated with antifungal therapy until fungal vegetation resolved.