Beyond Rarity: Insights Into the Diagnosis and Histopathology of Breast Granular Cell Tumors.

Breast granular cell tumors, which are benign and rare tumors of the breast, pose a diagnostic challenge due to their rarity and nuanced clinical presentations. This article explores a unique case of a 41-year-old female with a biopsy-confirmed granular cell tumor, shedding light on the intricacies involved in diagnosis. Rooted in a neuroectodermal origin, particularly Schwann cells, these tumors demand a multidimensional diagnostic approach for accurate identification.

Loss of tumor suppressor menin expression in high grade cholangiocarcinomas.

Background: MEN1, which codes for the protein menin, is a tumor suppressor in neuroendocrine tissue. In cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines the overexpression of menin decreased proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion in vitro and in xenografts, but its expression in CCA tumor tissue samples is not established.

Objective: Determine whether the expression of menin correlates with disease progression in patient samples of CCA in a tissue microarray (TMA) by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.

A Rare Case of Pure Primary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Gallbladder.

Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the gallbladder is a rare malignancy which is often associated with non-LCNEC histologic components. Histologically "pure" LCNECs of the gallbladder are exceedingly rare with only 15 cases reported in the medical literature. Clinically, LCNECs present with abdominal pain and jaundice and follow an aggressive course with patients surviving a median of 15 months following initial diagnosis.

Sphenoid sinus cholesterol granulomas presenting with abducens nerve palsy.

We discuss two patients who presented with sphenoid sinus cholesterol granulomas and associated unilateral abducens nerve palsies. Two case reports from our institution are reported. A literature review of available articles is presented, discussing both cholesterol granulomas of the sphenoid sinus and sphenoid sinus lesions that present with unilateral abducens palsy.

Detection of doxycycline hyclate and oxymetazoline hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations via spectrophotometry and microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPADs).

There is growing demand for simple to operate, sensitive, on-site quantitative assays to investigate concentrations of drug molecules in pharmaceutical preparations for quality assurance. Here, we report on the development of two colorimetric analysis methods for the study the antibiotic doxycycline hyclate (DOX) and the nasal decongestant oxymetazoline hydrochloride (OXY), in solution as well as in their respective formulations. We compare a UV/vis spectrophotometry method with a color change recorded on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD).

Electrochemical immunoassay for the detection of stress biomarkers.

A rapid electrochemical immunoassay method was developed to detect and measure stress biomarkers (cortisol and cortisone) in two biological samples (Zebrafish whole-body and artificial saliva). This methodology utilizes an immunoassay approach taking advantage of the lock and key mechanism that is related to the antibody-antigen interaction depending on the reliable immobilization of the antibody labelled with ferrocene tags (Ab-Fc) on a modified tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) electrode using electrochemical instrumentation to build a POC platform. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained for this biosensor was 1.

Increased Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase and Cystathionine-β-Synthase in Renal Oncocytomas, Renal Urothelial Carcinoma, and Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Renal oncocytomas (ROs), and clear cell (RCC) and urothelial carcinomas (UC), are common renal neoplasms. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of NAD synthesis and its expression is increased in several tumors. Nampt concomitantly regulates hydrogen sulfide (HS)-synthesizing enzyme levels, including cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS).

A Twenty-Three-Year-Old Man with a Chronic Anterior Chest Wall Wound, Eosinophilia, and Elevated IgE-Job's Syndrome.

A 23-year-old man presented with a chronic anterior chest wall wound. Previously he had a split thickness skin graft in the area in where the wound bed had become infected, developing a thick purulent drainage. The infected skin graft was excised.

Esophageal eosinophilia in pediatric patients with celiac disease: is it a causal or an incidental association?

Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) are 2 distinct disease entities affecting the gastrointestinal tract of pediatric patients. Recently it has been suggested that EoE is more prevalent in patients with celiac disease than in the general population. We studied the association between these 2 disease entities in our pediatric patients.