Molecular Screening of Carbapenem-Resistant (CRKP) Clinical Isolates for Concomitant Occurrence of Genes (CTX-M, TEM, and SHV) in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

The emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing , including CRKP infections, has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. We aimed to explore the presence of genes (CTX-M, TEM, and SHV) in CRKP isolates. A total of 24 CRKP isolates were randomly selected from the Salmaniya Medical Complex Microbiology Laboratory.

Perception of online and face to face microbiology laboratory sessions among medical students and faculty at Arabian Gulf University: a mixed method study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all spheres of society including medical education and healthcare systems. In response to the pandemic, there has been a transition in medical education practice from traditional forms of teaching to online instruction delivery and virtual learning. Effective clinical microbiology education involves a combination of 'hands-on' practical learning and instructional delivery of scientific knowledge.

Pattern of upper respiratory tract infections and physicians' antibiotic prescribing practices in Bahrain.

Objective: To evaluate the pattern of antibiotic prescriptions for paediatric upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and determine the associated predictors for such antibiotic use in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Subjects And Methods: From March 2005 to March 2006, demographic data, clinical presentation, investigations and antibiotic prescription for children with URTI (n = 184) at the Bahrain Defence Force Hospital was recorded. To assess the factors which influence physician antibiotic prescription for URTI, a cross-sectional survey of doctors was carried out using a pre-tested questionnaire which was administered to paediatricians, general practitioners and emergency room physicians.

Antimicrobial prescribing trends in primary care: implications for health policy in Bahrain.

Purpose: To evaluate antimicrobial prescribing pattern by primary care physicians.

Methods: A nation-wide, retrospective, multi-centric prescription-audit was carried out in primary care health centres in Bahrain.

Results: Systemic antimicrobials ranked the fourth most common class of drugs prescribed.

Management of acute diarrhoea in primary care in Bahrain: self-reported practices of doctors.

This nationwide study was conducted to assess the extent of adherence of primary-care physicians to the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended guidelines on the use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT), antimicrobials, and prescribing of other drugs used in treating symptoms of acute diarrhoea in Bahrain. A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey was carried out in primary-care health centres. During a six-week survey period (15 August-30 September 2003), 328 (25.

Invasive capabilities of Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated in Bahrain: molecular and phenotypic characterization.

The association between putative virulence genes in Campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates, in vitro invasive capability and severity of infection is yet to be clearly described. We have characterized three virulence genes and correlated their presence with the severity of infection and in vitro invasiveness. We studied eight C.

Multiplex PCR for direct identification of Campylobacter spp. in human and chicken stools.

Differentiation between Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli is problematic in clinical specimens due to fastidious growth requirements and limited biochemical tests. This study describes a rapid, multiplex PCR protocol for the direct detection and differentiation of C. jejuni and C.

Clinical relevance of virulence genes in Campylobacter jejuni isolates in Bahrain.

There are no data describing the genetic make-up of Campylobacter strains (an important aetiological agent of diarrhoea) circulating in the Arabian Gulf region. Here, the molecular characterization of two virulence genes in Campylobacter jejuni from Bahrain and the relationship with clinical infection are reported. Molecular screening for cytolethal distending toxin (cdtB) and invasion-associated marker (iam) genes was carried out on C.

Effect of antibiotic sub inhibitory concentration on cytolethal distending toxin production by Campylobacter jejuni.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of pre-exposure antibiotics on cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) production and toxigenic effect of C. jejuni.

Methods: Sonicates and filtrates were prepared from known cdt+ and cdt- isolates of C.

Status of malaria in the Kingdom of Bahrain: a 10-year review.

Background: Malaria was eradicated in Bahrain about 20 years ago. However, because of a large immigrant population, cases of imported malaria continued to be seen. This paper presents an evaluation of the data from 1992 to 2001 to assess the levels of indigenous and imported malaria cases and the potential for reemergence of malaria transmission in the country.

Evaluation of malaria chemoprophylaxis in Bahrain.

The Kingdom of Bahrain is an archipelago located in the Arabian Gulf with a population of 650,000. A well-established network of 21 primary health care centers provide free health care for all residents, including citizens and expatriates. Patients requiring special investigation, consultation with specialists or admission are referred to the Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC), which provides secondary and tertiary care.

Causative pathogens of severe diarrhea in children.

Objectives: To investigate the enteropathogens in children with diarrhea attending Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain.

Methods: Fecal samples from 805 children up to 15 years were examined for parasites, ova and cysts by direct wet preparation, formol-ether concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain, during the period November 1998 through to June 2000. Samples were cultured for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.